A new recycling system has been developed to decompose epoxy resins in an aqueous solution of glutathione, allowing for the recovery of recyclable materials. The system shows promise for promoting the reuse of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) and reducing environmental pollution.
A recent study published in JAMA Network investigated the potential link between epidural analgesia during labor and autism spectrum disorder in children. The research found that administration of epidural analgesia during labor was not significantly associated with autism spectrum disorder in offspring.
MIT engineers create system to measure generation rate and survival time of CTCs in real-time, revealing variability between different tumor types. The study suggests that small cell lung tumors can shed up to 100,000 CTCs per hour, while non-small cell lung tumors and pancreatic tumors shed fewer cells.
Researchers at KAUST have developed a new type of wireless strain sensor that offers improved sensitivity and accuracy. The sensor uses fragmented electrodes to detect changes in electrical resistance or capacitance, allowing for real-time monitoring of material strains.
Scientists from the University of Warwick found that orangutan call signals, similar to precursors to human language, can travel far without losing meaning. This contradicts current mathematical models predicting sound degradation with distance, suggesting a new approach to understanding language evolution.
The game app 'Kitty Q' combines science and entertainment to introduce children and teenagers to quantum physics, with a focus on attracting girls to STEM fields. The app features over 20 puzzles based on scientific facts from quantum physics, designed to awaken curiosity and encourage trying things out.
Research suggests that breastfeeding for at least 6-12 months significantly reduces the risk of developing type 1 diabetes. In contrast, higher consumption of cow's milk and dairy products during childhood is associated with a higher risk of islet autoimmunity and T1D.
Researchers found that antidepressants inhibit the growth of pancreatic and colon cancers in mice by blocking a mechanism used by cancer cells to evade the immune system. The findings suggest a promising approach for combining antidepressant drugs with immunotherapy to treat incurable cancers.
Problem-solving therapy led to short-term changes in the amygdala, a key region for emotion regulation, in individuals with comorbid depression and obesity. The study suggests that neural target changes at two months predicted improved behavioral outcomes after 12 months.
A new study by ANU researchers has found human impacts such as deforestation and mining have significantly transformed Lake Kutubu's algal and geochemical compositions. The lake is now showing signs of ecosystem collapse, including plumes of chemicals and health issues for local communities.
A promising radionuclide treatment has been identified for HER2-positive breast cancer patients, combining radioactive iodine therapy with single-domain antibodies targeting the HER2 antigen. The treatment demonstrates safety and efficacy in a phase I study, paving the way for further clinical development.
A new study suggests microgreens can be grown in small spaces indoors with minimal inputs, providing a reliable source of essential nutrients and antioxidants. Microgreens offer great potential as an efficient food-resilience resource for addressing malnutrition issues and nutrition-security inequality.
A clinical trial conducted by TTUHSC researchers found that corneal epithelial stem cell-derived eye drops significantly improved symptoms of severe dry eye disease, with patients experiencing a 23% improvement in SPEED questionnaire scores and a 17.1% improvement in OSDI scores. No adverse reactions were reported during the 12-week tr...
Researchers discovered a cheap and naturally occurring chemical compound that can prevent or reverse the effects of the deformed wing virus in bees. Bees fed with this compound before becoming infected were nine times more likely to survive the virus after five days.
A recent study reveals the physical properties responsible for Ca2RuO4's negative thermal expansion (NTE), a phenomenon where materials shrink when heated. The research proposes a new route to designing unconventional NTE materials, which could lead to the creation of composites showing no overall thermal expansion.
A study by Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz found that genetically diverse ant colonies produce more larvae than those with similar genetic backgrounds. This improved division of labor allows for more efficient task allocation, leading to better colony performance.
The National Science Foundation has awarded Penn State $1.5 million as part of the Mid-Atlantic NSF I-Corps Hub, enabling entrepreneurial training and research commercialization across the region. The hub will foster collaboration among eight universities to identify promising research and support diverse innovators.
A study by University of California, Davis researchers analyzed hundreds of Twitter and Reddit posts after news coverage of sexual assaults. They found that language in news reports can contribute to uncivil social media posts, including blaming victims and defending perpetrators. The study suggests that journalists may need to change ...
Research shows that people with disabilities were disproportionately excluded from pandemic planning and relief efforts, but representative disability groups provided life-saving support. Disability organisations worked tirelessly without funding to plug gaps, highlighting the need for inclusive disaster responses.
