Researchers at Northwestern University developed a synthetic material that can trigger reversible cell signaling, enabling potential treatments for Parkinson's and other diseases. The material can be used to control stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and return to a proliferative state on demand.
Researchers use ALMA to capture intricate 3-D rendering of newly formed molecules inside the supernova remnant, revealing previously undetected molecules such as formyl cation and sulfur monoxide. The study provides new insights into the physical instabilities inside a supernova and its impact on the surrounding interstellar space.
A team led by Northwestern University's Erik Luijten and Steve Granick discovered a non-equilibrium system that quantitatively behaves like an equilibrium system. The finding could lead to a set of rules making it possible to predict the properties of non-equilibrium systems.
A recent study at the University of Pennsylvania found that commercial brain training with Lumosity had no effect on decision-making or cognitive function. The researchers recruited two groups, one following Lumosity and the other playing online video games, but neither group showed improvements in brain activity or decision-making.
Supplementation with lutein and zeaxanthin isomers has been shown to improve macular pigment optical density, visual performance, and reduce symptoms of blue light exposure. The study found a significant reduction in eye strain and fatigue after six months of supplementation.
A new study by MIT economists reveals that hospitals investing more in inpatient care yield better results than those relying on skilled nursing facilities after discharge. This is particularly true for elderly Medicare recipients, who experience lower mortality rates when receiving quality initial care.
Medical expenditures in the US have increased by 47% between 1996-1997 and 2011-2012, mainly due to higher prescription drug use. However, primary care physician visits and home health care costs remained relatively stable.
Researchers have discovered a 'reverse energy cascade' that traps rising magma in the crust, forming massive granite bodies like Yosemite's El Capitan. This process helps build better understanding of volcanoes, their impacts on global climate, and where large volcanoes are likely to occur.
Patient recordings of doctor's visits are becoming more common, but laws governing them vary by state. In states with 'one-party' consent rules, patients can record clinical encounters without the doctor's permission, while in 'all-party' jurisdictions, covert recordings are illegal unless all parties consent.
Researchers studied the structure of MDGA1/Neuroligin-2 complex, revealing how it negatively modulates synapse development. The study provides key findings on the mechanism of action of MDGAs in regulating excitatory/inhibitory synapses.
Scientists found that selecting longer-lived sperm increases the survival prospects and quality of offspring. The study used zebrafish to demonstrate that this selection can also carry over to the next generation. Longer-lived sperm produced offspring with higher fitness, including increased survival rates and faster swimming speeds.
A recent study suggests that the human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) may impede the brain's ability to repair itself in diseases like multiple sclerosis. The virus produces a protein called U94 that can impair the normal function of cells in the brain, potentially accelerating disease progression.
A team of UA astronomers proposes a scenario that reconciles observed disk features and the population of planets in our galaxy. They simulated protoplanetary disks using synthetic observations to account for the formation of multiple gaps, challenging conventional theories.
Scientists from the University of Cambridge and Tokyo Institute of Technology found that rangeomorphs, some of the first large organisms, grew up to two meters tall by changing their body shape to extract nutrients. This adaptation allowed them to thrive in a changing ocean environment.
A team of Würzburg physicists has developed a new concept for topological insulators that can process data at room temperature, eliminating the need for extreme cooling. This breakthrough could lead to efficient information technology and advances in spintronics.
Researchers found that Ptbp2 regulates RNA processing during sperm development, controlling over 200 genes involved in movement and communication. Without the protein, sperm development went awry, leading to defects in cellular processes.
Researchers found that adults with bulimia nervosa have elevated reward-related brain activation in response to taste, which may explain their drive to eat even when not hungry. The study suggests that new treatment therapies targeting specific brain pathways could be effective.
A study found that age and obesity create a perfect storm that damages the tiny blood vessels that directly feed the heart muscle, leading to reduced blood flow and increased risk of heart failure. The inflammation caused by both factors thickens the walls of these microvasculature, making them less able to dilate and sustain the heart.
Researchers at Ohio State University have created ice crystals with near-perfect cubic arrangement of water molecules, a form of ice that may exist in high-altitude clouds. The ability to study cubic ice in the lab could improve computer models of climate change and enhance our understanding of water.
A new study indicates that Holocaust survivors have a small but consistent increase in cancer risk, linked to extreme population-level tragedies. Survivors exposed to starvation, overcrowding, and psychological stress had higher risks of developing certain types of cancer, including colorectal and lung cancers.
