Research by University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center reveals adolescent and young adult leukemia survivors have shorter life spans than those without cancer. The study found inferior long-term mortality outcomes persist even decades after treatment, impacting quality of life and overall survival.
Adolescent and young adult leukemia survivors experience lower long-term survival compared to the general population, with age and sex influencing outcomes. Long-term mortality risks persist for up to 30 years after diagnosis, primarily due to late side effects from treatment.
Researchers at the University of Bern have identified how the brain processes emotions during dream sleep. During REM sleep, the brain favors the discrimination of safety versus danger in the dendrites, but blocks the over-reaction to emotion, particularly danger. This decoupling is essential for optimizing survival and stability.
Adults aged 45-64 experienced a nearly doubled rate of esophageal cancer and a 50% increase in Barrett's esophagus between 2012 and 2019. Researchers recommend more frequent screening for middle-aged patients with multiple risk factors.
The world's first rapid testing facility for tidal turbine blades has opened, aiming to speed up development of marine energy technologies while reducing costs. The £4.6 million FastBlade facility uses powerful hydraulic cylinders to simulate stresses on blades over two decades in under three months.
Researchers from Max Planck Institute have determined the 3D structural details of the human CCAN complex, highlighting its unique features and implications for interactions with centromere protein A. This discovery raises fundamental questions about creating artificial chromosomes.
Researchers from the University of Tsukuba discovered a mechanism for the transfer of antibiotic resistance among Staphylococcus aureus bacteria through natural transformation. The study found that biofilm formation promotes horizontal gene transfer, which can lead to the spread of methicillin resistance.
A study from the University of Birmingham and National Institutes of Health found that antibiotics can lead to fungal infections by disrupting the gut's immune system. Using immune-boosting drugs alongside antibiotics may reduce health risks associated with these complex infections.
A study of 2.3 million patient records found that antibiotic use was associated with a higher risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease in seniors, particularly those who received multiple courses. The risk increased substantially with each course of antibiotics prescribed.
A new lymphoma treatment, zanubrutinib, has been found to be effective in 80% of patients with marginal zone lymphoma, resulting in significant cancer shrinkage. However, its impact on follicular lymphoma is less pronounced.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have developed a waterproof coating called Choetsu that adds strength to paper, making it a viable alternative to plastic. The coating, made from safe and low-cost chemicals, also has photocatalytic activity, protecting against dirt and bacteria.
Researchers have untangled the intricate physics and neural controls that enable dragonflies to right themselves while falling. They found that vision plays a key role in initiating the righting reflex, which triggers a series of reflexes that send neural signals to the wings.
A study of 856 individuals found that those living over 50 miles from an abortion facility were still seeking or planning an abortion four weeks later. The research suggests that online abortion services may not adequately address rural access issues, resulting in delayed or foregone care.
A new study from Pennington Biomedical Research Center found that FGF21 is critical for extending lifespan and improving metabolic health in mice fed a low-protein diet. Without FGF21, mice fail to adapt to the diet and exhibit detrimental effects on health.
Researchers at Wayne State University developed a novel technique to measure the age of male sperm, finding a link between sperm epigenetic aging and pregnancy outcomes. The study suggests that older sperm can be associated with lower pregnancy success rates and shorter gestation periods.
A study published in the Journal of Surgical Research found that e-cigarette explosions caused 15 traumatic injuries in children between 2016 and 2019. The devices' use of inferior quality batteries prone to explosion puts users at risk of severe injuries, including burn wounds, jaw fractures, and eye damage.
A study published in the Australian Journal of Psychology found that people with certain mental health conditions, such as schizophrenia and depression, may display behaviors that are commonly associated with deception. These behaviors, including gaze aversion and flat affect, can lead to unfair judgments in the criminal justice system...
Researchers at the University of Göttingen discovered an unknown group of marine eustigmatophyte algae that produces distinctive lipids, allowing for the reconstruction of summer sea surface temperatures. The Long chain Diol Index provides a novel climate proxy based on these lipids.
Researchers at Heidelberg University discovered that malaria parasites form rotating vortices in infected salivary glands, showcasing emergent behavior and fluctuating size. The study's findings have implications for understanding the physics of collectives and potentially disrupting sporozoite movement.
Two projects aim to vaccinate 40,000 and 60,000 people in Ethiopia against cholera, using the OCV vaccine developed by IVI. The mass vaccination campaign will also establish a disease monitoring system to strengthen local public health capabilities.