A study by University of Cologne economists found that social distancing measures reduced people's mobility by 30% and prevented over 80% of COVID-19 infections and 60% of deaths in Germany within the first three weeks, saving an estimated 500,000 infections and 5,400 deaths
Children do not understand theory of mind until age 6 or 7, according to Arizona State University researchers. They rely on perceptual access reasoning, which involves using visual cues to make decisions, rather than understanding others' mental states.
Researchers at Purdue University developed a new method for rapid, continuous projection multi-photon 3D printing, allowing for the creation of complex structures in under a second. This technique uses spatiotemporal focusing to print entire layers instantly, enabling the production of smooth and complex shapes without layering artifacts.
A new UK-wide facility will analyze innovative nanotechnologies for healthcare applications, enabling improved understanding of their performance and safety. The Multiscale Metrology Suite will provide access to world-leading technology for scientists across the UK.
The study reveals vast differences in gene expression and cytokine response across different chemotherapy agents, shedding light on their mechanisms of efficacy and toxicity in colorectal cancer. The findings contribute to the understanding of molecular bases of response in CRC tumors exposed to these drugs.
Researchers have developed an all-optical processor that uses spatially-engineered diffractive surfaces to compute arbitrary linear transforms, eliminating the need for digital processors. The processing speed is comparable to light propagation, and the system consumes no power except for illumination.
A study found type 2 diabetes linked to higher mortality risk in hospitalised COVID patients than type 1; older age and high CRP also associated with increased risk. A model can predict which patients are at higher risk of death using age and CRP as variables.
Researchers developed a WC-20CrC-7Ni coating with high anti-cavitation resistance, extending the life of aquatic environment mechanisms. The coating's fine structure increases surface area, requiring more energy for crack formation. This innovation can protect critical equipment parts in power engineering, metallurgy, and shipbuilding.
Researchers have developed patient-specific whole-heart models to predict risk of sudden cardiac death and outcomes of cardiac procedures. These models incorporate individual geometry, structure, and other patient-specific information, enabling personalized diagnosis and treatment.
A new study by MIT scientists uses a novel gene-analyzing technique to estimate that oxygenic photosynthesis first originated around 2.9 billion years ago. This evolutionary innovation allowed for the accumulation of oxygen in the atmosphere and oceans, paving the way for life on Earth.
Researchers found that great tits nesting near healthy oak trees advance their egg-laying timing more than those near unhealthy oaks. The variation in timing is linked to the health of nearby oak trees and reveals patterns masked by population-wide studies.
A new meta-analysis found that intense exercise before bedtime can negatively impact sleep quality if done too close to bedtime. In contrast, exercising in the early evening can promote better sleep duration and onset. The study's authors emphasize the importance of considering individual sleep patterns and schedules.
The Imageomics Institute, led by The Ohio State University, aims to use machine learning methodologies to extract biological traits from images of living organisms. Experts like Chuck Stewart will utilize computer vision and artificial intelligence to help infer phylogenetic traits from images.
A new platform enables simultaneous meeting of three critical requirements: low defect density, large dimension, and efficient light coupling with Si-waveguides. The monolithic InP/SOI platform features sub-micron wires and membranes grown using lateral aspect ratio trapping.
Researchers used human pluripotent stem cells and organoids to study SARS-CoV-2 infection, finding that it can infect multiple cell types, including lung, colon, heart, liver, and pancreatic cells. The virus alters cellular function, including reducing insulin production in pancreatic beta cells.
A study published in PLOS Biology suggests that machine learning models using viral genomes can predict the likelihood of an animal-infecting virus infecting humans. The researchers identified generalizable features in viral genomes that are independent of taxonomic relationships and developed models to identify candidate zoonoses.
A comprehensive review finds that cruise ships cause major environmental pollution and degradation, as well as physical and mental health risks for passengers, staff, and land-based residents. The study highlights the need for global legislation to minimize damage on both oceans and human health.
The USPSTF updates its recommendation to include low-dose aspirin use, which demonstrates reduced risks of perinatal death, and is consistent with its previous 2014 recommendation. Preeclampsia affects approximately 4% of pregnancies in the US and is a serious health complication.
A new 12-week mind-body program has been shown to be highly effective in treating chronic back pain, with 64% of participants reporting being completely pain-free after six months. The program, called Psychophysiologic Symptom Relief Therapy (PSRT), addresses underlying stressors and psychological contributors to persistent pain.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have created microscopic metavehicles that can be controlled and maneuvered using light. By layering an optical metasurface onto a particle and using a light source to control it, the vehicles can move in complex patterns and even transport other objects.
A new study reconstructed the Kuroshio Current Extension's past behavior, finding it was sensitive to global climate change during the Pliocene era. The current's sensitivity to CO2 levels is a concern for its potential impact on ecosystems, weather patterns, and regional climates.