A large-scale study of daily step data from anonymous smartphone users in over 100 countries reveals how countries, genders, and community types fare in terms of physical activity. The study found that countries with greater activity variation have a larger proportion of inactive women and higher obesity rates.
A network of microscopic crystals in magma can act like guard rails to channel gas out, lessening internal pressure and reducing explosiveness. The discovery challenges the prevailing assumption that silica content is the major driver of gas escape.
A new study challenges a sociological theory that explains how men respond to sexual assault with anger and criminal activity, while women are more likely to respond with depression and sadness. Researchers found that male victims of sexual assault have higher depression scores than individuals who have not been sexually assaulted.
A recent study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that moderate to heavy coffee consumption was linked to a lower risk of death from various causes. The research, which analyzed data from over 215,000 participants, suggests that the association is not tied to caffeine.
A new review paper emphasizes the need for tailored approaches to address unique health needs of women, particularly minority populations. The paper highlights the importance of sex and gender science, personalized care, and public reporting of data to improve cardiovascular health outcomes.
A new gene mutation, RFWD3, has been linked to defective DNA repair and Fanconi anemia, a rare genetic disorder. The mutation was found in a 12-year-old patient without known Fanconi anemia genes, and cells from the patient showed increased susceptibility to DNA damage.
A team of international researchers, including those from Kansas State University, successfully decoded the genetic code of wild emmer, a wild ancestor of wheat. This allows for comparisons with modern wheat varieties to be made, potentially leading to improvements in traits such as drought tolerance and disease resistance.
The Wyss Center is working on a $19M project to develop a high-resolution, implantable neural interface network that can record and stimulate neural activity. The system, dubbed 'neurograins', aims to provide new treatments for sensory deficits and monitor physiological parameters in real-time.
A landmark study found that people who drink around three cups of coffee per day may live longer than non-coffee drinkers. Higher levels of coffee consumption were associated with reduced risk of death from all causes, particularly circulatory and digestive diseases.
A team of architects and chemists from the University of Cambridge has designed super-stretchy and strong fibres almost entirely composed of water. The new method improves upon earlier methods of making synthetic spider silk without high-energy procedures or extensive use of harmful solvents.
A cluster randomized factorial trial found that training and support have a lasting impact on primary care clinicians' delivery of screening and advice to heavy drinkers. The study suggests that repeated training and support can lead to an increase in the volume of brief interventions delivered to heavy drinking patients.
A new study describes a method to save lives in chemical attacks by predicting the trajectory of released chemical plumes. The research team developed an early warning prediction system using a weather forecasting model and local sensor data, which was able to accurately predict the spread of gas in a recent Syrian attack.
A study by The Ottawa Hospital found that delayed emergency surgeries are associated with a higher mortality risk, longer hospital stays, and increased healthcare costs. The researchers also identified reasons for delays, including lack of operating room or staff availability.
A University of Alberta study found that patients receiving 24/7 intensivist physician care had a lower risk of major complications and readmission compared to those cared for by resident physicians. Patients also experienced less time on mechanical ventilation and fewer surgical postponements.
A new study finds over 30% of vertebrate species are declining in population size and range, with tropical regions hit hardest. The research suggests that the disappearance of species tells only part of the story of human impact on Earth's animals.
Researchers have documented a rare phenomenon where humpback whales flap their foreflippers like penguins or sea lions to move forward. This novel behavior helps scientists understand the abilities and anatomy of these mysterious animals.
Scientists have introduced a new, phosphorus-containing rubber analogue with similar properties to natural rubber. The polymerization of this compound offers prospects for further derivatization and crosslinking, enabling unique architectures and properties in commercial rubbers.
A collaborative effort between citizen volunteers and researchers has led to the identification of seven fly species that parasitize monarch butterfly caterpillars. The study found that 9.8% of monitored monarchs were parasitized, with Lespesia archippivora being the most abundant species.
Research found a link between maternal smoking during pregnancy and increased odds of juvenile conduct disorder and adult antisocial personality disorder. The association was independent of other risk factors often present in smokers, suggesting a small to moderate causal effect on offspring's behavior.
Brown University is developing a fully implantable wireless brain interface system with 'neurograins' that can record and stimulate neural activity with unprecedented detail. The system aims to create a cortical intranet of wireless micro-devices for safe and precise brain-computer interaction.
