Researchers developed a more efficient process to apply CRISPR-Cas9 systems in human pluripotent stem cells, improving delivery efficiency by around 90% compared to plasmid DNA. The new approach also reduces off-target activity and allows for faster understanding of genetic disorders.
Researchers found that a common autism screening test consistently excludes more women than men from research studies, creating a 'leaky pipeline' for diagnosis and treatment. This bias is attributed to the test's origins in male-dominated samples, which may not accurately capture female phenotypes.
A new study published in Neurology found that most children with Bell's palsy recover within six months without medication. The research showed no significant impact of steroid prednisolone on child recovery from the condition.
The California Study on Violence Experiences across the Lifespan reveals that more than one in six Californians experienced physical or sexual violence in the past year. Demographic disparities highlight potential contributing factors exacerbated by the pandemic, including socioeconomic vulnerabilities and gendered nature of violence.
Researchers from the University of Queensland are conducting a three-year project to combat melanoma, focusing on stopping its progression to the brain and investigating its seeding in a neural environment. The team aims to develop new therapies to improve treatment outcomes for affected US troops and Australians.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies found a moderate association between antipsychotic use and an increased risk of breast cancer, estimated at over 30%. The study highlights the importance of risk-benefit assessment of antipsychotic prescription in high-risk patients.
A recent study found that hospitals partner with their automated hand hygiene monitoring system (AHHMS) vendor can achieve greater improvement in hand hygiene performance. The study analyzed data from 58 units in 10 hospitals across North America and found sustained increases in hand hygiene performance when the hospital worked collabo...
A new study reveals that density measurements separate rocky and water-rich exoplanets around red dwarf stars, suggesting a third population with 50% rock and 50% water composition. This discovery improves our understanding of small planet formation and evolution, paving the way for future searches for signs of life.
Researchers from Purdue University have proposed a method to generate entangled photons at extreme-ultraviolet wavelengths, enabling the tracking of electron dynamics on attosecond timescales. This could push the limits of measurement down to zeptoseconds, improving our understanding of atomic and molecular behavior.
Researchers developed a thin lens with a continuously tunable focal length to alleviate vergence-accommodation conflict in AR/VR devices. The Alvarez lens can change focus continuously within a large range while being compact and lightweight.
A new study found that early life exposure to antibiotics in neonatal mice has long-lasting effects on their microbiota, enteric nervous system, and gut function. This could mean that babies given antibiotics may experience gastrointestinal issues later in life.
A 12,000-year analysis of El Niño's impact on animal communities reveals a tipping point where five or more major events per century lead to dramatic changes in eastern Pacific ecosystems. This finding suggests that strong El Niño events will play an increasingly important role in shaping future ecosystems.
A study from the University of Gothenburg found that the number of surgeries performed by a urology surgeon has no effect on men's risk of developing postoperative urinary incontinence after prostate cancer surgery. The researchers analyzed data from over 4,600 men who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy between 2017 and 2019.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital studied 36 families affected by Hodgkin lymphoma and identified 44 novel genetic variants linked to cancer predisposition, including PAX5, GATA3, IRF7, EEF2KMT, and POLR1E. The study provides new insights into the disease and may help identify potential targets for new treatments.
A new study found that tighter blood sugar control for women with gestational diabetes reduced infant death, trauma, and shoulder dystocia by half. However, it also increased the risk of serious health complications for the mother, such as major postpartum hemorrhage.
A new study published in Cell Reports has identified the molecular pathways responsible for reduced seizures during fasting. The researchers found that amino acid sensing plays a critical role in the beneficial effects of fasting on seizures, suggesting targeted dietary strategies may be effective for patients without DEPDC5 mutations.
A new study by Flinders University researchers highlights the critical link between environmental degradation and pandemics, emphasizing the need for urgent ecosystem restoration efforts to aid in COVID-19 recovery. The study suggests that up to 95% of land on Earth will be degraded by 2050 if effective measures are not taken.
A recent study found that one-third of wild bee species in Pennsylvania have declined in abundance over a six-year period. Researchers sampled bees at eight locations and collected over 26,700 individual bees representing five families and 144 species.
A study by researchers at Linköping University suggests that severe COVID-19 infection has long-lasting negative effects on the immune system. The results showed that patients developed antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 within 2-3 weeks of symptoms, which then started to fall after six months.
