A computational model predicts the development and progression of pressure ulcers in spinal cord injury patients. The model validated by virtual clinical trials shows that anti-inflammatory measures must be applied early to prevent ulcer formation.
Researchers argue that current diagnosis methods for depression are flawed and that understanding 'normal' emotional responses can help inform clinical practice. Increased interaction between fundamental emotion research and practitioner training is necessary to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment of emotional disorders.
Researchers developed targeted nanoparticles that deliver existing drugs directly into parasite cells, reducing the curative dose by 100-fold and circumventing drug resistance. This high-tech approach has the potential to reverse resistance to many first-line treatments for infectious diseases.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine have developed an experimental gene transfer-based treatment to deliver a missing gene into the cerebrospinal fluid of children with GAN. The treatment approach uses a genetically modified virus to deliver the gigaxonin gene, which is expected to pave the way for treatments for other related diseases.
A new point-of-care EVD test has been shown to be faster and as sensitive as a conventional laboratory-based method, detecting the virus in just a small drop of blood. The rapid diagnostic test could help identify case contacts and ultimately curb Ebola's spread by quickly confirming or ruling out cases.
In a commentary published in The New England Journal of Medicine, two experts argue that lifting federal funding bans for needle exchange programs is crucial to protect the health of injection drug users. Needle exchanges can significantly reduce HIV transmission by providing clean needles and promoting opioid replacement therapies.
A Yale University study found that an arthritis medication restored skin color in a vitiligo patient after just two months of treatment. The patient experienced partial repigmentation on her face, arms, and hands, with nearly all white spots gone after five months.
Astronomers have discovered a colossal cloud of hydrogen dispersing from the warm, Neptune-sized planet Gliese 436b. The enormous gaseous tail is about 50 times the size of its parent star and may offer clues on how hot super-Earths form around other stars.
The Bulletin of Atomic Scientists has received a two-year grant to support a museum display about nuclear energy and workshops to improve public science communication. The grant will also help establish emerging experts in communicating complex scientific concepts to policy leaders and the general public.
A new study has definitively identified the head of a 500-million-year-old creature, revealing a ring of teeth and simple eyes. The discovery helps scientists reconstruct the common ancestor of ecdysozoans, a group including insects, spiders, and crustaceans.
Scientists have developed a rapid method to distinguish between left- and right-handed molecules in a mixture, offering potential breakthroughs in drug development and disease diagnosis. The Mass-Selected PhotoElectron Circular Dichroism technique can identify molecule handedness with high accuracy, even in complex mixtures.
AGU researchers explore the impact of the Sabah earthquake on sediment production and river systems in Malaysia, while also discussing improved predictions for Arctic sea ice extent. The findings highlight the urgent need to better understand and predict these natural phenomena.
New UCLA research reveals that vitamin B12 can lead to pimple-prone skin by changing the activity of facial bacteria. This finding may help identify new treatments for acne by targeting specific mechanisms in the skin. The study, published in Science Translational Medicine, sheds light on one key role that B12 plays in acne development.
The Mediterranean loggerhead and green turtle populations are threatened by human-induced threats, with a bycatch rate of up to 200,000 loggerheads per year. Researchers emphasize the importance of rescue centers and first-aid stations, calling for improved communication and collaboration among existing centers.
Scientists developed a computer model that studies ocean mixing in vast eddies, clarifying the complex processes driving ocean storms. The model enables researchers to study heat and carbon fluxes into the deep ocean, increasing global climate simulation accuracy.
Researchers used camera traps to monitor the behavior of dwarf porcupines in the Lower Urubamba Region of Peru, revealing that they are unable to leap across canopy gaps. The study also showed that these small mammals have a strong affinity for natural canopy bridges, which provided them with access to resources on both sides.
The European Society of Cardiology has published first-ever recommendations for managing cardiac arrhythmias in patients with chronic kidney disease. The guidelines emphasize the importance of considering renal impairment when choosing antiarrhythmic strategies, drugs, and anticoagulants.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a new power scheduling technique that coordinates energy produced and stored by conventional and renewable sources. The approach replaces traditional centralized management with decentralized, distributed computing, enabling more efficient and secure energy distribution.
A new Stanford University School of Medicine study found that cystic fibrosis is more deadly for Hispanic than non-Hispanic patients, with almost three times the mortality rate. Despite equal access to CF specialty clinics, genetic differences may be contributing to this disparity.
The Vietnam Ministry of Health recognized Boston University School of Medicine for advancing hospital nutrition in Vietnam through education, clinical service, and research. A three-prong approach led by Carine Lenders and Elizabeth Henry improved outcomes and educated medical professionals about the importance of nutrition.