A new clinical decision rule uses point scores and C-reactive protein to diagnose acute rhinosinusitis with good accuracy. The rule successfully identifies patients at low risk for bacterial infection, leading to more conservative use of antibiotics.
A research team has revealed intrinsic gene expression patterns of glioblastoma tumors, which could drive more effective treatments. The study found that tumor microenvironment cells contribute to the 'ecosystem' of hundreds of GBM tumors, influencing treatment outcomes and response to immunotherapy.
A meta-analysis of 25 years of research reveals that perceived overqualification leads to negative job attitudes, psychological strain, and deviant behaviors. Younger, overeducated, and narcissistic individuals are more likely to report higher levels of perceived overqualification.
NASA satellites studied Hurricane Eugene in infrared and visible light, capturing images of its eye opening and closing. The storm caused dangerous ocean swells along the western coast of Baja California, Mexico, despite being far from land.
Researchers at CNIO found that Plk1 inhibitors can cause hypertension and severe cardiovascular problems, suggesting a need for more thorough studies on protein functions. The study used laboratory mice to model human diseases, revealing the critical role of Plk1 in maintaining blood pressure.
Researchers found that particular bonobo males have a strong advantage over others when it comes to fathering offspring, with one male fathering over 60% of the next generation. This finding challenges previous assumptions about female choice and social dynamics in bonobos.
Forensic scientists at Nagoya University have successfully extracted human DNA from mosquitoes' stomachs and amplified it using PCR techniques. The team found that human DNA remained viable in mosquito blood for up to two days after feeding, providing a new tool for crime scene investigators.
Residents reflect on patient struggles, joys, and future goals to cultivate inner lives and balance professional and personal selves. Writing reflections helps physicians integrate their emotions, spirituality, and clinical expertise.
Scientists successfully demonstrated quantum communication between a satellite and a ground station, enabling the development of future satellite constellations. The technology uses lasers for high power efficiency and smaller terminals, facilitating the adoption of quantum key distribution for secure information transmission.
A NASA study found that human presence in closed habitats increases fungal diversity and changes the composition of the mycobiome. Fungi, known for their ability to thrive in harsh environments, can become opportunistic pathogens in humans.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine suggests that on-site pill-testing services can reduce the risks associated with recreational drug use. The researchers found that people are more likely to reject taking a pill if it contains harmful additives or is adulterated.
Researchers at the University of New Hampshire have successfully extended the state's strawberry growing season to 19 weeks, increasing marketable fruit from 70% to 83%. The project uses low tunnels and day-neutral varieties to improve berry quality and extend the season.
A new dissolvable device made from polyethylene glycol and dihydroxyacetone has shown promise in preventing intestinal damage during surgical incisions. The flexible material can be left behind in the abdominal cavity, protecting vital structures until the final sutures are made.
A comprehensive global effort is needed to address the growing burden of hearing loss, with half a billion people affected worldwide. The proposal emphasizes increased access to screenings, treatments, and preventive measures, as well as low-cost interventions using smartphones and telemedicine.
Researchers found that high-load training conditions the nervous system to transmit electrical signals from the brain to muscles, increasing force production. The study replicated previous findings with similar growth in muscle but greater strength gains in the high-load group.
A new study published in Nature Communications has found that the hygroscopicity of inorganic components in sea spray is significantly lower than previously thought. This discovery could alter our understanding of how sea spray affects global climate patterns, as it influences cloud formation and solar radiation interaction.
Experts warn that concussions in Para athletes are a growing concern due to the high-risk nature of certain sports. Key findings include a lack of guidance on managing concussion in Para sports and inadequate assessment tools, making it challenging to identify and address potential head injuries.
A Temple-led research team found a notable decrease in IVC filter usage following the FDA advisory, with implantation rates remaining high compared to European countries. The study also showed that VTE-related hospitalization rates remained steady despite the decline in IVC filter use.
A malaria drug approved for treating certain autoimmune diseases during pregnancy may also reduce the transmission of Zika virus from mother to fetus. The study found that inhibiting autophagy with hydroxychloroquine limited Zika infection in fetal head and led to a larger body size, suggesting potential benefits.
According to a study published in Nature Ecology & Evolution, plants produce defensive chemicals like methyl jasmonate that deter herbivores. When these chemicals are present, caterpillars become more likely to turn to cannibalism, benefiting the plant by reducing herbivore populations.