A new survey of 17,000 Europeans found that 8 in 10 believe tans are attractive and healthy, despite decades of awareness campaigns linking sun exposure to skin cancer and aging. The study also revealed low levels of adherence to sun protection habits, with only 1 in 10 using all forms of protection.
A new study identified a specific enzyme, PDE11A, responsible for memory loss in social interactions with age. By manipulating this enzyme, researchers may develop therapies to prevent or reverse age-related cognitive decline.
Researchers develop conditionally active immunofluorescence probe, C11_Fab Q-body, for imaging p53 biomarker protein in live cancer cells. The probe displays high sensitivity and target specificity, enabling precise visualization of intracellular dynamics.
A new study reveals that Black children with complex communication needs receive significantly less AAC-based instruction than their white counterparts. Research examined two waves of data from 78 children and found that only 29% of Black students received 90 minutes or more of AAC instruction per week, compared to 63% of white students.
Researchers at University of Cincinnati found that emphasizing cost savings over global warming increases support for renewable energy sources. The study tested four messaging approaches and found durable bipartisan effects in favor of cost savings.
The DREAM project aims to optimize indoor production by studying plant needs and providing cultivation protocols for better resource management. The researchers will develop new sensors to interrogate plants and algae under natural-like light, allowing for customized lighting tools that adapt energy supply to plant needs.
A new study by a global team of researchers has revealed subtle alterations in the size of the brain's prefrontal region in young people with mood disorders and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The study suggests that these associations may be absent or more difficult to identify in more diverse samples.
A study by Penn State researchers found that supplementing dairy cow feed with enzymes from Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus niger increased milk production and solid concentrations. The dual enzyme supplementation promoted microbial activity in the rumen, enhancing digestion of fibrous components.
Researchers at Mount Sinai have produced a high-resolution crystal structure of the nsp14 enzyme essential to SARS-CoV-2 survival. This discovery could lead to the design of new antivirals to combat current and future coronaviruses.
Researchers have created a stem cell-based model of the human liver, allowing for the study of how Ebola virus infects liver cells. The infected cultures showed that viral infection directly disrupts liver function, while immune cells can transfer the virus to other cells.
A new study from the University of Waterloo highlights the need for Toronto's public transit system to improve its accessibility and affordability to retain vulnerable users. The researchers recommend a reassessment of travel networks, equitable pricing, and enhanced safety measures to connect core riders better with the rest of the city.
A team of engineers and doctors at the University of Minnesota Twin Cities have designed a unique 3D-printed light-sensing medical device that correlates light exposure with disease flare-ups in people with lupus. The device provides real-time feedback to help determine what causes symptoms.
A study of 543 children and teenagers found that those whose parents preferred a language other than English were twice as likely to wait more than 90 days for surgery. The researchers urge orthopedic departments to provide more equitable care for non-English speaking families.
A single genetic change in the TKTL1 protein enabled increased neocortical neurogenesis in modern humans, potentially contributing to their unique cognitive abilities. This discovery sheds light on the evolution of the human brain and may help predict its future development.
A new study has suggested that recommended VACV-based vaccines will mount a robust immune response against the 2022 monkeypox virus. The research found that the genetic mutations observed in MPXV-2022 may not significantly affect vaccine-induced immunity.
A new study identified distinct metabolic profiles in women with Idiopathic Intercranial Hypertension (IIH), a condition characterized by raised brain pressure. Weight loss programs showed positive effects on results, suggesting that metabolism plays a role in disease development.
Children born to mothers with gestational diabetes and obesity are twice as likely to develop attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), according to a new study. The researchers found that excessive weight gain during pregnancy was a significant risk factor for ADHD in offspring, but not within normal weight gain ranges.
Researchers from the European Insomnia Network found that outdoor nighttime temperatures outside thermal comfort can affect human sleep. To combat this, try keeping a bedroom below 25 degrees Celsius, using fans instead of air conditioning, and staying hydrated during heatwaves.
A climate simulation study analyzed precipitation isotope changes in Asian monsoon and arid regions over the past 300,000 years. The study found significant regional differences in annual δ18Op variations, with distinct controlling factors for each region.
A $4.6 million NSF grant will provide microelectronics and nanomanufacturing training to military service members and veterans through a consortium of nine academic institutions and eight industries. The program aims to address the growing need for skilled workers in the US semiconductor industry.
Researchers have developed a new catalyst that efficiently produces hydrogen and oxygen from both seawater and freshwater using a single compound. The catalyst simplifies the engineering challenges of water splitting and reduces costs, making it an attractive option for producing clean energy.
