Researchers found that Elegant Terns have expanded their breeding range from the Gulf of California into Southern California, driven by declining productivity in the Gulf. The study suggests that ocean warming and overfishing are causing ecological collapse in the region.
A new study found that daily bathing of pediatric patients with antiseptic cuts can reduce central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) by 59 percent. The practice also saved approximately $300,000 in one hospital over a six-month period.
A special protein called FoxF2 found in brain's tiny blood vessels affects the development of the blood-brain barrier, a vital protective function that controls substances reaching the brain's nerve cells. Variations in the FoxF2 gene have been linked to an increased risk of stroke in humans.
Leap seconds are added to account for Earth's slow rotation, which has slowed down by about 2 milliseconds per year since the 1820s. The extra second on June 30 helps maintain consistency between the atomic time standard and Coordinated Universal Time.
A recent study found that only 25% of amateur athletes undergoing hypoxic training receive specialist monitoring, putting them at risk for health problems such as increased breathlessness, anaemia, and muscle loss. The lack of regulation among amateur athletes leads to ineffective training efforts and increased health risks.
A new study reveals wide geographic variation in use of clotbuster treatment for stroke, with some regions providing treatment to nearly all patients and others giving none. This disparity can lead to unnecessary disability and higher costs for stroke survivors.
A recent UC Davis study highlights the need for improved primary care support structures to address high pediatric asthma rates in California. The research found that nearly 10% of state children suffer from asthma, with low flu vaccination rates and limited access to primary care providers contributing to these rates.
Researchers have identified a 'decoy' molecule that can modulate the body's immune response to the flu virus, reducing the risk of deadly inflammation. The molecule, 2R9, has shown promising results in mice, with only 22% dying from flu compared to 90% in untreated groups.
Researchers have documented the full spectrum of UV radiation-induced DNA damage in human skin cells, allowing manufacturers to develop targeted sunscreen products. The study's findings reveal that prolonged sun exposure leads to an accumulation of damaging free radicals, causing skin aging and potentially initiating skin cancers.
Researchers monitored brain activity in rats and found that during rest, the hippocampus simulates walking to and from food that was previously inaccessible. This suggests that the hippocampus plans routes for the future as well as recording past experiences with motivational cues like food. The study could help explain why people with...
Dr. Hartmuth Kolb was recognized for his pioneering research on neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). His PET imaging tracers showed promise in evaluating NFT pathology, holding potential for disease diagnosis and monitoring.
Researchers in Navarre, Spain developed a system that uses soft computing to predict the survival of multiple trauma patients. The system achieved high accuracy by considering patient severity variables, age and other clinical parameters.
Researchers question the brain's sparse coding mechanism, instead finding a large network of connections activated when we process impressions.
New research reveals that smooth muscle cells surrounding brain blood vessels regulate blood flow in response to neuronal activity. The study contradicts previous theories on pericytes' role in blood vessel formation and function.
Scientists have updated the traditional brain map of language comprehension by discovering a new location for word comprehension in the left anterior temporal lobe. Sentence comprehension is found to be distributed widely throughout the language network, contradicting previous theories. The study provides a more precise target for futu...
Researchers at the University of Exeter have discovered a new technique for producing high-quality, low-cost graphene, paving the way for flexible electronic skin development. The breakthrough could enable the creation of truly flexible electronics and wearable technologies.
Research suggests that SSRIs taken for menopausal symptoms may increase bone fracture risk in middle-aged women, with significant increases observed after several years of treatment. Shorter treatment lengths may be preferable to mitigate this risk.
Researchers at University of California, San Diego School of Medicine found that early indicators of Alzheimer's disease are not fixed in a specific sequence, complicating diagnosis efforts. The study suggests that different neurobiological pathways lead to the expression of the disease.
Researchers used imaging and computation to unravel a complex neural mystery, discovering three simple rules that govern the visual system of the humble fruit fly. The findings have implications for understanding human brain development and could lead to new approaches to decoding complex biological systems.
A recent study by the University of Gothenburg has found that starfish that reproduce through cloning have better health and longer lifespans than those that undergo sexual reproduction. This is due to the regulation of telomeres, which are crucial for an individual's lifespan.
A new NASA supercomputer simulation of the planet and debris disk around Beta Pictoris reveals that the planet's motion drives spiral waves throughout the disk, causing collisions among orbiting debris. The patterns in these collisions account for many observed features that previous research has struggled to explain.