A new study suggests that certain viruses in the intestines may affect a person's chance of developing Type 1 diabetes. Children with less diverse gut viral communities are more likely to generate self-destructive antibodies, while those carrying a specific circovirus group are less likely to develop the disease.
The SRK-015 antibody program demonstrated beneficial effects in a preclinical model of spinal cord injury, reducing muscle atrophy, fat infiltration, and improving muscle function. The findings support the potential of SRK-015 to address unmet needs in treating degenerative neuromuscular conditions.
Researchers at Marshall University found that patients who recover from invasive pneumococcal pneumonia have a significantly shortened lifespan compared to life expectancy tables. The study suggests that pneumococcal vaccination is crucial for all adults over 65 and younger adults with chronic diseases.
Two new species of fish, Leporinus enyae and Leporinus villasboasorum, have been named by scientists from the Orinoco River drainage after Irish singer Enya. The discoveries highlight the region's biodiversity and the importance of preserving unique lineages.
Researchers at Medical University of South Carolina found a significant correlation between microstructural white matter changes and aphasia recovery after speech therapy. The study supports the dual-stream language model and highlights the importance of structural plasticity in semantic skills, leading to improved treatment outcomes.
The presence of surface and buried crude oil affects redox in wetland soils under flooded and drained conditions. Researchers found that oil slowed oxygen transport into the root zone, increasing stress on plants.
A new DARPA project aims to create an implanted brain-interface device with one million channels to support brain function. The device, developed by Columbia University researchers, uses silicon electronics and wireless powering for non-invasive stimulation and recording from the sensory cortex.
Researchers at Stockholm University found a link between the West African Monsoon and ENSO variability, revealing reduced variability by 30-60% compared to pre-industrial times. Accounting for a vegetated and less dusty Sahara improved model simulations and provided insights into future climate change predictions.
A Phase II study found that increasing radiotherapy doses to hypoxic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lesions, identified by PET/CT scans, did not improve patient outcomes. The study suggests that smaller volumes of tumors with hypoxia may be more effectively targeted for radiotherapy.
A Danish-led study found that microbes in Greenland's ice sheet can resist and degrade globally-emitted pollutants like mercury, lead, and PAHs. The research highlights the need for more attention to the release of anthropogenic contaminants as climate change melts the ice sheets.
Research reveals black adults are twice as likely to experience fatal first cardiac events compared to whites. The study suggests social determinants of health and cardiovascular risk factors contribute to this disparity.
A recent study by UMass Amherst researchers found that certain beneficial gut bacteria can grow when fed a carbohydrate in cranberries, exhibiting a special nontypical metabolism. The findings could lead to new supplements or food products with potential health benefits.
A meta-analysis of 19,760 patients found S-DAPT associated with higher rates of myocardial infarction but lower TIMI major bleeding compared to L-DAPT. The optimal DAPT duration remains unclear due to varying patient risks and agent choices.
Researchers have successfully produced functional arterial cells using new techniques, exhibiting key functions required by the body. Mice treated with these cells showed an 83% survival rate, compared to 33% for controls, and demonstrated improved artery formation and survival.
A national survey found that Medicaid enrollees are mostly satisfied with their health care coverage and access to physicians. Most reported being able to get necessary care, while few faced barriers due to waiting times or insurance issues. The study suggests that Medicaid meets the needs of most enrollees.
Researchers discovered that sea spiders use gut peristalsis to move blood and oxygen throughout their bodies, not hearts. This unique system allows for efficient gas transport and highlights the diversity of solutions in animal physiology.
A national survey of rural physicians found significant barriers to prescribing buprenorphine for opioid use disorder, including time constraints and lack of mental health support services. The study calls for tailored strategies to address these barriers and support physicians in providing Buprenorphine Maintenance Treatment.
A novel theory explains how metal nanoparticles form, revealing a balance between bond strength and ligand binding. This understanding enables the creation of more efficient and sustainable nanoparticle production processes for applications like biolabeling and targeted drug delivery.
Two large studies published in Annals of Internal Medicine suggest that higher coffee consumption is associated with a lower risk for death, particularly among whites and non-white populations. The studies found that moderate to high coffee intake was linked to reduced mortality rates for diseases such as digestive tract disorders and ...
Researchers at Cornell University and Harvard Medical School have observed the bacterial defense mechanism against invaders, revealing how CRISPR sites store molecular memories of invaders. The study provides structural data to improve CRISPR operations' efficiency and accuracy.
