Researchers at Dartmouth College have developed a theory that produces and detects light in a vacuum, challenging classical physics. The experiment uses an accelerating diamond membrane to create photons, which are then amplified by multiple photon detectors.
The study found that tropical forest edges are releasing large amounts of carbon into the atmosphere due to increased tree mortality. By 2100, the proportion of forest edges is projected to increase from 31% to almost 50% if deforestation rates remain high.
A new large-scale study created the most comprehensive Cell Atlas of the Gut to date, revealing that Crohn’s disease may be caused by activation of developmental pathways. The detailed maps will help explain how the gut forms and functions, transforming research into intestinal diseases.
Researchers have developed a shape memory polymer that can store up to 17.9 J/g energy, allowing it to lift objects 5,000 times its own weight upon heating. The polymer's high energy density and low cost make it an ideal material for soft robotics, smart biomedical devices, and deployable space structures.
Researchers found that viral fossils in Australian marsupials are used to make non-coding RNAs that protect against outside infection. The study suggests that these viral fossils may be helping to immunize animals, potentially providing a mechanism similar to vaccination.
A large European study found that prolonged exposure to even low levels of air pollution can increase the risk of stroke and coronary heart disease. Fine particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and black carbon were linked to adverse cardiovascular effects, with no safe thresholds detected.
A recent study at Drexel University found that virtual reality art therapy can reduce prefrontal cortex activation, promoting relaxation and flow. The study also showed differences in brain function between creative self-expression and rote tracing tasks.
West Virginia University researcher Judith Feinberg is integrating services for opioid use disorder, the hepatitis C virus and HIV in 20 primary care clinics across the state. The project aims to address the intertwined opioid and HIV epidemics through efficient and comprehensive care.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports found that the degree of platelet reduction is more strongly linked to mortality risk in sepsis than absolute platelet count. The researchers also discovered that a significant decrease in platelet count increases the risks of bleeding and thrombosis development.
A team of researchers analyzed over 31 million iNaturalist records to find that highly active users primarily post observations of plants and insects, while large animals are underdocumented. The study provides insights into urban biodiversity and the distribution of biological data.
A novel gene-based COVID-19 vaccine leveraging an adeno-associated viral vector platform was highly effective in eliciting neutralizing antibody responses and cellular immunity from a single dose. The vaccine provided near-complete protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in nonhuman primates for at least 11 months.
Research finds that neighborhoods with longer commute times and high residential density are more prone to infectious disease hotspots, while dense urban design can improve mobility conditions and resilience. The study suggests that a 20-minute city concept can promote livability, sustainability, and pandemic-resilient urban planning.
Daniel E. Houser and Jian Song will investigate how the distribution of random shocks affects effort provisions in rank-tournament participants using economic theory and laboratory experiments. The research aims to develop an improved understanding of why and how people make decisions when facing unlikely but possible bad outcomes.
Researchers uncover a 500-million-year-old 'worm-like' fossil, expanding the number of worm-like species known from this time period in North America. The discovery provides new clues about prehistoric environments and ecologies, helping scientists better understand the diversity of ancient animals during the Cambrian explosion.
Researchers have successfully produced iron-based Metal Organic Framework (MOF) materials directly using renewable electricity at room temperature, overcoming challenges in scalability and environmental friendliness. The new method is 96% efficient and enables the creation of advanced MOF sensors.
A study found that 1/3 of cancer drugs with accelerated approval fail to show clinical benefit in post-approval trials yet remain recommended in clinical guidelines. Researchers call for reforms to improve clarity on FDA approvals and withdrawals.
Researchers discovered that male milkweed butterflies feed on live, dead, and dying caterpillars of other milkweed butterflies to supplement their diet with toxic chemicals. These chemicals help produce nuptial pheromones for courtship, raising questions about the ecology of these well-known butterflies.
A new study found that Black and Latino families are most likely to experience financial stress due to student loan debt, even with lower levels of debt. The research analyzed data from the 2007-2009 Survey of Consumer Finances and discovered that higher levels of student loan debt increased financial stress for these households.
A new study at the University of Missouri found that shelter cats acclimated well to their new families and became significantly less stressed over time. The study monitored cats for 18 weeks and tracked stress measures such as cortisol levels and weight gain.