A digital map of the ageing brain could aid diagnosis by comparing patients' scans with a detailed map of the healthy ageing brain. The atlas was able to pinpoint changes in brain structure that can be an underlying sign of early Alzheimer's disease.
A study led by Duke University researchers found that parrots have distinct brain regions, called 'shells,' that are involved in vocal learning and may contribute to their ability to imitate human speech. The study also suggests that the shells may be responsible for the species' exceptional vocal mimicry abilities.
Researchers at UCF developed a technique for creating the world's first full-color, flexible thin-film reflective display inspired by nature. The new method reflects ambient light and can be controlled by voltage, offering potential implications for various electronics and whole new categories of displays.
Research suggests minority children are less likely to receive help for disabilities than similarly placed white children, due to greater risk factor exposure. This disparity affects the odds of identification as learning disabled, intellectual impaired, or having emotional disturbances.
Researchers use ALMA to observe dust contents of galaxies at redshift 5-6, revealing a new evolutionary stage. Average-sized galaxies contain less dust than expected, suggesting a previously unseen transition from gas to the first generation of galaxies.
A national survey found that patients are interested in using email and Facebook to manage their health, but few actually do so. Only 7% of respondents use their physicians' websites to access their own health information, highlighting a disconnect between patient interest and current institutional practices.
A unique consensus paper on patient preferences for arrhythmias management emphasizes the importance of education and shared decision-making. The document highlights patients' concerns, such as stroke prevention and bleeding risks, and recommends tailored information and incorporation of patient preferences into management decisions.
A new dinosaur, Sefapanosaurus, has been discovered in South Africa with distinctive features such as a cross-shaped ankle bone. The fossil, found in the late 1930s, provides insight into transitional early sauropodomorph dinosaurs roaming southern Africa.
Researchers found that norepinephrine enhances the ability of neurons to code for complex sounds by decreasing background noise firing. This mechanism is separate from estradiol's effects and provides new insights into neuromodulator interactions and auditory processing.
Scientists at the Institut Pasteur sequenced three distinct Ebola virus variants co-circulating in Guinea, with each variant defined by unique mutations affecting viral proteins. The study highlights the genetic diversity of the viruses circulating in Guinea during the epidemic's spread and will aid in optimizing treatments and vaccines.
Researchers have successfully created graphene biosensors that can selectively bind to specific molecules, allowing for precise detection and control. This breakthrough enables the development of inexpensive 'lab-on-a-chip' devices for medical diagnostics, promising a significant impact on healthcare.
Rapidly turning lovebirds execute extremely fast head turns when their wings cover their eyes, shortening blurry phases and maintaining stable vision. This super-fast behavior allows them to make split-second decisions during maneuvers.
Scientists have revealed the Antarctic region is rich in species, with diverse ecosystems and micro-organismal life. The study highlights the need for comprehensive protection of the Ross Sea and improved conservation efforts to preserve this unique biodiversity.
Researchers have identified a new species of Yeti Crab, Kiwa tyleri, found in the Antarctic region surrounding hydrothermal vent systems. This unique crab thrives in extreme environments with temperatures and densities that are challenging for other marine life.
A study found that compounds in New Zealand blackcurrants increased mental performance indicators such as accuracy and attention, while also reducing the activity of monoamine oxidase enzymes. This may lead to potential benefits for brain health and managing symptoms of disorders like Parkinson's disease and depression.
A team at Harvard's Wyss Institute discovered that bacteriostatic antibiotics slow down oxygen consumption, reducing cellular respiration and making bacteria tolerant. This can explain why certain antibiotic therapies fail. The findings provide a new strategy for developing urgently needed therapeutics.
The Louisiana State University Biomedical Research Network has received a $18.5 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to support biomedical research, faculty development, and infrastructure improvements. The program aims to increase the biomedical workforce in Louisiana and create a pipeline of future research scientists.
A new study from Arizona State University has revealed the causes of stress-corrosion cracking in metal alloys, leading to a deeper understanding of how to design crack-resistant materials. The research team's findings suggest that certain metals can fracture at high speeds, threatening the mechanical integrity of critical infrastructure.
A new US study reveals that end-stage kidney disease patients who receive specialized care have significantly improved survival rates and access to life-saving treatment. The research highlights the importance of timely referrals to nephrologists in reducing mortality risks, particularly in low-performing regions.
A multicenter, double-blind study found that sTMS therapy was significantly more effective than sham for treatment-naive and treatment-resistant patients with MDD, achieving a clinical response rate of 34.2%. The device also showed an attractive safety profile, with no significant adverse events.
