A new ex vivo drug delivery system has been shown to keep MSCs viable longer and reprogram the peripheral immune response toward organ repair. The study's results suggest that SBI-101 can impact a peripheral immune response that can be transmitted to local tissue damage in vital organs, including the kidney.
A new USC study found that artificial sweeteners like sucralose can trick the brain into feeling hungry, leading to increased calorie consumption. This study, one of the largest to-date on artificial sweeteners, suggests that females and people with obesity may be more sensitive to these sweeteners.
Research finds that age-related DNA methylation of TDP-43 contributes to ALS, with increased gene expression levels in the motor cortex. This discovery may provide a new therapeutic approach for the disease.
A new study led by UCSF indicates that depression in early adulthood can increase the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. The research found that moderate or high depressive symptoms were associated with a 73% higher odds of cognitive impairment among older participants.
Researchers chronicle how Utah ski resort managers are adopting adaptive tactics to cope with decreasing snowpack, shorter seasons and worsening weather. Managers are exploring alternative revenue streams through activities like mountain biking and festivals.
A study of 80 children aged 6-10 found that young children struggle with torso control in virtual reality environments, whereas adults can easily navigate using simple body movements. The results contradict the current understanding of motor control development, suggesting that VR can disrupt traditional coordination strategies.
A Japanese collaborative team presents a novel method for tuning hydrodynamic interfacial instability through a thermodynamic parameter controlling liquid–liquid phase separation. They successfully predict pattern changes of a growing interface by applying the maximum entropy production principle.
The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry publishes a special issue to strengthen the rights and voices of older people worldwide. The issue aims to reduce the burden of ageism, mentalism and ableism, which currently permeates virtually every aspect of older persons' lives.
A study of over 19,000 bariatric surgery patients found men are five times as likely to die within 30 days after the procedure compared to women. Men's long-term mortality is also almost three times higher due to comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
The KIMM research team developed a flexible, stretchable battery that bends and stretches like a snake, offering potential applications in wearable devices, soft robots, and disaster relief. The battery's design mimics the structure of snake scales, providing stability and flexibility.
Researchers have identified two possible Mott-insulating pictures in magnetic superexchange couplings of Sr2IrO4, shedding light on the mechanism for superconductivity in doped La2CuO4. The study used different theories to analyze the magnetic interactions in the strong-to-intermediate coupling regime.
Researchers have developed a potential blood test to diagnose Alzheimer's disease using atomic force microscopy technology. The test analyzes protein fibers made up of beta-amyloid peptides and tau proteins, which accumulate in patients' blood cells, indicating the stage of the disease.
Researchers will conduct participatory research with transit workers to identify ways to reduce occupational health disparities and improve preparedness for public-facing workers. The project aims to improve safe working environments and build resilience among frontline workers.
Researchers found that patients with Type 2 diabetes who took GLP-1R agonists within six months prior to their COVID-19 diagnosis had a decreased risk of hospitalization, respiratory complications, and death. The study suggests these anti-inflammatory medications may offer protective effects against severe COVID-19 outcomes.
Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics researchers propose dual active site strategy to isolate dehydrogenation and oxidation in oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane, resulting in near 100% ethene selectivity. This approach could be extended to multiple oxidation reactions plagued by over-oxidation.
Researchers at the Institute for Basic Science have developed a foldable quantum dot LED that can be transformed into various complex 3D structures, such as butterflies and pyramids. The technology employs selective laser-etching to create precise curvature lines, allowing for stable light-emitting performance even after repeated folding.
Research confirms two separate tiger shark populations in the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific oceans, despite trans-oceanic migrations. This long-term separation has resulted in distinct genetic diversity among Hawaiian and Indian Ocean tiger sharks, emphasizing the need for tailored management plans and targeted conservation efforts.
A team of international researchers has unraveled the inner workings of C5aR2, a key receptor involved in inflammation and COVID-19. The study provides an additional opportunity for therapeutic targeting with new drug molecules to block its activation and inflammation response.
Researchers at DTU Health Tech have invented a one-pot assay, NISDA, for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA without the need for enzyme-based methods. The assay detects low concentrations of RNA in 30 minutes and has shown high accuracy and sensitivity.
Researchers have developed a revolutionary wireless photoelectric implant that can control the activity of spinal neurons, enabling the study of neural function and the development of new treatments for neurological disorders. The breakthrough technology uses pulses of light to stimulate or inhibit specific spinal-cord neurons, potenti...