A study of Finnish adults with overweight found that higher sleep-time parasympathetic activity is associated with healthier diets and lower alcohol consumption. Those with a good stress balance reported better diet quality, fibre intake, and self-control.
A new research method developed by an interdisciplinary team of engineers and scientists has the potential to significantly increase lithium supply and reduce costs for devices that rely on it. The technique involves extracting lithium from contaminated water using precise membranes, which can improve efficiency and simplify the extrac...
MacBean aims to develop advanced predictive tools using satellite remote sensing, field experiments, and process-based models to understand dryland ecosystems' response to climate change. Drylands support 38% of the world's population but are sensitive to moisture availability.
Lehigh University researchers are developing a model to understand the impact of grain growth on material properties. The project aims to create new materials informatics methods, innovative stochastic differential equations, and models of grain growth to improve material performance and reliability.
Researchers develop a novel method to convert nitrate in wastewater into ammonia with nearly 100% efficiency and zero greenhouse gas emissions. The system utilizes cobalt catalysts and solar power to achieve unprecedented solar-to-fuel efficiency, outperforming existing technologies.
Scientists have discovered how pollinators support rare plant species coexistence with abundant species in diverse communities. Flower characteristics are key predictors of specialization between plants and pollinators.
A one-day online therapy session has been shown to significantly reduce symptoms of postpartum depression (PPD) in mothers. The study found that women who participated in the workshop were four times more likely to experience a clinically meaningful improvement in PPD compared to those in the control group.
Researchers at USC Viterbi School of Engineering have discovered a way to boost the effectiveness of CAR T-cell therapy for treating solid tumors, including breast and melanoma. By engineering CAR T-cells to produce an enzyme called adenosine deaminase, they break down an immune-suppressive microenvironment, allowing cancer-killing cel...
A multinational team of researchers led by UNC principal investigators James Hagood and Richard Boucher aim to better understand how cells lining the nose, mouth, and airways interact to maintain respiratory health or play roles in diseases throughout childhood. The project involves collecting samples from six countries for cutting-edg...
Researchers at Tampere University identified a specific population of treatment-resistant cells that persists in prostate cancer tissue. This finding suggests that the presence of these cells can predict patient responses to treatment and may help tailor treatment for different subgroups of patients.
Researchers at UC San Diego have created a tool called GlyCompare that enables explainable Artificial Intelligence analysis of glycomics datasets. The approach accounts for shared biosynthetic pathways of glycans within and across samples, leading to novel biomarkers in cancer diagnosis.
A 34-year follow-up study found that the coexistence of hypertension and fatty liver disease did not exceed their separate effects on mortality. The study suggests a negative interaction between the two conditions on cardiovascular death in non-diabetic men.
Researchers have developed a simplified blood test that increases overall screening efficiency for type 1 diabetes. The study, led by Melbourne researchers, found that a single finger prick blood test can predict clinical diagnosis with high accuracy.
Researchers discovered a brain circuit that combines excitatory and inhibitory neurons to enforce reliability in visual processing. The team found that activity among two types of inhibitory neurons, PV and SST, work together to control the gain of excitatory neurons and improve representation consistency.
A study finds that health system executives' subjective assessments of performance often differ from objective clinical quality measures. The researchers identified three levers for achieving high performance: organizational structure, governance, and staff engagement.
A new study by Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health reveals stark racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic inequities in COVID-19 vaccination rates across neighborhoods in the largest US cities. High-vaccination neighborhoods were predominantly white with fewer people of color, higher incomes, and lower poverty rates.
A UCI-led study identifies a new molecular pathway that promotes wound healing in the skin by relaxing cell-cell adhesions between migrating keratinocytes. This finding may improve understanding of wound healing biology and lead to new therapies for non-healing wounds like diabetic ulcers.
A machine-learning approach, MAHOMES, has been developed to distinguish between enzymatic and non-enzymatic metals in proteins with a precision rate of 92.2%. This method could lead to the development of more effective and eco-friendly drug therapies and other industrial products.
Scientists create a flexible supercapacitor using wrinkled titanium carbide nanosheets that maintains its ability to store and release electronic charges after repetitive stretching. The device has a high energy capacity comparable to existing MXene-based supercapacitors, but with extreme stretchability up to 800% without cracking.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki have identified two distinct patterns of alpha-synuclein accumulations in the olfactory bulb, associated with differing disease types of dementia with Lewy bodies. These findings support the classification of the disease into two distinct forms, one progressing to the amygdala and another to th...