A new study finds that calcineurin is essential for malaria parasites to invade red blood cells. The protein allows the parasite to recognize and attach to the red blood cell surface, and inhibitors of calcineurin can prevent infection.
A new study reveals that pygmy sloths inhabit not only mangrove fringes but also the forested interior of their island refuge in Panama. The estimated population size was found to be significantly higher than previously thought, ranging from 500 to 1,500 individuals.
Researchers found that pet care can significantly improve monitoring of Type 1 diabetes in adolescents, leading to lower blood glucose levels. The study's senior author instructs families to associate regular pet fish care with diabetes care, resulting in improved hemoglobin A1C levels.
Researchers used DNA barcoding to study Antarctic sponge diversity and revealed a highly diverse group of species, comparable to tropical communities. The genetic analysis suggests that these sponges developed as an isolated population, likely descended from ancestral forms in Gondwana waters.
Researchers developed a computational model to predict pressure ulcer formation in individuals with spinal cord injuries. The model demonstrated that early anti-inflammatory measures were crucial in preventing ulcers.
A new rapid diagnostic test has been shown to accurately diagnose Ebola virus disease within minutes, revolutionizing treatment and containment. The test's sensitivity and specificity rates are comparable to laboratory-based methods, offering a promising solution to the challenges of early diagnosis and timely intervention.
A study from VA and the University of Alabama at Birmingham found that honokiol shuts down cancer cells in lab, blocking EGFR protein in squamous cell head and neck cancers. The compound has shown promise as a treatment option for this aggressive form of cancer.
The study found that fuel extracted and refined from Canadian oil sands releases approximately 20% more carbon into the atmosphere over its lifetime. This is due to energy-intensive extraction and refining processes, as well as methane emissions and land disturbance.
The Democratic Republic of Congo's forests are under threat from lax conservation efforts, with up to 20% loss predicted and a 60% increase in carbon emissions expected. A new study suggests that greater protection measures, including protected areas and land use zoning, could reduce deforestation by more than half.
A study by researchers at the University of Montreal found that cognitive behavioral therapy can alter brain function in people with Tourette syndrome, reducing tics and improving brain activity. The therapy helped normalize brain activity in areas affected by the disorder.
A recent study published in PNAS reveals that half of the iron in banded iron formations originated from ancient bacteria metabolizing iron two and a half billion years ago. The findings provide new insights into the evolution of our planet and the origins of life, with significant implications for fields like mining and astrobiology.
A recent study by Sam Houston State University professor Melinda Tasca found that two-thirds of children who visited a parent in prison experienced fear, anger, and anxiety. The study suggests that institutional environment and parent-child relationship are key factors shaping children's responses to prison visitation.
A new study suggests that restricting specific antibiotics could lead to an increased frequency of multi-drug resistance. The study found that using restricted antibiotics can facilitate the spread of resistant pathogens, despite potential short-term benefits in treatment effectiveness.
Scientists at University College London have designed a chemical compound called MM41 that targets quadruplexes, faulty genes found in pancreatic cancers. The compound reduced tumor growth by 80% and prevented regrowth in mice, showing promise for treating pancreatic cancer.
Researchers developed an electrochemical platform to measure DNMT1 activity, a protein linked to cancerous transformation, in crude tissue samples. The technique shows promise for early detection of colorectal cancer with high sensitivity and minimal invasion.
The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) has updated its guidance on testing, managing, and treating hepatitis C virus (HCV). The new recommendations focus on direct-acting antiviral drugs, which have shown high efficacy in curing HCV. With these updates, millions of Americans living with chronic HCV may now hav...
Researchers at Temple University School of Medicine discovered that calcium uptake by mitochondria is essential for the heart to beat faster and harder during stress. The study found that during a heart attack, increased calcium uptake leads to cell death, but in normal conditions, it has little impact on metabolic function.
Researchers have identified a fusion gene in poppy plants that facilitates important steps in the plant's morphine-producing pathway. The findings complete the metabolic pathway for morphine, enabling the production of the economically important drug without the need for cultivating poppy fields.
A Dartmouth-led study suggests that some forestlands may be more valuable without trees, as snow-covered ground can act as a natural mirror to cool the climate. The research highlights the importance of surface reflectivity in forests and its impact on climate change.
