A multi-year initiative aimed at improving HIV health outcomes for Black men who have sex with men found improvements in retention in care, receipt of HIV prescriptions, and viral suppression. The project used evidence-based approaches to link, engage, and retain Black MSM with HIV in medical care and supportive services.
A recent study by Simon Fraser University researcher Julia Smith found that women healthcare providers experienced 'double distress' in both their workplaces and homes during the COVID-19 pandemic. The researchers listened to stories of women participants to understand the challenges they faced, including inadequate staffing, lack of c...
Research finds that school discipline and policing predict higher levels of substance use, developmental risk, binge drinking, smoking, and violence among students. The study also highlights the need for resources and services to address root causes of disciplinary and health problems.
A team of researchers at CU Boulder used X-ray CT scans to study the internal structure of bee swarms, revealing a sophisticated mathematical rule governing their arrangement. The discovery could lead to insights into how bees maintain stability despite having tiny brains and could inspire the design of more resilient buildings or robots.
A Phase II study found that the combination of relatlimab and nivolumab was safe and completely cleared all viable tumor in 57% of patients with stage III melanoma before surgery. The overall pathologic response rate was 70%, with no grade 3 or 4 immune-related adverse events reported.
A new study published in Nature Human Behaviour found that mimicking facial expressions of actors or moving the corners of one's mouth to cheeks increases happiness. Researchers from Stanford University and UniSA tested three techniques, with two yielding noticeable results.
A study by University of Louisville researchers found that exposure to e-cigarette aerosols can cause heart arrhythmias in animal models, promoting arrhythmias and cardiac electrical dysfunction. The study suggests that certain flavors or solvent vehicles in e-liquids may disrupt the heart's electrical conduction and provoke arrhythmias.
A review of COVID-19 and other adult vaccination efforts found that cash transfers and lottery programs had limited outcomes in increasing vaccination rates, with some studies showing a slight over 2% increase in coverage. Non-cash incentives also showed no significant impact on vaccination uptake.
Cubic boron arsenide's high thermal conductivity and surprising long-lasting 'hot' electrons make it a promising material for photovoltaic and light detection applications. Researchers visualize the charge movement in single crystals using scanning ultrafast electron microscopy, revealing new transport properties.
Researchers found that two-dose CoronaVac vaccination schedules, spaced 2 or 4 weeks apart, elicit similar immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants. The study suggests that either schedule can provide equal protection against COVID-19.
The review discusses how functional carbon materials (FCMs) tackle dendrite growth in metal batteries through surface chemistry, multi-dimensional carbon material engineering, and defects engineering. FCMs provide metal deposition sites, guide ion flux, and shield dendrites.
Researchers analyzed S. lugdunensis isolates from pediatric patients and found that skin infections were a common source (68%), while CNS infections linked to VP shunts were also significant. Flucloxacillin was identified as effective against the bacterium.
A recent study found that patients treated with the combination of chemoradiation therapy and immunotherapy in a phase 3 clinical trial did not experience significant safety concerns. The treatment regimen showed no significant increase in toxicity compared to standard trimodality therapy alone.
A University of Queensland study analyzed tree ring data to understand cosmic radiation 'storms', known as Miyake Events. The research suggests that these events are not correlated with sunspot activity and may be a kind of astrophysical 'storm' or outburst.
A study published in European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging identified specific genetic markers associated with high risk of head and neck cancer. The research used DNA sequencing, artificial intelligence, and positron emission tomography to analyze cellular characteristics of tumors. These markers can facilitate mo...
Researchers found that the brain's defense system is activated during selfless helping behavior, contrary to the long-held idea that empathy drives such actions. The study used fMRI scans to measure brain activity in 49 healthy volunteers who were asked to decide whether to help another person avoid discomfort.
A new study from the University of South Australia found that severe vitamin D deficiency is associated with a higher risk of mortality. The research evaluated 307,601 records from the UK Biobank and found that individuals with low vitamin D levels had a significantly decreased risk of death over a 14-year follow-up period.
Researchers have found a drug that targets the key, cancer-causing gene MYC has been able to inhibit its function safely and effectively. Eight out of 12 patients showed stabilisation of disease after treatment with OMO-103, with one patient experiencing a reduction in tumour-derived DNA circulating in the blood stream.
Researchers from University of Colorado Boulder develop equation learning technique, WSINDy, to grasp how body rebuilds skin and accelerate wound healing. The method can apply to various phenomena in the natural world, including flocking behavior in birds.