A recent study published by George Washington University researchers found that inclusionary zoning policies associated with lower rates of heart disease. The study also found that communities with such policies had fewer residents with high blood pressure and higher cholesterol.
Researchers discovered that natural killer cells play a crucial role in wound healing by accelerating blood vessel growth. However, this process increases the risk of bacterial infections. The study suggests harnessing killer cells to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria and finding a balance between wound healing and immune defense.
A new study quantifies the contribution of agricultural and forest fires to poor air quality in Southeast Asia, finding that preventing these fires could reduce premature deaths by an estimated 59,000 annually. The region's poorest communities are disproportionately exposed to air pollution from these fires.
Researchers will use C. thermocellum bacteria to better understand metabolism and production of cellulosic biofuels, aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in heavy-duty transportation. The $1.2M grant will integrate enzyme assays, robotics, computer modeling, and advanced chemistry techniques.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba found that coating soybean plant leaves with cellulose nanofiber offers resistance to infection by Asian soybean rust pathogen, changing leaf surface from water repellent to water absorbent and suppressing disease-causing gene expression.
Researchers used fruit flies in a virtual reality setting to show that vision influences body movements by tuning postural adjustments as a preventative measure. Without vision, the limb control systems respond to balance and posture perturbations, but when vision is available, the behavioral goal of walking straight takes precedence.
Researchers developed electrically-driven soft valves to control hydraulic soft actuators, enabling faster and more powerful control of macro- and small-scale hydraulic actuators. The breakthrough allows for unprecedented motion control of soft robots with internal volume ranging from hundreds of microliters to tens of milliliters.
Researchers created artificial cell-like structures that autonomously ingest, process and push out material, recreating a vital function of living cells. The synthetic microscopic structures have potential applications in drug delivery and environmental science.
A research team from Hefei Institutes of Physical Science has developed a novel antireflective (AR) film using sol-gel technology, maximizing the transmission of infrared light on a CdSe substrate. The film shows excellent high and low temperature resistance, reducing reflectivity by up to 27% in a wide band.
Scientists have imaged fine-scale landforms within ancient glacial channels in the North Sea, revealing how water moved through the channels and even how ice stagnated and melted away. The findings provide clues to how ice sheets react to a warming climate and offer insights into future changes in ice sheet behavior.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame found that efforts to counteract biases in the workplace tend to wane over time, even with high accountability. The researchers discovered that when accountability changes, biased decisions are more likely to be sustained. Increasing accountability may not be effective if a person initially...
Despite 10,000 years of inbreeding, the kākāpō genome sequencing reveals that the species has lost potentially deleterious mutations and now carries fewer harmful mutations than extinct mainland populations. This finding suggests that natural selection may have facilitated genetic purging in small populations.
Researchers from the University of Tsukuba have discovered that ultraviolet light can modulate oxide ion transport in a perovskite crystal at room temperature. This enables the enhancement of future battery and fuel cell functionality by increasing energy storage and output efficiency.
Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites of fungi that contaminate agricultural products, posing severe health risks. Aptasensors utilize aptamers to specifically detect mycotoxins with high sensitivity and specificity, allowing for fast and reliable detection in field settings.
A new study found that Republicans are less likely to use ACA subsidies for health insurance, resulting in an average annual loss of $800 compared to Democrats. The study suggests that political polarization may lead individuals to avoid full utilization of federal programs intended to make healthcare more affordable.
Researchers discovered a central component of plant threat detection, MSL10, which registers pressure changes and sends warning signals to adjacent leaves. This finding supports the link between electrical and hydraulic signalling in plants.
Researchers found that herbivory and wounding on tomato leaves elicit strong electrical signals, which interact with JA signaling to confer resistance. GLR genes play a crucial role in regulating these signals and JA accumulation.
A study by the California Academy of Sciences and colleagues found significant tissue abnormalities in oysters from the Gulf Coast, even years after the devastating oil spill. The researchers discovered higher rates of metaplasia in Eastern oysters, which can cause debilitating health issues.
New research reveals that the Milky Way's environment is not evenly mixed with metals and dust, contrary to previous models. This discovery has significant implications for our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution.
Despite their effectiveness in preventing severe symptoms and hospitalization, fewer than 70,000 patients received monoclonal antibody treatments out of over 200 million Americans diagnosed with COVID-19. The low uptake may be attributed to stockpiling, limited distribution, barriers to access, or hesitancy among providers and patients.