Researchers developed a new system that can detect silicon solar panel defects even in full sunlight, making it easier to keep solar panels working optimally. The system uses a unique combination of hardware and software to image and analyze defects quickly and accurately, regardless of lighting conditions.
A new study found that lockdown disrupted people's daily thoughts, reducing future thinking but increasing social thoughts when interacting with others. Researchers also discovered older adults experienced more detailed thoughts during virtual interactions compared to in-person ones.
A study by Wim Thiery and colleagues reveals that babies born in 2020 will experience 2-7 times more extreme climate events than those born in 1960. Limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius reduces the burden, but younger generations still face unprecedented impacts, particularly in low-income countries.
Researchers found that women over 70 and men under 50 with hypertension are at a higher risk of uncontrolled blood pressure. This study highlights the need for increased awareness about uncontrolled hypertension among these groups, and further research is needed to understand the underlying causes.
Tropical rainforests have uneven biodiversity due to geological history and climate. Researchers used a new model to simulate species diversification, finding that historical dynamics of mountain building and climate change drove biodiversity distribution rather than current climate factors.
A recent cohort study found that couples from Japan and the Netherlands share similar lifestyle habits, body shape, blood pressure, and disease incidences. This suggests that healthy choices and mutual encouragement can help prevent cardiometabolic risks.
Researchers at Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD) have designed an ultralow power artificial synapse for next-generation AI systems. The team's innovation uses a nanoscale deposit-only-metal-electrode fabrication process, achieving an all-time-low energy consumption of 1.8 pJ per pair-pulse-based synaptic event.
A new study found that four distinct episodes of volcanic activity coincided with significant environmental changes, including the Late Triassic Carnian Pluvial Episode, which drove animal and plant diversification. The research suggests that large volcanic eruptions had a profound impact on global temperature and humidity.
Neuroscientists at Lieber Institute for Brain Development discover similar cell types across human and mouse brains associated with reward and addiction. The study provides molecular profiles of cell types in key regions, including the nucleus accumbens and amygdala.
Researchers found that dancing and psychedelic drugs are associated with feelings of awe and social bonding in rave attendees. This study suggests that these experiences can be beneficial for therapeutic settings, potentially reducing stigma around psychedelic use.
A recent survey-based study reveals racial and ethnic differences in cannabis use following the legalization of recreational cannabis. The study found that cannabis use increased disproportionately among Black and Hispanic populations compared to White individuals.
A new form of expanded dialysis has been found to improve the quality of life for patients with chronic kidney disease, including increased energy and better sleep. The treatment, which removes a broader range of toxins from the body, was tested in a clinical trial and shown to reduce inflammation and improve overall well-being.
A study by Columbia University found that recreational cannabis laws led to increased past-year and past-month cannabis use among Hispanic, Other and non-Hispanic white individuals, but not among non-Hispanic Black people or those aged 12-20. The researchers also highlighted persistent racial disparities in cannabis arrests and incarce...
Researchers at the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science have developed a novel targeting chaperon protein HSP70 inhibitor QL47 to treat FLT3-ITD-positive acute myeloid leukemia. The study found that QL47 induces FLT3-ITD protein degradation and cell apoptosis, extending animal survival in mice bone marrow engraftment models.
Researchers found that tobacco hawkmoths learn to prefer certain plants for egg-laying after experiencing successful oviposition, leading to improved efficiency. The moths also remember flower odors guiding them to nectar sources, but not through their proboscis' olfactory neurons.
A new study found that people of normal weight with type 2 diabetes can achieve remission by losing weight. Eight out of 12 participants achieved remission after losing 10-15% of their body weight, with levels of fat in the liver and pancreas falling substantially and insulin-producing cells restored. The study supports the idea that e...
Scientists have elucidated and visualized the 3D molecular structure of the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), a crucial component of appetite regulation. The study's findings provide insights into the protein's interaction with hormones and potential targets for drug interventions to treat severe obesity.
Researchers analyzed data from nearly 3 million adults and found that those with 'metabolically healthy obesity' had a higher risk of developing heart failure and atrial fibrillation. However, they were not at increased risk for heart attacks, strokes, or cardiovascular deaths.
A recent study from Aarhus University found that the brain experiences musical phrases as complete when they end in uncertainty, allowing it to save completed phrases for future recall. This challenges traditional theories of auditory perception, suggesting the brain is a prediction machine.
The number of autism diagnoses in England has skyrocketed by 787% over the past two decades, driven primarily by increased recognition and improved diagnosis for females. Researchers analyzed GP records and found that the greatest rises were among adults, with females making up most of the increase.
