The study reveals a new pathway to develop lead-free ferroelectric materials with strong piezoelectric properties. The novel hybrid improper ferroelectric material combines rotation and tilting of oxygen octahedra to produce polarization, enabling the creation of powerful piezoelectric systems.
Three pre-Columbian South American mummies found evidence of lethal trauma, with two males dying from extreme intentional violence. The study used 3D CT scans to examine the mummies and provide new insights into the rate of trauma and violent deaths in prehistoric human societies.
A new study led by the University of Miami Rosenstiel School found that artificially cooling oceans to weaken hurricanes is a futile solution due to its high energy requirements and minimal benefits. The research suggests focusing on adaptation strategies such as reinforcing infrastructure and improving evacuation procedures instead.
Scientists have discovered a slowing of continental plate movement was the critical event that enabled magma to rise to the surface and deliver devastating knock-on impacts. This fundamental process controlled the evolution of climate and life on Earth throughout its history.
Late-breaking results at ESMO Congress 2022 reveal a strong association between air pollution and non-small cell lung cancer, with exposure to particulate matter linked to increased risk. The research underscores the need for environmental sustainability in oncology, particularly in cancer prevention and early detection.
The study reveals that donkeys were first domesticated in Africa 5,000 years ago, with a previously unknown genetic lineage discovered in the Levant. This discovery has significant implications for understanding the history of trade between Europe and North Africa.
Researchers at University of Illinois Chicago developed a method to convert 100% of captured carbon dioxide into ethylene, producing hydrocarbons with high purity. The process uses electrolysis and can recycle almost all carbon dioxide captured, making it carbon negative when powered by renewable energy.
Researchers have developed a new safety system for CAR-T cells, called VIPER CAR-T cells, that can be turned on or off. This allows doctors to target cancer more aggressively while minimizing side effects. The new system uses an FDA-approved antiviral drug to control the cell's activity.
Researchers at Princeton University have discovered a biosynthetic pathway that incorporates selenium into microbial small molecules, marking the first time such atoms have been uncovered in natural products. This breakthrough suggests that selenium may have a more important biological role in bacteria than previously assumed.
A new study found that Americans support multilateral military interventions and prioritize peaceful conflict resolution, with a strong preference for protecting civilians. The research also revealed concerns about the legitimacy of US intervention were more important than cost and success.
Researchers from Hiroshima University have identified two types of genes that are upregulated in both rice and thale cress when exposed to oxygen deprivation. The study suggests distinct molecular mechanisms under hypoxia in plants and animals, with potential applications for creating flood-tolerant crops.
A study of 2.4 million Medicare beneficiaries found that those enrolled in Medicare Advantage had lower rates of low-value care, including unnecessary tests and treatments. This study highlights the potential benefits of Medicare Advantage plans in reducing waste in healthcare.
A study by researchers at MSU, Northwestern, Notre Dame and NYU found that gender-balanced teams produced significantly more novel and impactful scientific work compared to unbalanced teams. Teams with an equal number of men and women had the highest likelihood of novel and impactful results.
Researchers developed a predictive test to assess asthma risk in babies, allowing for preventive treatments and potentially bypassing disease development. The test identifies a network controlled by the IRF1 gene that drives an exaggerated inflammatory response in children who develop asthma.
A new simulation suggests that gravitational interactions, not over-eating, are responsible for the Milky Way Galaxy's peanut-shaped and nuclear bulges. The study reveals a clear break in star ages between the two types of bulges, indicating when the bar formed.
Researchers found climate models are less accurate in projecting how tropical cyclones will affect individual coral reefs, highlighting the importance of targeted conservation efforts. The study urges caution when using climate models to identify vulnerable reef communities to storm damage.
A new study compares the proteomes of skin cells from 11 mammals, revealing protein variation that drives biological diversity and may explain cancer resistance. The researchers found that some proteins are more variable between species than within, suggesting they play key roles in mammalian evolution.
A Phase 3 clinical trial is enrolling adults and children with monkeypox infection in the US to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tecovirimat (TPOXX). The trial aims to gather data on lesion healing, pain scores, disease progression, and safety.
Researchers found avian neurons consume three times less glucose than mammalian neurons due to smaller size and efficient energy usage. This surprising finding sheds light on the evolution of intelligent bird brains.