A study by Matthew Auer highlights the need for community-led wildfire protection plans to address growing threats, particularly among low-income households. These plans can provide educational resources, fire-resistant home construction, and access to funding.
A first-of-its-kind global study links short-term exposure to wildfire-related fine particulate matter to increased all-cause, respiratory, and cardiovascular mortalities. The research found that over 33,500 deaths annually are directly attributable to wildfire pollution in cities worldwide.
A new study suggests that T cell therapy alone or combined with cancer drug nivolumab is safe and persistent in attacking Hodgkin's lymphoma cells. The treatment showed promising results in patients with relapsed or refractory HL, offering a potential option for those who do not respond to checkpoint inhibitors.
A recent study reconstructed environmental conditions in Europe during early human occupation, revealing a range of climates and vegetation types. The research suggests that early humans preferred sites with mild climates and wooded environments, but later phases saw absences from areas with severe conditions.
A European project developed standard solutions for energy refurbishment, considering various climate zones. These packages include prefabricated façades, decentralized ventilation systems, and smart ceiling fans to reduce energy consumption and improve comfort. Pilot sites showed significant savings and improvements in tenant well-being.
The LSU College of the Coast & Environment is conducting research to identify how climate change affects the Florida stone crab fishery. The team will investigate and model how changing ocean temperatures and acidity impact stone crab larval development, behavior, and dispersal.
The article explores the potential of AI in improving climate modeling by proposing a hybrid approach combining classical and machine learning methods. Researchers found that AI can help improve forecasts, but limitations include computational resource requirements and uncertainties in predictions.
A research team at POSTECH has developed a stretchable anisotropic conductive film that connects flexible electronic devices. The film enables high-resolution circuits connection, low-temperature processing, and production scalability for deformable devices and displays.
The Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology has developed a 'lab-free, lab-quality' testing method for RNA viruses called RICCA, which can detect low copy numbers of virus RNA directly from saliva without laboratory processing. This method has the potential to decentralize COVID-19 molecular diagnosis in developing countries.
Top-performing diet and nutrition apps often track dietary intake, anthropometrics, and physical activity but lack behavior change features. A new study in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior found that premium versions offered more features than free ones, but these did not significantly impact app ratings or user engagement.
A recent case study from a Barcelona hospital found that nearly 20% of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma contracted COVID-19 during the pandemic. The study revealed a 75% mortality rate among these patients, highlighting the severity of the impact of COVID-19 on this vulnerable population.
A new study highlights significant disparities in dementia care availability by gender, race, ethnicity, education level, and family structure. The findings emphasize the importance of family caregivers, with those having available spouse or adult child support being less likely to move into nursing homes.
Researchers found that trees are tapping into bedrock for water, a phenomenon previously thought to be rare. The study, led by Erica McCormick at UT Austin, suggests that bedrock is a significant source of water for trees, with rock moisture outdoing soil as a water source in many cases.
A recent study found that breastfeeding mothers who received Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna COVID-19 vaccines experienced temporary symptoms such as pain and swelling at the injection site, chills, muscle/body aches, fever, and vomiting. The study also reported no serious side effects in breastfed infants.
Protons seem to migrate faster than other ions in free aqueous solutions, but individual protons do not really move. In confined spaces, protons get stuck in an oscillatory state due to confinement effects and acid concentration.
Scientists at CIBFar have discovered the molecular mechanism of SARS-CoV-2's main protease, which enables the virus to replicate in host cells. The study provides valuable insights into the process and has immediate applications for developing antiviral drugs.
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt and Bonn have synthesized molecular nano spheres made of silicon atoms, known as silafulleranes, which can encapsulate chloride ions. The discovery of these new compounds may lead to improved applications in electronics, solar cells, and batteries.
Thalia Goldstein is investigating how parents deceive their children about culturally iconic figures like Santa Claus and the Easter Bunny. Her research aims to understand the tension between moral development and broad dishonesty in parenting.
A randomized clinical trial of 125 young adults with concussions found that restricting screen time for 48 hours significantly reduced symptom duration. The study, published in JAMA Pediatrics, suggests that limiting screen time may be a useful strategy to accelerate concussion recovery.