Drexel University researchers develop new battery electrode designs using highly conductive MXene material, achieving tens of milliseconds charging time. The design enables ultrafast energy storage devices that can store more energy than conventional supercapacitors.
Researchers found that sildenafil reduced clumping of blood platelets by 30 percent and increased activity of an enzyme that helps prevent restenosis. If similar results are found in clinical trials, sildenafil could be used to coat drug-eluting stents or given orally after stent implantation.
Researchers have successfully delivered a gene therapy to the brains of mice with mucopolysaccharidosis type 1, preventing neurologic deficits. The noninvasive intranasal approach shows promise for treating genetic disorders affecting the brain.
Primary care physicians identify barriers to deprescribing, including patient expectations and organizational constraints. Less experienced physicians face additional challenges, highlighting the need for supportive interventions to promote safer prescribing practices.
Researchers from Rice University and Baylor College of Medicine have demonstrated a key step in generating implantable tissues with functioning capillaries. They used human endothelial cells and mesenchymal stem cells to initiate tubulogenesis, crucial for blood-transporting capillary formation.
A survey of 423 academics, students, postdoctoral researchers, and administrators found that 39% reported verbal harassment and 9% suffered physical harassment. Women, particularly minority women, were most likely to experience racist and sexist remarks.
Scientists at Rice University have developed a new material that combines flexibility and stiffness by infusing it with tiny pockets of liquid gallium. The composite exhibits higher energy absorption characteristics than traditional materials, making it suitable for applications such as shock absorbers and biomimetic structures.
A novel monoclonal antibody called emicizumab has been shown to decrease the incidence of bleeding episodes in patients with hemophilia A and inhibitors by 87%. This breakthrough therapy offers a more effective and safer alternative to traditional treatments, reducing the need for frequent dosing and minimizing side effects.
A study published in The FASEB Journal discovered that a commonly known protein complex can stimulate insulin secretion in pancreatic cells. This finding provides insights into new treatments for conditions where the body produces insufficient insulin, such as diabetes.
A study of rural primary care physicians found that younger physicians experience higher turnover rates than older counterparts, with 17% biennial turnover among younger physicians. Rural practice is particularly challenging, with non-retention worse in counties without a hospital or smaller population.
Researchers used a deep-diving robot to study deep scattering layers, finding that they contain discrete groups or 'schools' of squids, fishes, and crustaceans. These groups have distinct boundaries and are formed by similar-sized animals, with smaller animals staying closer together.
Research reveals that insured patients struggle to secure appointments with psychiatrists, highlighting the challenges of accessing behavioral health care. The study estimates that a patient may need to call seven to ten psychiatrists to find an available appointment, underscoring the need for improved access to mental health services.
A family physician shares her experience with patient denial and anger towards opioid prescription limits, but finds healing through medication-assisted treatment training. She urges healthcare professionals to recognize opioid addiction and support one another in providing treatment.
Researchers developed a method to generate large amounts of training data using computer graphics and motion capture technology. This allows for accurate pose recognition, including complex positions such as recumbent and crouching, enabling care robots to provide better care. The generated data is freely available for research purposes.
A change in cervical cancer screening guidelines led to a decrease in Pap testing and chlamydia testing among young women. Chlamydia testing declined by 26% in females aged 15-19, resulting in lower reported incidence rates for this age group.
A recent study found that care farming significantly improved veterans' mental well-being by increasing life satisfaction in three participants and optimism about future life satisfaction in two. The program also reduced perceived loneliness in two participants.
Aging individuals with implants face unique challenges due to immunosenescence and delayed immune responses. The study investigates the impact of aging on macrophage activity and white blood cell function, seeking ways to optimize implant success and minimize negative effects.
US medical expenditures increased by 47% between 1996-1997 and 2011-2012, driven largely by prescription drug use. Expenditures rose in most categories except primary care physicians and home health care, with the largest increases seen in specialty physicians, emergency department visits, and prescribed medications.
A widespread telehealth project in Brazil has reduced wait times for specialty consultations, while solo practices use patient-entered data to supercharge self-management. These innovations expand primary care access and enhance patient engagement.
Scientists have identified three inflammatory biomarkers that can detect traumatic brain injury (TBI) within hours of occurrence. The discovery could lead to the development of a test for diagnosing TBI on the sidelines of sports pitches or by paramedics, allowing for timely treatment and reduced disability.
Three case reports published in NEJM demonstrate the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy in gray zone lymphoma, a rare subtype of Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin forms of the disease. Nivolumab and pembrolizomab showed promising results in treating patients with PD-L1 over-expression.