A new study by TSRI researchers provides a higher-resolution view of the Ebola virus life cycle, revealing key vulnerabilities that can be targeted with antiviral therapeutics. The findings also shed light on how the virus assembles its genetic material, which is critical for understanding its structure-based design.
Scientists developed a technique to enhance nanoparticle signals using an optical microcavity, achieving near fundamental diffraction limit resolution. This enables the study of individual nanoparticles' optical properties, promising potential breakthroughs in biology, chemistry, and nanoscience.
A mid-level solar flare was observed by NASA's SDO on June 25, 2015, reaching a magnitude of M7.9. The event has the potential to disturb the atmosphere, affecting GPS and communications signals.
Researchers have discovered a new insight into glacier behavior, revealing the rapid movement of glaciers backward and downward during calving events. This phenomenon helps scientists measure glacier calving remotely and improve sea-level rise predictions.
A UCLA study found that long-acting injectable risperidone significantly reduces symptoms of schizophrenia, especially in recently diagnosed patients. The medication showed better adherence and efficacy compared to daily oral pills, with only 5% experiencing symptom return within a year.
Researchers discovered differences in brain inflammation between people with Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease alone. The study found higher levels of inflammatory markers M2b in Down syndrome-related Alzheimer's, highlighting the need for tailored treatments.
A new study provides the first detailed view of calling blue and fin whale distribution in Southern California, revealing a steady population trend for blue whales and an upward trend for fin whales. The research uses acoustic data collected from 2006-2012, indicating that fin whales are more likely to be detected further offshore.
Researchers at Stanford University have created an artificial crystal with a variable band gap using molybdenum disulfide, a material that can be stretched without breaking. This could lead to the development of more efficient solar cells that absorb energy from a broader spectrum of light.
Researchers at RIKEN discovered that photons exhibit a quantum spin Hall effect, leading to unusual properties and topological phenomena. This finding has implications for the development of optical devices and materials science.
A new report by Global Health Strategies highlights the dramatic health and economic benefits from investing in combating neglected tropical diseases. Countries are increasingly taking ownership of NTD programs, achieving substantial progress with innovative approaches. To reach WHO's 2020 targets, further scale-up is necessary.
A Drexel University study found that a high-quality appetizer can decrease the appreciation for a subsequent main dish. The researchers discovered this effect by comparing subjects' hedonic responses to pasta aglio e olio after consuming either a good or mediocre bruschetta appetizer.
A UCL-led study has found that a small molecule drug, trametinib, can delay the ageing process in animals, including fruit flies. The treated fruit flies lived 12% longer than average, staying healthier for longer.
A new UCLA study uses brain scans to identify patients with OCD who are more likely to relapse after cognitive-behavioral therapy. The research found that brain connectivity before treatment can predict worsening symptoms after treatment.
Northwestern University professor Fengqi You uses life-cycle analysis to make the production more environmentally and economically friendly. By restructuring the supply chain, he found that a network of pipelines can transport freshwater and shale gas, reducing trucks and exhaust emissions.
Electrical engineers have developed a method to increase the distance information can travel in fiber optic cables without distorting the signal. By using wideband frequency combs, they can predict and reversible crosstalk between communication channels, enabling longer transmission distances and cheaper networks.
Leading doctors and academics call for divestment from fossil fuel companies, citing the need to prevent runaway climate change and unprecedented harm to global health. The authors argue that shareholder engagement is ineffective in switching dependence on fossil fuels with renewables.
A third of patients reported using email to contact their doctors, while 18% used Facebook for the same purpose. Patients aged 25-44 were most likely to use these tools, with a desire to fill prescriptions also evident.
Researchers have developed a new tool that uses phylogenetic profiling to identify genes associated with genetic diseases and cancer. This approach can be used to analyze genes within the same network as known disease-related genes, such as BRCA1, and predict their biological functions.
A new online computer game has been shown to help people control their snacking impulses and lose weight, with participants losing an average of 0.7kg and consuming around 220 fewer calories a day. The game trains people to associate calorie-dense foods with 'stopping', reducing how much food they eat in laboratory tests.
University of Tokyo researchers created a single-step printing process to form highly conductive and stretchable connections on textiles. The ink, made of silver flakes, organic solvent, fluorine rubber, and fluorine surfactant, exhibited high conductivity even when stretched three times its original length.