Researchers discovered a DNA modification system that coordinates bacterial replication in TB. The DarT/DarG system can be targeted by new antibiotics, offering hope for treating the deadly disease.
The COVID-19 vaccine has been shown to have a positive impact on the mental health of US adults, with those receiving the first dose experiencing improvements. A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that the vaccine reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression.
Patients treated by mobile stroke units had faster anti-clot medication delivery and less disability at 90 days compared to standard ambulance care, according to a study published in NEJM. The trial, which enrolled over 1,500 patients, showed that MSU-treated patients were more likely to receive tPA and have better mortality rates.
A recent study found that individuals with COVID-19 are at a higher risk of developing phlebitis and thrombophlebitis, as well as blood clots in the leg and lung. The study also identified associations between general COVID-19 susceptibility and increased blood clot events and circulatory diseases.
Scientists at Anglia Ruskin University have created a new way to experience Yellowstone's geysers through classical music. By sonifying the physical characteristics of the geothermal landscape, they've turned vibrations into melodies, harmonies, and rhythms. The result is an evolving musical representation of the earth, water, and steam.
Research by Binghamton University Assistant Professor Zeynep Ertem found that early social-distancing measures resulted in smaller initial death tolls, but led to larger second waves. The study suggests that different population characteristics, such as urban vs. rural areas, affect disease spread.
Researchers successfully used cryopreserved sperm to fertilize coral eggs from hundreds of miles away, demonstrating the reproductive compatibility of distant coral colonies. The technique, known as assisted gene flow, has potential as a conservation tool for endangered corals and could accelerate their adaptation to climate change.
A recent research on electric dance music DJs found that those with a distinct genre identity and network positions combining brokerage and cohesion tend to have higher social standing. The study analyzed playlist data from 815 DJs and found that focused musical identity is correlated with social standing among EDM DJs.
Researchers at KAUST have developed an in vitro model of early human embryogenesis using extended pluripotent stem cells, overcoming ethical concerns. The model, called EPS-blastoids, is a faithful representation of the earliest moments of human development and holds promise for studying developmental defects and regenerative medicine.
A recent study found that individuals with healthy plant-based diets had a 9% lower risk of developing COVID-19 and a 41% lower risk of severe disease. The study also highlighted the importance of addressing social determinants of health and improving access to healthy foods.
Two studies published in Breastfeeding Medicine found that COVID-19 vaccination results in minimal disruption of lactation and no adverse impact on the breastfed child. Researchers surveyed over 4,400 breastfeeding mothers and reported only a small percentage experienced negative impacts post-vaccination.
A breakthrough IVF method has been developed to significantly improve in-vitro fertilization (IVF) in cattle, reducing pregnancy issues and increasing overall meat and milk production. The new process improves live birth rates with a high accuracy rate, offering vast potential for the cattle breeding industry.
A study published in PLOS One found that stimulus checks largely reversed post-lockdown spending declines and stimulated spending among people making less than $35,977 per year. The research analyzed 5.6 million daily transactions and identified local 'hot spots' of spending changes.
Researchers synthesized a uniform Cu-N-C single-atom catalyst that exhibits comparable alkaline ORR activity to Pt/C. The active site structure undergoes dynamic changes during the reaction, transforming into HO-Cu-N2 under reaction conditions.
Researchers at North Carolina State University developed a class of materials that can change their fundamental architecture, inspired by nature's metamorphosis. The metamorphosis system involves connecting kirigami units to create structures capable of bearing significant weight and transforming into different architectures.
Researchers found that the gene TCF-1 regulates specific Treg cells, leading to more severe and inflammatory colon cancers. Without TCF-1, these cells become activated and gain a gut-homing feature, resulting in harsher cancer outcomes.
Dr. Michael Boyer is the chief clinical officer at The Lighthouse Chris O'Brien comprehensive cancer center in Sydney, Australia. He has been recognized with the Adi F. Gazdar IASLC Merit Award for his pioneering work in molecular pathology and dedication to lung cancer research.
A massive study found that exposure to wildfire pollutants in Brazil leads to over 48,000 hospitalizations annually, mainly among children and the elderly. The research, published in The Lancet Planetary Health, reveals significant health impacts of wildfires on Brazilians.
Researchers used functional genomics to identify key genes involved in inducing callus from immature maize embryos, overcoming a major roadblock in plant breeding. The study found that nearly 30% of predicted A188 genes were structurally different from other maize lines, accounting for high protein divergence and phenotypic variations.