Patients with opioid use disorder on buprenorphine are at significantly higher risk of death when in and out of treatment. The study found a 2.6 times increased risk of mortality compared to individuals without addiction issues during the same time period.
A new study by Michigan State University education scholars found that burnout among early-career teachers is contagious, with a stronger link to school-wide culture than close colleagues' burnout. The researchers analyzed survey data from over 400 teachers and found that schools can play a significant role in reducing teacher burnout.
Research suggests that women with bulimia nervosa use food as an escape from negative thoughts and self-criticism, as indicated by decreased blood flow in the brain's self-reflection region. The study found increased stress reduction and increased food cravings after consuming high-fat/high-sugar foods.
Researchers at Kyushu University developed a novel design strategy for efficient light-emitting molecules using excited-state intramolecular proton transfer, achieving highly efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence. This approach has the potential to improve the stability of OLEDs and unlock new properties.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory develop Multi-Tiered Iterative Phasing (M-TIP) algorithm to determine molecular structure from sparse and noisy single-particle diffraction data. This approach reduces the amount of required information, enabling the extraction of more features from limited experiments.
A study published in The Lancet found that exposure to the meningococcal group B vaccine reduced the likelihood of contracting gonorrhoea by approximately 31%. This is the first time a vaccine has shown any protection against gonorrhoea, offering a new avenue for vaccine development.
A study found that disrupting one night of sleep in healthy adults causes an increase in amyloid beta, a brain protein associated with Alzheimer's disease. A week of poor sleep also leads to an increase in tau protein, which has been linked to brain damage in Alzheimer's and other neurological diseases.
A new USC-led study reveals that Medicare Advantage plans pay physicians similar prices to traditional Medicare, with most procedures seeing reimbursement rates near parity. The researchers also found that commercial insurance pays higher prices for many services.
Scientists at Cardiff University have discovered new molecules, including formylium and sulphur monoxide, within the remnants of Supernova 1987A. This suggests that supernovae can create clouds of molecules and dust at extremely cold temperatures, similar to those in stellar nurseries where stars are born.
Medicaid enrollees gave their healthcare an average rating of 7.9 out of 10 for overall satisfaction. They also reported easily accessing physician care and having a usual source of care.
A new study from the University of East Anglia aims to improve policy and social work practice by addressing the knowledge gap about men in child protection. The research found that most men involved wanted to be part of their child's life, presenting both a risk and resource for their children.
Researchers at UC San Diego have invented a new method for controlling gene expression across bacterial colonies by engineering dynamic DNA copy number changes. This approach allows for the regulation of gene expression, enabling the creation of synthetic biological circuits that can be turned on and off.
Scientists have developed a method to defrost surfaces 10 times faster than normal using a superhydrophobic coating. The 'dynamic defrosting' technique involves creating air pockets under frost, allowing it to slide off easily and leaving the surface dry.
Researchers at MIT developed a system that allocates cache access on the fly to create tailored 'cache hierarchies' for specific programs, increasing processing speed by 20-30% and reducing energy consumption by 30-85%. The system, called Jenga, uses a sampling algorithm to efficiently evaluate tradeoffs between latency and space.
The study, analyzing 40,358 papers and 2,350 patents from 2004 to 2014, reveals that spatial relations on campus fuel collaboration. Researchers near colleagues are more likely to engage in substantive conversations, leading to increased collaborative activity.
The study analyzed data from 717,000 people in 111 countries and found that big gaps between activity levels coincided with higher obesity rates. The research also highlighted the powerful role of gender in country-to-country differences, with women affected more dramatically by negative consequences.
A new study of stalagmites from an Iranian cave suggests the Middle East will experience diminishing precipitation and no relief from drought in the next 10,000 years. The research links climate changes to solar insolation across Eurasia, indicating a prolonged dry spell.
A new Stanford study found that oxytocin improves social behavior in children with autism who have low oxytocin levels, but not those with high levels. The study suggests that baseline oxytocin levels can predict which children will benefit from oxytocin treatment.
Researchers at WashU Medicine found that hydroxychloroquine effectively blocks viral transmission to the fetus, protecting it from Zika infection. The study used mouse models to demonstrate that suppressing autophagy promotes Zika virus survival and infection in the placenta.