The National Multiple Sclerosis Society awards Kessler Foundation a five-year grant to continue the long-running MS Fellowship in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation program. The grant provides funding for postdoctoral fellows to work on rehabilitation research projects.
The study found that pandemic federal programs, including grab-and-go school meals and the Pandemic EBT (P-EBT) program, reached over 30 million children and provided nearly 1.5 billion meals in 2020. The programs helped low-income families access nutritious food during a critical time when schools were closed due to COVID-19.
A new study from the University of Kansas found that racial and ethnic minority populations in the US faced unique challenges while seeking COVID-19 information online, including misinformation, harassment, and hostility. Younger and healthier individuals were more resistant to vaccination due to lower perceived risk and benefit.
Researchers propose using precision data from upcoming experiments to test the cosmological collider effect and unravel the mystery of matter's origin. They suggest that leptogenesis, a well-known mechanism, could be used to explain the imbalance between matter and antimatter in the early universe.
Researchers analyzed the knowledge of chemical space between 1800 and 1869 to discover how well the periodic table corresponds to the chemical data at its formulation. They found that the periodic table's basic structure was already encoded in space by the 1840s, two decades before its creation.
A study by Kyoto University and BonBon Inc found that complex games like Potion can measure distinct cognitive skills such as stealth behavior and abstract thinking in young players. However, older players did not exhibit the same level of engagement, challenging existing beliefs about gaming's impact on cognition.
A new analysis reveals that mandatory prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) do not significantly impact retail opioid sales across eight commonly prescribed opioids. The findings suggest that PDMP implementation is best considered as part of a broader policy response to the opioid crisis.
Researchers found two distinct populations of the invasive American bullfrog in Brazil, one descended from 1935 introductions and another from the 1970s. The study highlights the need for law enforcement to prevent escape from frog farms.
Researchers have made significant progress in designing and controlling continuum robots, which can be used for targeted therapy and precise control. However, challenges remain, including miniaturization, perception accuracy, and stable simulation engines.
A large international study of 156,000 people from 21 countries found that women have lower CVD risk than men, especially at younger ages. However, diet was more strongly associated with CVD risk in women than men, while high cholesterol and depression were more common risk factors for men.
A new study published in Earth Science Frontiers elucidates the role of nanopores in accumulating shale oil in the Gulong-Qingshankou reservoir in China. The research found that well-developed nanopores and nanofissures play a crucial role in storing shale oil, leading to a high source-reservoir ratio.
A new randomized, controlled trial demonstrates that Medasense's NOL monitoring during major abdominal surgery can reduce postoperative pain by 30% compared to standard care. The study found that personalized fentanyl dosing with NOL guidance leads to lower sympathetic activation and surgical stress, resulting in reduced PACU pain scores.
Research suggests that COVID-19 patients can transmit viruses with multiple genetic sequences simultaneously, which may impact the development of new variants. This complex sequence diversity highlights the need for continued research into the evolution and transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
A new study suggests that green hydrogen will likely supply less than 1% of global energy by 2035 due to supply bottlenecks. However, historic analogues indicate that emergency-like policy measures can drive unprecedented growth rates in energy technologies.
Financial literacy decreased in the US, with fewer people knowing objective financial knowledge, yet more believing they excel. This decline contradicts increasing overconfidence in financial abilities.
A new study found that individuals with low confidence in the importance of vaccination are five times more likely to remain unvaccinated. Rural areas and those with lower socioeconomic status also had higher prevalence of non-vaccination across all regions.
A team of researchers has designed in silico molecular probes to track the progress of a misbehaving protein linked to neurodegenerative diseases like ALS and FTD. The probes can detect TDP-43 aggregates at high resolution, paving the way for early diagnosis.
A new analysis reveals that the world is already at risk of passing five dangerous climate tipping points, even at current levels of global heating. The study synthesizes evidence from over 200 papers and identifies 16 major biophysical systems with potential to cross tipping points.
Researchers found that modern human brains produce more neurons than Neandertal brains, particularly in the frontal lobe, due to a single amino acid substitution in the TKTL1 protein. This increase is attributed to changes in metabolism and membrane lipid synthesis.
A new analysis of mentoring relationships in academic research reveals that gender inequities in resources available to women mentors may indirectly affect their trainees. Trainees with female mentors were less likely to become academic mentors themselves, a disparity reduced when accounting for institutional bias factors.