Research suggests gallstone disease may be an early indicator of pancreatic cancer, with patients having gallstones nearly six times more likely to develop the disease. This association could lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment, potentially improving survival rates for pancreatic cancer patients.
Researchers found that people who showed more signs of stress were perceived as being more stressed and also more likeable by others. This suggests that humans have evolved to display stress signals to evoke positive social interactions.
Researchers have created a hybrid Dirac semimetal photodetector that captures low-energy photons with high sensitivity and efficiency. The device features excellent environmental stability and can generate photocurrent across a wide spectral regime.
Researchers developed a flexible, multi-tasking sensor that can measure rain volume and wind speed in real-time, enabling the creation of local weather maps. The sensor features a superhydrophobic silicone sheet and reservoir computing analysis, making it an economical approach to weather reporting.
Despite significant operating margin reductions in 2020, hospitals' overall profit margins remained similar to prior years, thanks to the COVID-19 relief fund. Government and rural hospitals saw higher profit margins during this time.
A new mouse model study found that stress and depression can increase heart disease risk by preventing the beneficial effects of cholesterol-lowering medications. The research suggests that chronic stress can mediate epigenetic changes that make bone marrow precursors more inflammatory, leading to increased plaque formation.
The study found that variability in input leads to better generalization of learned concepts, with relevance being key. Researchers also discovered four types of variability affecting learning, including set size and scheduling, with the 'Mr. Miyagi principle' suggesting unrelated skills can benefit from practice.
The study introduces a promising strategy for chip-integrated photodetectors by integrating van der Waals PN heterojunctions of 2D materials on optical waveguides. This approach enables low dark current, high responsivity, and fast speed, while simplifying fabrication processes and reducing costs.
Researchers have developed a novel biomaterial that promotes immune tolerance and allows islets to survive after transplant without the need for long-term immunosuppression. This breakthrough enables patients with type 1 diabetes to control their blood sugar levels without lifelong medication.
A new study reveals massive variations in hospice medication prescriptions, with treatment agency being the primary factor. Patients in agencies with high prescription rates were up to 50 times more likely to receive benzodiazepines or antipsychotics.
A study finds that an acquisition by an alliance partner can either destroy or create alliance value depending on the business similarity between the firm and acquired company. The strength of the relation between the firms also plays a crucial role in determining the outcome.
The article discusses the advantages of using SiC MOSFETs in power converters, including high efficiency, power density, and fast switching speeds. Researchers have developed novel control technologies, such as SCC and ICBT methodologies, to improve the performance of SiC MOSFETs in medium-voltage applications, enabling their adoption ...
Researchers from Texas A&M University developed a 3D-printed shape memory alloy with superior tensile superelasticity, nearly doubling the maximum reported in literature. The study used laser powder bed fusion to fabricate defect-free nickel-titanium parts with increased superelasticity.
The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration has captured the first direct visual evidence of a supermassive black hole at the centre of our galaxy. The image reveals a dark central region surrounded by a bright ring-like structure, indicating the presence of a massive object four million times more massive than our Sun.
Researchers at University of Missouri, Georgia Tech and Harvard University have successfully demonstrated a new Type 1 diabetes treatment in large animal models. By transplanting pancreatic islet cells with a molecule called FasL, they prevent rogue immune cells from destroying the transplanted cells.
A new study has identified genomic modifications in the transgenic papaya 'SunUp', which was developed to resist the papaya ringspot virus. The researchers used advanced sequencing technologies to read long stretches of DNA and found that the insertion did not cause any change in gene expression.
Researchers have developed a novel terahertz imaging technique that enables sub-wavelength resolution without approaching the sample, overcoming sample damage and distance limitations. The new method uses an air-plasma dynamic aperture to modulate THz beam intensity on a sample surface.
A recent study published in Journal of the American Pharmacists Association found that pharmacists are at a higher risk of suicide compared to the general population, with a rate of 20 per 100,000 pharmacists versus 12 per 100,000 in the general population.
Research from Washington University in St. Louis found that counties with a higher proportion of white residents have stronger anti-Black/pro-white attitudes, leading to larger disparities in traffic stops. The study suggests that racial demographics are a more reliable predictor of traffic stop discrepancies than racial biases.
Researchers used bacteriophages to treat a young cystic fibrosis patient's antibiotic-resistant mycobacterial lung infection, resulting in a successful lung transplant. The treatment cleared the infection and allowed the patient to discontinue all treatment, living a normal life.