Researchers at Duke University have discovered a protein called GarD that cloaks Chlamydia bacteria from the host cell's immune system, allowing it to evade detection and elimination. Mutating this protein makes the bacteria vulnerable to destruction, offering new avenues for treatment.
A comprehensive genomic analysis reveals the origins and global expansion of domestic donkeys over thousands of years. The study found a single domestication event in eastern Africa around 7000 years ago, followed by expansions into Eurasia and Asia.
Researchers discovered seven sperm whale vocal clans in the Pacific Ocean, each with unique dialects and identity codas. The study suggests that whales use these vocalizations to distinguish themselves from other groups, similar to human ethnic markers.
Threespine stickleback fish evolved resistance to freshwater tapeworms by forming scar tissue around them, which prevents the worms from growing. However, this defense has a significant fitness cost for female sticklebacks, as they are 80% less likely to successfully breed due to the accumulated scarring.
A research team analyzed the economic feasibility of in situ upgrading technology by assessing the energy consumption ratio. They found that appropriate well spacing and minimum total organic content are crucial for efficient energy use. The study aims to promote the application of this technology for optimized oil shale exploitation.
A study at Washington State University has identified sulfatase-2 as a critical protein driving damage caused by rheumatoid arthritis. The discovery sheds light on molecular processes behind inflammation in the disease and could lead to improved treatments.
Researchers have developed a new display technology using quantum dots that can increase the efficiency and lifespan of LED displays. The new technology uses a single layer of quantum dots as the emissive layer, which can reduce voltage loss and improve light extraction efficiency.
Scientists have identified 30 distinct compounds responsible for the Appalachian truffle's aroma, including six previously unknown to other truffle species. The findings may lead to future studies on the unique properties of this North American variety.
A new study reveals a strong link between residential exposure to petroleum refining pollutants and stroke rates in the southern United States. Living near petrol refineries accounted for 5.6% of strokes in adults, with sociodemographic factors influencing the prevalence of strokes.
Researchers have found a way to control spin in Hafnium diselenide, a material that could lead to more efficient spintronics. This discovery provides an entirely new route towards generating spin-polarised currents from transition metal dichalcogenides.
A study of 219 patients with long COVID and neurologic symptoms found that 64% had an impaired sense of smell. Patients with impaired smell may experience severe and lasting loss of smell, even after recovery from acute COVID-19.
A new study reveals that many exoplanets around M-dwarf stars may be composed of half water and half rock, rather than having surface oceans. The discovery suggests that these planets are likely to have water embedded in the rock or in pockets below the surface.
Scientists have discovered a potential path against inherited neurodegenerative diseases by increasing the activity of TRAP1, which promotes mitochondrial protein-folding and corrects lysosomal dysfunction. This approach may have implications for treating multiple disorders affecting the central nervous system.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University found wide genetic variation in SARS-CoV-2 viruses among 360 patients, showing that all individual infections include multiple variants of the virus. The study highlights the importance of examining variations that are historically considered noise to better understand how these genetic ch...
Researchers propose using wastewater epidemiology to monitor monkeypox spread, detecting viral DNA in sewage and potentially identifying low infection rates. The method could be optimized for community-level monitoring, providing a valuable framework for developing robust programs.
The study found that hospitals vary in their stocking practices and often rely on wholesale distributors or neighboring facilities to acquire non-stocked antimicrobials. Researchers recommend improving information sharing and collaboration among local hospitals to reduce barriers to timely treatment.
Researchers at Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics controlled the fine structure splitting of lead halide perovskite quantum dots by inducing lattice distortion. This allows for coherent quantum beating, a crucial phenomenon in quantum information science.
A new study reconstructs the skeletal structure of Coelurosauravus elivensis, a Late Permian reptile that likely used tree canopy changes to facilitate its evolution. The research reveals the gliding apparatus was supported by either the gastralia or musculature of the trunk.
A recent study of 17,000 participants found that COVID-19 boosters or third doses were generally well tolerated by pregnant and lactating women. The study suggests that these vaccines can be safely administered during pregnancy and breastfeeding, addressing concerns about vaccine uptake among this demographic.
Researchers from Tokyo Medical and Dental University have developed a new approach to analyze splicing variant data to identify disease-associated genetic variations. The study reveals that analyzing the coding sequences of gene splicing variants can help uncover the genetic basis of many diseases.