A study from Denmark found that long-term exposure to road traffic and railway noise is associated with a higher risk of developing dementia, especially Alzheimer's disease. The researchers estimate that up to 1,216 cases of dementia in 2017 could be attributed to these noise exposures.
Children genetically predisposed to overproduce lymphocytes in relation to other white blood cells are at higher risk of developing ALL, according to a new USC study. The research found that the ratio of lymphocytes to other key blood cells is significant in predicting leukemia risk.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that people living with HIV are at a higher risk of sudden cardiac death compared to those without the virus. The study analyzed data from over 144,000 veterans and found that 26% of those who died from sudden cardiac death had HIV.
A new antioxidant drug, cysteamine, has been found to reverse atherosclerosis by reducing the oxidation of LDL cholesterol. This process reduces inflammation, damage, and clot formation, ultimately lowering the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Cysteamine was shown to decrease plaque size by up to 56% in mice with atherosclerosis.
A new study finds that sunlight can break down marine plastic into tens of thousands of chemical compounds, transforming it into a suite of polymer-, dissolved-, and gas-phased products. This process produces more complex transformation products than previously understood, with some bags producing up to 15,000 formulas.
Researchers from Göttingen and Hohenheim found hand pollination used worldwide for 20 crops, including apples and vanillas. The method can reduce losses and improve crop quality, but also brings challenges due to labor intensity and cost.
Researchers have found compounds based on gold, silver, and copper that can store hydrogen in a stable manner. These 'metal hydride' complexes could be used to store hydrogen for use in vehicles, potentially revolutionizing the production of clean energy.
The study found that intraoperative esophagogastroduodenoscopy (IEGD) reduces hospital length of stay, radiation exposure, and costs compared to postoperative upper gastrointestinal (PUGI) radiographic series. IEGD also improves patient satisfaction with similar clinical outcomes.
A study published in PLOS ONE reveals a surprising diversity of Cretaceous reptiles at an Argentina fossil site. The research expands the known diversity of reptiles at the Cerro Fortaleza locality, which previously only preserved skeletal remains of giant sauropods.
Researchers found that patients with a rare genetic condition may develop chronic inflammatory bone diseases due to an impaired response to interferon gamma. The study suggests that this impairment leads to excessive osteoclast proliferation and increased bone resorption, causing multifocal osteomyelitis.
Scientists at UCL and Francis Crick Institute developed a novel tool that rapidly estimates the number of T cells in cancerous tumors, helping predict patient response to immunotherapy. This method uses DNA sequencing data from patients' cancerous tumours to quantify T cell abundance.
The world's largest repository of raw genomic sequences is missing critical data necessary for monitoring and preserving biodiversity. Only 14% of archived datasets contain information about when and where organisms were sampled, highlighting the need for community standards to preserve metadata.
A new study published in Climate Dynamics analysis observational data and a large climate model found that the Earth's 11-year cycle is out of sync with solar fluctuations. The findings refute climate skeptics' claims that the sun plays a major role in global warming.
Researchers surveyed 4,324 people with Parkinson's and found that many are unaware of all seven compensation strategies, but most who tried them reported positive effects. The study suggests a 'one-size-fits-all' approach doesn't work, emphasizing the need for personalized education on available strategies.
A City University of Hong Kong physicist has observed the first unpaired singular Weyl magnetic monopole in a specific kind of single crystalline solid, defying the Nielsen-Ninomiya no-go theorem. The discovery opens up new avenues for understanding bulk topological properties and potential applications in spintronics.
Scientists propose EicC to investigate quark and gluon contributions to nucleon spin and mass, as well as novel multi-particle dynamics. The recently released white paper outlines physics goals, detector design, and accelerator specifications.
Researchers at Monash University have discovered a new mode of targeting the adenosine A1 receptor protein, which could lead to the development of non-opioid painkillers to treat chronic neuropathic pain. The study provides an opportunity for researchers to develop safer and more effective drugs.
A comparative genomic study of 57 mammal species identified over 2,000 new genes linked to longevity in humans. These genes are involved in DNA repair, coagulation and inflammatory response mechanisms, and codify more stable proteins in longer-living species.