Researchers report that pevonedistat inhibits NEDD8-activating enzyme, leading to cell cycle arrest and anaphase catastrophe in malignant T-cells. This effect may be coupled with immunomodulatory activity, suggesting pevonedistat as a potential therapeutic approach for T-cell lymphoma.
Researchers found that a specific gene, OAS1, plays a crucial role in activating SARS-CoV-2 cellular defenses, and its prenylated form is essential for antiviral activity. Patients with the non-prenylated form had more severe COVID-19 outcomes.
A large study of over 88,000 participants found that addressing key risk factors such as smoking, diet, and blood pressure can lower dementia risk in those with type 2 diabetes. The study also showed improvements in cognitive function and brain structure with greater adherence to treatment targets.
A study analyzed genetic material from 86 discordant couples infected by SARS-CoV-2 and found associations between certain genetic variants and efficient activation of natural killer cells. These cells play a crucial role in the innate immune response, destroying infected cells to prevent disease development.
Researchers found that brood parasites have larger eyes than host birds, which may help them avoid detection. Birds with larger eyes relative to their body mass are also less likely to have their nests parasitized.
Researchers found that a low opening offer can be effective if it's within a 'fair game' window, avoiding negative emotions, but not so low that it backfires. A balance must be struck to achieve a better outcome in negotiations.
Researchers at North Carolina State University developed a simple, cost-effective method to deposit liquid metal copper alloy nanoparticles onto fabrics, creating an effective antiviral and antimicrobial coating. The coating eradicated over 99% of pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, within five minutes.
The study found that countries with high CO2 prices experienced significant reductions in CO2 emissions, while those without saw less of an impact. Countries heavily reliant on coal saw the most noticeable drop in emissions, as expensive certificates replaced 'dirty' electricity with alternative energy sources.
A recent discovery at Tikal reveals a previously unknown neighborhood designed to replicate Teotihuacan's citadel, sparking new insights into the interaction between the two civilizations. Excavations found evidence of occupation and surveillance, as well as artifacts linking Tikal to Teotihuacan's imperial power.
Researchers found low T cell infiltration in glioblastoma tissue, with higher CD8+ TIL density at recurrence. The study suggests that immune checkpoint inhibition may not be effective due to limited tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte density.
Studies found distinct patterns in nasal microbiota of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2, with symptomatic patients showing reduced bacterial counts and increased presence of certain bacteria. The findings suggest that altered microbiota may impact immune response to the virus.
Research finds that human settlement led to increased fires and soil erosion, altering unique island ecosystems in Macaronesia. The study also shows that colonial-era settlers had a greater impact on vegetation than aboriginal settlers.
A study by researchers at Baylor College of Medicine reveals that supercoiling and looping in DNA can transmit mechanical stress along the backbone, promoting separation of strands and exposure of DNA bases. This phenomenon, known as 'action at a distance,' suggests a new perspective on how DNA activities are regulated.
Researchers have developed ultra-thin, defect-free superconducting flakes for use in quantum computing. The twist angle of the flakes is used to modulate the maximum supercurrent, creating an extremely sensitive magnetic field sensor. This breakthrough has potential applications in healthcare and mineral exploration.
Pediatric oncologist Adam Green and his team have discovered genetic mutations that may predict the development of these secondary tumors, allowing for early detection and alternative treatments. They are also exploring FDA-approved chemotherapy drugs as potential treatments.
Researchers tracked individual Kirtland's Warblers and found that their gut bacteria differed in The Bahamas and Michigan. This suggests that birds' microbiomes adapt to changing environments during migration.
A study by the University of Missouri found that people are more likely to praise someone for good deeds if they know the person has also faced suffering earlier in life. This discovery sheds light on how humans process and react to positive behaviors, such as giving praise.
A study published in BMJ Open found a significant link between asymmetric brain arteries and the likelihood of developing a cerebral aneurysm. The research suggests that MRI and CT angiograms can be used to screen people with asymmetrical brain arteries for cerebral aneurysms, providing a new tool for monitoring those at risk.
A neural model suggests that conspiracy theories are a result of the brain's tendency to simplify complex information and associate it with emotional experiences. This theory challenges traditional views on the origins of conspiracy theories, proposing a link between genetic determinism and neuronal activity.
A study published in PLOS Biology found that Asian elephants successfully cooperated in 80% of trials, using strategies like fighting back or moving sides to prevent cheating. However, cooperation quickly broke down when one partner could monopolize the reward, revealing a complex dynamic in their social behavior.