A clinical trial evaluating alternative strategies for administering the JYNNEOS monkeypox vaccine has begun enrolling adult volunteers. The trial aims to expand the vaccine supply and provide important information on immunogenicity, safety, and tolerability of alternative dosing approaches.
Scientists at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory have seen the critical interaction between SARS-CoV-2 protein Mpro and human immune system protein NEMO. The study reveals that Mpro can cut NEMO, slowing down the immune response and allowing the virus to evade the body.
Researchers explore the relationship between brand purpose and consumer eudaimonic well-being, finding that brands addressing key factors such as authenticity and commitment to purpose can secure positive outcomes. By incorporating purpose into their strategy, brands can foster a sense of fulfillment among consumers.
A new antiparasitic compound has shown 100% efficacy in eliminating T. cruzi, the parasite that causes Chagas disease, in mice and non-human primates. The treatment could provide a safer alternative to current medications with significant side effects and variable efficacy.
A UCD-led study found that 50% of people who developed schizophrenia and bipolar disorder had attended CAMHS in childhood, suggesting earlier intervention is key. The study highlights the possibility of intervening far earlier than present to prevent these illnesses.
Scientists found that weedy rice has developed herbicide resistance through gene flow from crop rice, with most fields showing resistant plants within 20 years of herbicide-resistant rice cultivation. This rapid evolution is due to the close proximity of weedy and crop rice in the same fields, allowing for pollen transfer and outcrossing.
Researchers found PTC pre-coagulation significantly improves organic matter removal and filtration quality of ceramic membranes. The study provides a high-effective pretreatment technology to enhance filtration performance and control membrane fouling.
Researchers find XAI methods improve AI performance and explain bias in data, enabling accurate applications like insurance decision-making. Implementing XAI helps manage power consumption and optimize AI systems for efficient Industry 4.0 growth.
A review of evidence found that 2-3% of monkeypox patients experienced severe complications such as seizure or encephalitis. Mood disorders like depression and anxiety were also common among infected individuals.
Using human stem cells, researchers investigated how the Ebola virus infects and damages the liver. The study found that major liver cell functions are compromised by Ebola virus infection and that the virus evades an early antiviral response, allowing it to replicate and cause damage.
Researchers found that RK-33 inhibits the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to replicate in host cells, making it a potential broad-spectrum antiviral agent. The study showed that RK-33's antiviral capability remains consistent across four SARS-CoV-2 variants.
City digital twin technology is used to create synthetic training data for deep learning models, which are then trained on a combination of real and synthetic data. This approach yields promising results for architectural segmentation tasks, particularly for modern building styles.
Research in Psychological Science found that super-recognizers process faces by dividing them into parts and storing composite images. They can recognize faces better than others even when only seeing smaller regions at a time.
Researchers found that bird neurons consume three times less glucose than mammalian neurons, allowing for high cognitive abilities and complex brain structures. This discovery sheds light on the evolutionary advantages of birds' brains.
Researchers analyzed eight ice caves in Tyrol, Styria, Upper Austria, and Carinthia, finding a decline in ice mass over the past 2000 years due to human-induced climate change. The study mirrors the evolution of glaciers during the Late Holocene period, with significant consequences for these underground ice formations.
Researchers at Boise State University and Argonne National Laboratory create high-performance battery electrode material with a unique crystalline structure. The material shows promise for fast charging and excellent storage capacity, potentially overcoming significant shortcomings in lithium-ion batteries.
Scientists demonstrate efficient and controllable emission of circularly polarized light from resonant metasurfaces. The high-purity light source has a directional output and is independent of excitation power.
Researchers at KIMS developed a highly active and durable non-precious metal catalyst and electrode material, and applied it to a commercial-size large-area multi-cell stack to achieve 75.6% hydrogen generation efficiency. The technology also showed 44 kWh of power consumption required to produce 1 kg of hydrogen.
Researchers have discovered young stars spiraling into the center of a massive cluster in the Small Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way. The spiral motion is thought to be feeding star formation in a river-like motion of gas and stars, an efficient way to fuel star birth.
A new three-year project explores how Outward Bound's programs promote character in different cultures and geographies. Researchers will analyze the commonalities and differences in Outward Bound Schools around the world to understand how outdoor experiential education builds character.
A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that COVID-19-associated hospitalizations among unvaccinated adults were significantly higher than those with booster doses. The study suggests continued vaccination efforts for eligible persons to mitigate hospitalization rates.