A new study from Aston University and New York University found that industrial firms in Beijing did not receive disproportionate economic benefits from hosting the 2008 Summer Olympics. The research suggests that SMEs have limited to no positive impact on the local economy.
Researchers at the University of Göttingen have discovered a novel type of ordering effect generated and sustained by steady shear deformation. They found that under sufficient driving force, an interesting ordering effect emerges, revealing a hidden order in the force directions.
A team of Harvard researchers created an integrated pipeline, STAMPScreen, to help genetic engineers identify target genes and perform screening studies. The protocol combines computational tools with lab experiments to quickly and efficiently test gene function in living cells.
Astronomers observe a tidal disruption event caused by an intermediate-mass black hole consuming a star, providing the first measurements of its mass and spin. The findings shed light on the elusive category of intermediate black holes, which may account for most black holes in galaxy centers.
Researchers from King's College London warn that previously published solar exposure guidelines for optimal vitamin D synthesis may not be accurate. A new study suggests a simple correction is needed to the wavelength dependency for vitamin D production, which could impact risk/benefit calculations for sunlight exposure.
A study finds that N95 respirators can significantly reduce hospital visits due to wildfire smoke exposure. The researchers estimated a 22-39% reduction in hospitalizations if N95s were widely used.
A national plan aims to restore habitat on marginal farming land, fighting climate change and preventing species loss while putting money in farmers' pockets. The proposal is estimated to cost $2 billion annually over 30 years but would generate $41 billion in net present value.
Researchers developed a unified framework for high-quality NLOS reconstructions using Signal-object collaborative regularization (SOCR) method. The technique recovers location, shape, albedo, and normal of targets with clear local structures, sharp boundaries, and little noise, even in heavy noise conditions.
An international team of scientists has resolved a half-century-old mystery by discovering that ancient burrow traces in Australian quartzite were made by crustaceans around 40 million years ago. The discovery was made possible by analyzing unusual radioactive minerals in the sand, which revealed that the burrows were more than a billi...
Princess Margaret Cancer Centre researchers have developed a highly sensitive test to detect human papillomavirus (HPV) in the bloodstream. The new sequencing method detected HPV circulating tumour DNA at much lower levels than previous tests, making it possible to monitor disease progression and tailor treatment.
A long-term analysis of NRG-RTOG 9804 shows breast radiation following lumpectomy significantly reduces the incidence of ipsilateral breast recurrence (IBR) for 'low risk' ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The study found a significant reduction in IBR with radiation, with lower rates observed at 10 and 15 years compared to observation.
Research suggests that adults with elevated blood pressure prefer monitoring their blood pressure at home, rather than in a clinical setting. This is because home blood pressure monitoring is convenient and easy to do, without disrupting daily activities.
A large UK Biobank study has found that smoking is highly likely to worsen the severity of COVID-19 and increase the risk of dying from the infection. The study combined observational and genetic data to strengthen the evidence base, revealing a causal effect between smoking and COVID-19 severity.
Researchers found that rusty crayfish exhibit increased diet specialization and boldness in mid-abundance lakes, where individual behaviors become more diverse. This specialization can lead to impacts on spawning fish populations and ecosystem dynamics.
A new study published in the Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics suggests that boys who participate in sports in early childhood are less likely to experience depressive and anxiety symptoms later. The study also found that boys who exhibit higher levels of depressive and anxious symptoms during middle childhood are subseq...
Researchers found that adopting the DASH diet, losing weight and improving aerobic fitness can lower blood pressure significantly. The study suggests lifestyle modifications can help people with resistant hypertension successfully lose weight and increase their physical activity.
Researchers at UCI and NASA JPL found that a thinning of the ice melange, a slushy concoction of windblown snow, iceberg debris, and frozen seawater, is a major driver of ice shelf collapse. The study revealed that melange thinning can lead to rapid retreat of Antarctica's ice shelves.
The study proposes a new fluorescence imaging window, extending the near-infrared range to improve image quality. Simulation results show that using PbS/CdS core-shell quantum dots with specific peak emission wavelengths can reduce background attenuation and enhance image clarity.
A study of ancient civilizations and climate change found that investing in resilient landscapes can help both urban and rural communities survive climatic stress. Long-term investment in soil fertility, water storage, and biodiversity can enable tolerance to periods of climate variability.
A new study published in PNAS suggests that China's declining birth rate and aging population may not negatively impact future prosperity. The researchers found that higher education levels among women can lead to increased labor force participation, potentially offsetting the negative effects of population aging.