Researchers estimate that opening protected areas to mining would lead to the destruction of 183 km² of forest and further loss of 7,626 km² due to infrastructure construction. The study highlights the need for strategic planning and environmental impact assessments before making changes to conservation policies.
The European Union has awarded a €11.3 million grant to the HEAVYMETAL research project, which aims to investigate chemical element synthesis in neutron star mergers. The project brings together experts from different fields to explore kilonova explosions and decipher the details of observed spectra.
Researchers at HSE University used transcranial magnetic stimulation to suppress brain activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, leading to test subjects making less rational decisions. The study provides insight into the mechanisms behind gaming addiction and offers a potential new approach to understanding risky choice.
The University of Missouri has earned an $8 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to expand its National Swine Resource and Research Center. The center will support research using genetically modified pigs to study human diseases, with a focus on therapies that can be translated from pig models to humans.
Researchers at KTH Royal Institute of Technology have developed a new kind of wood-based degradable plastic with semi-structural strength, enabling the replacement of fossil-based materials in home construction and furnishing. The material can be broken down without harming the environment, allowing for recycling and reuse of fibers.
Researchers have developed a new therapy that uses CAR T cells to target macrophages in tumors, reducing their growth and increasing anti-tumor immunity. The treatment was shown to be effective in preclinical models of ovarian, lung, and pancreatic cancers.
Researchers at VCU Massey Cancer Center have identified a new therapeutic target for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a more aggressive and deadly form of disease. Using CRISPR/CAS9 screening, scientists pinpointed the UBA1 enzyme as an ideal target, which can be inhibited by the novel drug TAK-243 to effectively kill cancer cells.
Researchers found that individuals who underwent hemispherectomy surgery at a young age can still recognize differences between pairs of words or faces with remarkable accuracy. The study, published in PNAS, sheds light on brain plasticity and its limitations.
A new study from the University of Kansas found that people tend to have more memories associated with older songs and movie clips, which are often happier and more positive. The researchers discovered that these nostalgic experiences can lead to appreciation for lighthearted entertainment, such as pop music or superhero movies.
The first clinical guideline on Schaaf-Yang syndrome provides comprehensive recommendations for healthcare professionals and families, outlining the effects of the truncated MAGEL2 protein on cell physiology. The guide aims to improve clinical care and empower families by offering evidence-based interventions and follow-up guidelines.
A recent study found high concentrations of perfluoroalkane acids in human milk, with PFOS and PFOA detected in over 90% of samples. The researchers also discovered correlations between PFOA and PFOS levels, as well as geographic and socioeconomic factors influencing body burden.
The EXTEND trial found that combining metastasis-directed radiation therapy with intermittent hormone therapy improved progression-free survival in men with oligometastatic prostate cancer. The treatment also prolonged the time men could safely maintain normal testosterone levels, preserving their quality of life.
A new study found that Black veterans hospitalized with COVID-19 were less likely to receive evidence-based treatments such as steroids and remdesivir compared to their white counterparts. However, the study also found that disparities in treatment did not translate to higher mortality rates or readmission rates among Black patients.
Researchers found that short bursts of activity after meals can improve the body's ability to use amino acids from food to build muscle proteins. Breaking up prolonged sedentary periods with brief activity 'snacks' may help maintain muscle mass and quality, according to a University of Toronto study.
Scientists at EMPA have developed a miniaturized Fourier-transform waveguide spectrometer with subwavelength photodetectors, enabling rapid detection of hazardous chemicals and greenhouse gases without laboratory equipment. The ultra-compact design allows for integration into consumer electronics and space devices.
Dr. Ted Price is leading a $11.3 million NIH multicenter project to elucidate the origins of pain, focusing on human nociceptor and spinal cord molecular signatures. Researchers will study DRG tissue from organ donors to understand how neurons communicate signals along the human pain pathway.
Scientists have found that narwhals are changing their migration patterns in response to sea ice loss due to climate change. The study, published in PNAS, shows significant delays in autumn migrations and sex-specific differences in departure times.
A new method developed by the University of Vienna has provided deeper insights into glycolipids located on stem cell surfaces. The approach enables comprehensive analysis of gangliosides, a class of fatty sweet molecules whose composition changes during stem cell differentiation.
A new study published in Anaesthesia has found no statistically significant differences in neurodevelopmental outcomes between children exposed to anaesthesia during pregnancy and those not exposed. The study, led by Professor Steffen Rex, comprehensively evaluated over 500 children aged 2-18 years using standardized tools.