A study analyzing over 11,000 medical records found Hispanic patients with chest pain face unwarranted delays in emergency care. Language barriers, cultural values, immigration status, and inadequate healthcare professionals contribute to these disparities.
The COVID-19 relief fund effectively offset financial losses for hospitals during the pandemic, with overall profit margins remaining similar to previous years. Government and rural hospitals generated higher profit margins in 2020 compared to prior years.
Researchers found that a single mRNA vaccine booster shot can provide the same level of protection as three doses, making it a promising investment for resource-poor countries. The study suggests that this strategy could benefit billions of people worldwide and help combat emerging COVID-19 variants.
A new study by Dr. Marin Marinov at Aston University proposes three solutions to make train commuting less stressful: purchasing tickets on smartphones, removing ticket gates and installing sensors, and implementing one-way flow systems in station concourses. These changes could reduce queuing times and promote social distancing.
Researchers investigated the impact of seasonal variations in methanogenic and methanotrophic communities on CH4 emissions in wetlands. They identified a keystone species that plays a pivotal role in mediating CH4 fluxes, providing substantial evidence for understanding microbial driving mechanisms.
A study of over 6,000 franchises in South Korea found that terminating contract with a wayward franchisee can decrease profitability initially but leads to recovery in two years. Young, rapidly growing chains benefit more from ending contracts compared to mature, slow-growing chains.
A new machine-learning tool can speed up the diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis by identifying patients up to 4 years prior to a clinician's diagnosis. The tool, PredictAI, analyzed medical records and accurately identified 32-51% of confirmed PsA patients.
Researchers found that expanding common medical abbreviations in patient health records significantly improves comprehension, suggesting a solution to decode difficult-to-understand medical information. The study's results have implications for improving patient understanding and care.
A new cobalt-based single-atomic catalyst was developed with improved stability and fuel cell performance, surpassing conventional catalysts by 40%. The spray pyrolysis method using an industrial humidifier enabled mass production, overcoming previous limitations.
Leicester researchers developed an Opioid Toolkit to reduce non-cancer pain opioids prescribed by 2024. The tool provides a theory and evidence-based approach to implementing the NHS' goal, balancing workload with patient support.
Researchers found microbes influence which genes are used for fat digestion and absorption, leading to changes in epithelial cells. The study also showed microbes promote lipid absorption and impact systemic processes like weight gain.
Researchers develop 'Chemical logic systems' (CLSs) that can process information from light, sound, and atmospheric oxygen to execute desired outcomes. CLS-1 exhibits AND logic-gate response towards three inputs, while CLS-2 displays fast reversible dissolution of a peptide-based assembly in response to blue light irradiation.
Recent advances in neuroimaging technology show promise in helping tES to effectively treat visual hallucinations (VH) in psychiatric disorders. These advances, combined with individualized modeling techniques and advanced electrical field modeling, may provide a sound foundation for subsequent research on using VH.
A randomized clinical trial found that expanding common medical abbreviations increased overall comprehension, suggesting automated expansion can enhance patient understanding of their health information. Researchers observed significant improvements in patient comprehension after the expansion of 10 common medical abbreviations.
Conservation efforts have made progress along the African east coast, but tens of thousands of sea turtles still die each year. The study highlights the importance of local knowledge and community engagement in turtle conservation.
A new biomaterial-based technique has improved islet transplants for type 1 diabetes treatment by inducing permanent immune acceptance. The microgels educate the immune system to accept the graft, making it possible to regulate blood glucose levels without chronic immunosuppression.
New research found that seeking ideas and perspectives from fellow group members can boost collective action among racial and ethnic minorities. Positive everyday experiences with fellow minority group members are a key driver of collective action, contrary to the focus on unjust treatment.
A team of scientists has developed an optoelectronic NIR-to-visible upconversion device with a linear response, fast dynamics, and low excitation power. The device exhibits intensity-temperature sensitivity and spectrum-temperature sensitivity, enabling spatially resolved thermal sensing and applications in biomedical diagnostics.
Researchers find NLRP3 protein forms filament that grows in one direction, allowing for targeted treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. The discovery could potentially stop inflammation at the 'growing end', bringing relief to those suffering from conditions like Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes have developed a novel class of therapeutics called feedback disruptors that target viral proteins' negative feedback loops. These drugs break the genetic feedback circuits, causing infected cells to self-destruct and stopping infection in its tracks.