A study published in Biological Conservation enlisted the help of 80 citizen scientists to collect 1500 naturally detached Posidonia shoots washed up on the beach after storms. The 'Storm Squad' successfully rehabilitated populations of NSW's endangered Posidonia australis, with most transplanted fragments producing new shoots after on...
Palaeontologists have uncovered a giant new fossil species, Titanokorys gainesi, with an estimated total length of half a meter, belonging to an extinct animal group called radiodonts. The discovery sheds light on the evolution and diversity of these enigmatic animals.
Researchers analyzed 1.4 million field observations and 73,000 museum records to find a strong correlation between species abundance in nature and their presence in museum collections. This method enables scientists to study species decline and estimate past abundances, providing insights into conservation efforts.
A 20-year study shows a 40% decrease in amputation rates among people with type 1 diabetes in Sweden. Improved treatment of risk factors such as blood sugar levels and kidney function contributed to the trend reversal.
Researchers found that stressed fruit flies have the biggest change in their microbiome, suggesting a link between social stress, immunity, and longevity. The study used Drosophila melanogaster fruit flies and found sex- and age-specific variations in their microbiome composition.
A new study reveals climate change has dramatically altered the Sierra Nevada's aquatic ecosystem, impacting water resources. The research found that the region's snowpack and lake sediments show significant changes in response to warming temperatures, posing major threats to California's water supply.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports found that individuals with inflexible metabolisms exhibit higher carbohydrate oxidation rates at night, indicating a reduced ability to burn fat during sleep. This discovery has the potential for practical use in disease prevention and early intervention.
A UMass Amherst researcher found that walking 7,000 steps per day significantly reduces middle-aged mortality risk, but further increases do not provide additional benefits. The study analyzed data from over 2,100 participants and suggests that even small increments in physical activity can have substantial health implications.
Researchers found that certain species of gut bacteria accumulate human drugs, altering their types, activity, and metabolism. This can change the effectiveness of the drug both directly and indirectly, affecting side effects.
A newly improved robotic cane, funded by NIH/National Eye Institute, uses a color 3D camera, inertial measurement sensor, and onboard computer to guide users to desired locations while avoiding obstacles. The device can provide accurate navigation assistance in large spaces with sensory and auditory cues.
Researchers developed a novel concept to predict COVID-19 severity using immunologic resilience, which was linked to patient outcomes such as mortality, hospitalization, and SARS-CoV-2 levels. The study found that patients with inferior immune health grades had higher risks of severe illness and poorer outcomes.
Researchers found that trees tap into bedrock water stores, relying on them during droughts and dry summers. This discovery overturns assumptions about where trees get their water, highlighting the importance of accounting for rock moisture in understanding forest ecosystem function.
A study in rural Bangladesh found that iron supplements have no effect on child cognitive function, language, and motor development. While iron supplements improved anaemia in children, they had no impact on growth, behavior, or developmental delays.
A new study has identified abnormal crosstalk between platelets and cells lining blood vessels as a cause of deadly organ damage in severe COVID-19 patients. The study found that protein signals from platelets can create inflammation, abnormal clotting, and damage to vessels when exposed to the pandemic virus.
Houser and Co-Principal Investigator Moumita Roy plan a lab experiment to analyze the effect of shared group identity on leader effectiveness. The project aims to contribute to policy suggestions on increasing diversity and inclusion in leadership.
The university will acquire an optical tweezer to study colloidal copolymer chains, protein binding strength and other phenomena. The instrument will be made available to Rice researchers and collaborators.
A survey of 147 medical professionals found that smaller endotracheal tube sizes reduce complications in professional voice users. The team hopes to establish evidence-based practices for managing the airways of these patients, who are particularly vulnerable to damage from intubation.
A new study found that mitochondrial biogenesis is enhanced in early-stage apoptotic cells under certain conditions, positively correlating with apoptosis at a later stage. This result challenges the previous notion of negative correlation between mitochondrial biogenesis and apoptosis.
The 2020 Monitoring the Future survey found significant increases in marijuana and hallucinogen use among college students, while daily or near-daily marijuana use rose. In contrast, vaping marijuana and nicotine levels plateaued after sharp increases between 2017 and 2019, while alcohol use declined significantly.
A panel of international experts recommends a trial of non-inhaled medical cannabis or cannabinoids for people with moderate to severe chronic pain, where standard care is insufficient. The recommendation is based on systematic reviews of 32 trials and found small improvements in pain intensity but no benefits in emotional functioning.