A new study found a 100% increase in medication errors per 100,000 U.S. residents from 2000 to 2012, with cardiovascular and analgesic medications being the most common causes of serious outcomes. Parents and caregivers are advised to keep written logs of medication administration to prevent errors.
A study found that MS patients with higher scores on a standardised questionnaire were more likely to die in the next 10 years. The Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29) asks patients to rate their symptoms, which can help doctors predict clinical outcomes and tailor treatment.
A team of researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital developed a potential therapy using stem cells loaded with oncolytic viruses to target skin cancer metastases in the brain. The study found that this approach led to the elimination of metastatic skin cancer cells from the brain, resulting in prolonged survival.
A proposed solution to disrupt healthcare disruptions is the creation of a chief primary care medical officer. This position would lead hospital efforts to create systems ensuring a complete primary care continuum, even for complex patients, resulting in improved value, reduced costs, and better health outcomes.
Researchers Joe Kable and Caryn Lerman found that a 10-week Lumosity training session had no effect on cognitive function or brain activity among young adults. Meanwhile, playing non-adaptive video games showed similar improvements in standard cognitive assessments as the control group.
Researchers have characterized the function of ant receptors that identify odorant blends, revealing a more complex system than previously thought. This breakthrough may lead to new insights into ant social structure and communication, as well as effective methods for controlling insect populations.
Research found that reduced mastication in mice led to suppressed maxillofacial bone and muscle growth, as well as reduced neural activity in the hippocampus, a key component of memory. This study suggests maintaining or strengthening masticatory function may help prevent dementia and memory/learning dysfunction.
A new study reveals oil spills can alter the structure of aquatic food webs, leading to increased fish populations like menhaden in the Gulf of Mexico. The research found that the loss of top predators reduced predation on forage fish, resulting in a surge in their abundance after the 2010 Deepwater Horizon blowout.
Ambiguous losses in physicians' roles can cause stress and grief, which contributes to burnout if not acknowledged. A proposed solution is supporting physicians in addressing their grief, rather than focusing on resilience training.
A new analysis tool reveals energy storage technologies can predict when they become cost-effective, with electric cars leading the way. The study predicts electric cars could rival petrol as early as 2022 and home batteries become competitive by the 2030s.
A randomized clinical trial investigated whether allowing infants to self-feed solid foods reduces the risk of overweight. The study found that a baby-led approach did not improve energy self-regulation or body weight but showed benefits in attitudes towards food.
Research by the University of Lincoln and European scientists shows that individual characteristics, such as age and social hierarchy, significantly impact how quickly birds explore new objects. Neotic style, or fear of new things, affects when they choose to investigate but not their level of exploration.
Researchers found that female zebra finches need to hear their father's song to develop the ability to distinguish between high-quality and low-quality courtship songs. The study suggests that environmental factors play a crucial role in shaping the developing brain's perception of vocal signals.
The study found that men have a higher plaque burden than women, and that it increases with age. The 3D vascular ultrasound technique has the potential to become a key screening tool for identifying at-risk individuals.
The University of Bath is opening a global centre of excellence in advanced propulsion systems, expected to create over 1,900 new jobs and stimulate £67m in additional research investment by 2025. The Institute will attract sector-related businesses and generate economic growth.
A new study has identified 18 genetic variations associated with lung cancer risk and 10 new gene variations. The research, conducted by an international team, used a special research platform called OncoArray to gather genotype data from different studies worldwide.
Family physicians are well-qualified to treat addiction due to their focus on relationships, communities, and team-based care. Primary care physicians must be responsible for the initial and longitudinal care of patients with substance use disorders, and specialized services must be widely available and accessible.
A new study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that patients experiencing delayed emergency surgery are at a higher risk of death and have longer hospital stays. The delays were primarily caused by staff and operating room unavailability, highlighting the need for spare capacity to ensure timely access to care.
Researchers at USC and Georgia Tech will develop a powerful new data-analysis platform to process massive amounts of graph data in real-time, with potential applications in security, consumer applications, and predicting cyber attacks. The goal is to achieve a 1000-fold speed-up in processing data.
A large-scale analysis found that non-Medicare patients accounted for nearly half of all short-term readmissions, while psychiatric disease and substance abuse were the most common diagnoses among non-elderly patients. Medicaid patients had very high rates of short-term readmissions across all age groups.
Researchers found trace element barium present in azurite blues, identifying a unique fingerprint that can help link scattered pages. This discovery may aid in provenance research and provide insights into trade routes and historic mining sites.