Researchers found elevated cytokine levels in blood and brain of individuals with suicidality, distinguishing them from non-suicidal patients. This study contributes to understanding the role of immune system dysfunction in major psychiatric disorders, potentially leading to more personalized medicine.
Tropical Depression Kujira made landfall in northeastern Vietnam on June 24, as NASA's Aqua satellite captured visible images of the storm. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center reported the storm's weakened maximum sustained winds of 30 knots.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory developed segmented, screw-like spikes to improve material bonding in industrial coatings and 3-D printing. The new structure, mimicking marine sponge spines, offers a stronger internal structure lasting longer than previous approaches.
A new study suggests that vaccinated people who are infectious but symptom-free may be transmitting whooping cough multiple times throughout their lives, exacerbating the outbreak. The research highlights the importance of getting vaccinated, especially for children, as the primary source of protection against severe disease and death.
Astronomers detect faint radio signals of ionized carbon in distant galaxies, suggesting these ancient systems were less chemically evolved than expected. The findings reveal that even normal-sized galaxies in the early Universe can exist, but with lower dust concentrations and higher velocities.
A new study finds that having a supportive best friend can positively contribute to resilience and self-reliance in young people from disadvantaged backgrounds. The research also reveals significant gender differences in how boys and girls cope with adversity through their friendships.
A tiny tooth plate fossil, dated to over 40 years of neglect, has revealed new insights into the earliest origins of teeth in vertebrates. The study's findings suggest that teeth evolved from body scales in primitive fishes, pushing back their origin on the evolutionary tree.
Researchers from the University of Southampton and international partners discovered glowing corals with a range of fluorescent colours in deep waters of the Red Sea. The team hopes that these pigments could be developed into new imaging tools for medical applications.
A new polymer-piezoelectric hybrid material has been designed to perform computations based on changes in the environment or movement, potentially responding to human vital signs. The material system is small and flexible, allowing it to be integrated into fabrics or shoes.
Researchers at Wayne State University aim to determine contaminant prevalence in urban agriculture soil, identify risk factors and develop guidance for safe and sustainable gardening. The project will provide urgently needed information on physical, chemical and biological contamination in urban agricultural environments.
A MU researcher team assessed 16 nursing homes' HIE readiness and found most used technology within the home, not to communicate with external units. The researchers developed a more integrated system to streamline communication and identify key players' needs.
Astronomers have discovered a massive cloud of hydrogen, dubbed 'The Behemoth,' evaporating from a warm Neptune-sized planet orbiting a nearby star. The phenomenon may help explain the existence of Hot Super-Earths and provide insights into how planets lose their outer layers.
Stem cell transplantation has been shown to accelerate healing in laboratory rats with severe burns. The treatment uses bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which enhanced local blood supply, modulated the immune system, and secreted growth factors with anti-inflammatory properties.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute are accelerating development of anti-diabetic compounds, focusing on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors gamma (PPARG) and overcoming glitazone safety concerns. The new grant aims to inform clinical development and assess effects on bone.
The study provides a powerful tool for guiding strain design and protocol optimization, facilitating the development of next-generation biofuels. It elucidates the complex system-level orchestration of metabolic reactions, gene regulation, and environmental cues during clostridial ABE fermentation.
Research presented at EHRA EUROPACE - CARDIOSTIM 2015 found that uninterrupted NOAC therapy during catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation was not associated with periprocedural bleeding or thromboembolic complications. The study included 549 patients and showed similar results for continued NOACs versus vitamin K antagonists.
A meta-analysis published in The BMJ found that women who experience a stillbirth have up to a fourfold increased risk of stillbirth in a second pregnancy. Pregnancies should be closely monitored, and antenatal interventions offered for women at high risk. Improved care and research are needed to address this major public health concern.
A study examining cesarean section delivery and autism spectrum disorder found an initial association between the two, but further analysis of sibling pairs revealed no causal link. The study suggests that unknown genetic or environmental factors may contribute to the increased risk of both cesarean section and autism spectrum disorder.
Researchers found that weight loss in combination with vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced chronic inflammation. The study, which involved over 200 postmenopausal women, showed that those who lost 5-10% of their baseline weight saw a 37% reduction in inflammatory biomarkers compared to the placebo group.
Researchers have identified a key mechanism behind diabetes-related heart damage and developed a potential treatment strategy. By targeting the movement of sugar molecules and enzymes inside heart cells, they were able to restore normal function in diabetic rat hearts.