Researchers created iPSCs from Okinawa rail, Japanese ptarmigan, Blakiston's fish owl, and Japanese golden eagle for conservation. The cells can differentiate into various cell types, providing a valuable resource for evaluating disease risks and pollution.
A new study reveals that genetic panels used in newborn screening programs favor white populations, leading to delayed diagnoses and worse outcomes for non-white babies. Researchers call for more diverse panels to address these disparities.
A study by CU Anschutz scientists found that overexpressing a gene tied to cell division boosts memory and learning in AD mice. Higher KIF11 levels also correlate with better cognitive performance in adults with amyloid pathology.
Researchers from Northumbria University and Brunel University London have developed innovative strategies for emergency planning, including a toolkit for personal debriefing. Their work has helped organizations and councils improve their resilience and community engagement, moving away from traditional top-down approaches.
A study found that young women's vaginal immune systems become more active after first-time intercourse, which may increase or decrease the risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections. The changes were confirmed not to be due to pregnancy or having an STI.
A global study of over 28,000 people found that lowering blood pressure can significantly reduce the risk of dementia. The researchers analyzed five double-blind placebo-controlled trials and discovered a broad linear relationship between blood pressure reduction and lower dementia risk.
The Lancet Countdown report highlights the compounding effects of fossil fuel dependence on climate change, leading to severe health impacts worldwide. The report emphasizes the need for immediate action to shift to clean energy and energy efficiency to mitigate these harms.
Research by Gianluca Carnabuci and colleagues found that two pathways - geographic proximity and network proximity - help R&D scientists build ties with star colleagues. Women are more effective at building high-status connections through third-party ties, while men benefit from face-to-face interactions.
A new study finds that combining radiation with hormone therapy can improve outcomes for patients with oligometastatic prostate cancer. The trial showed that patients who received both treatments experienced longer progression-free survival and better testosterone levels after treatment.
Researchers have reported the first observation of switchable chiral transport in a structurally achiral crystal, Kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5. The team proposes a model where electrons arrange themselves in patterns that violate mirror symmetry, even though atoms are arranged symmetrically.
A study of 43,000 veterans hospitalized with COVID-19 found that Black patients were less likely to receive systemic steroids, remdesivir, and immunomodulatory drugs. This racial disparity in care was attributed to within- and between-hospital differences.
Researchers have developed a drug compound that stops cancer cell growth in mice with little effect on normal healthy cells, making it potentially nontoxic for patients. The therapy targets the epidermal growth factor receptor gene, which is overexpressed in about half of all triple-negative breast cancer cases.
The study focuses on reducing insects and pathogens that threaten crops, with manure serving as a potential solution. Researchers will investigate the most effective ways to apply manure to improve soil health and plant resistance to insect pests.
A study published by the University of Zurich has found that vocal communication in vertebrates has a common and ancient evolutionary origin, dating back to around 407 million years ago. The research used vocal recordings and contextual behavioral information from 53 species across four major clades of land vertebrates.
A new paper highlights the crucial role insects play in ecosystems, including pollination, food sources, and mental health benefits. The authors advocate for a shift in public perception of insects, citing government inaction on biodiversity policy, and outline strategic priorities to support insect conservation.
Scientists used new instrumentation to study the chiral magnetic ordering of Cu2OSeO3, revealing helical and conical magnetic modulations. This discovery enables novel investigations of polar magnetic textures with high spatial resolution and short time scales.
Researchers have developed a method to manufacture large SiC mirrors with high accuracy, enabling the creation of the world's largest aspherical mirror. The team successfully polished a 4.03m diameter SiC mirror using a home-built MRF24 polishing machine and proposed a PVD cladding process to improve substrate surface quality.
Researchers discovered that two approved insecticides can damage honey bees' intestinal flora, making them more susceptible to disease. The study highlights the need for rigorous research on pesticide effects on beneficial insects before approval.
Researchers at Kyushu University developed a new method to create highly detailed 3D models of plants and animals. Over 1,400 models are now publicly available for use in education, research, and virtual exploration.
A study of obese women on the 'warrior diet' found no significant change in sex-binding globulin hormone levels but a moderate drop in dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels, linked to reduced breast cancer risk. Women also experienced weight loss and improved insulin resistance.
Studies on 18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid, human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP), and fluoroquinolone derivatives explore new approaches to treating challenging diseases. Researchers aim to develop better therapeutics for liver diseases, which cause almost 2 million deaths worldwide every year.
A team of researchers from Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH) has created a fixed LiDAR sensor that can see objects in all directions. The new sensor uses a metasurface to expand its viewing angle, allowing for 360° recognition and three-dimensional imaging.