A study finds that functional seizures, a type of non-epileptic seizure, are associated with structural changes in the brain, including thinning in the superior temporal cortex and thickness in the left occipital cortex. These differences can be detected using MRI scans.
A new project aims to create more race-inclusive AI in medicine by developing a distributed, inclusive data collection and learning framework that relies on smartphone apps. The framework uses federated learning, which allows models to be trained on device data while protecting user privacy.
A new study found that living in a community with easy access to grocery stores and affordable, healthy food is associated with lower heart failure death rates. The research analyzed data from nearly 3,000 counties in the US and found that food insecurity is linked to increased rates of death from heart failure.
Researchers at Nagoya University have developed a new method to study the life cycle of tree roots, shedding light on the decomposition process. They found that fine roots, which control nutrient uptake by trees, are discarded and decompose differently than leaf litter.
Researchers at UNIST developed superaerophobic polyethyleneimine hydrogels to improve electrochemical hydrogen production by promoting bubble detachment. These hydrogels can be easily coated on electrodes, allowing for controlled pore size and porosity, leading to enhanced performance.
Researchers from the Bajo Laberinto Archaeological Project have used lidar technology to uncover a vast, complex urban sprawl beneath the Calakmul forest canopy. The study reveals dense apartment-style residential compounds, numerous temples and shrines, and extensive water management features.
The KIMM-developed gripper can grasp all types of objects, from very fine or thin objects like acupuncture needles to large objects like boxes. It uses a pinch-suction fusion mechanism inspired by elephant trunks to grip and assemble objects in a stable manner without complicated mechanical devices or sensors.
Researchers focus on layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), a crucial step in electrochemical water splitting. By summarizing four common strategies to improve OER performance, they aim to design more efficient electrocatalysts.
Researchers at UCLA have identified an animal model that shares similarities with progressive multiple sclerosis, enabling studies of disability-improving treatments. The model reveals neurodegeneration features and effects on various parts of the brain and spinal cord, holding promise for future treatment discovery.
Researchers have identified two strategies to improve the interfacial binding in stretchable electronics: chemical covalent bonding and physical mechanical interlocking. These methods aim to enhance stability and reliability, paving the way for commercialized flexible devices with universal connections.
MIT researchers have developed a magnet-based system to track muscle length during movement, which could improve the accuracy of prosthetic limb control. The system uses small magnets implanted in muscle and measures distances between them using a credit-card-sized sensor.
A study published in Anthrozoös found that having a pet can improve mental wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially for those who are less resilient. Owners who spent more time interacting with their pets reported better mental health.
Researchers used infrared scattering-type scanning near field microscopy to analyze two Stradivari violins, finding a protein-based layer between the wood and varnish. This discovery could help replicate historic instruments in modern times.
A new study finds that birds attracted to artificial light at night are drawn into areas with higher concentrations of airborne toxic chemicals. This exposure is especially problematic during non-breeding seasons, when songbirds are not avoiding light pollution.
A new method for wind profiling using small drones has been tested and validated, enabling reliable wind speed measurements. The approach uses thermal anemometers, which are ideal for sUAVs due to their lightweight and inexpensive nature.
Researchers analyzed TanSat and Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor mission data to identify human-caused CO2 emission signatures. The study found that TanSat's measurements can capture anthropogenic variations in the plume with spatial patterns similar to other observations.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have discovered a small molecule capable of manipulating an immune process that plays a crucial role in cancers and autoimmune diseases. The newly identified enzyme inhibitor could enhance immune responses against tumors, increasing their visibility to T-cells.
A study published in Scientific Reports found a positive correlation between polyphenol consumption and cardiovascular health in Spanish adolescents. The researchers analyzed the urine of 1,326 adolescents aged 11-14, discovering that higher urinary polyphenol excretion was associated with improved cardiovascular health.
A new study finds American dog tick populations expanding into Colorado and identifies Rocky Mountain wood ticks in 5 more counties than previously documented by the CDC. The study leverages citizen science data, revealing a critical need for increased tick surveillance and preventative measures against ticks.
A novel screening tool has been developed to diagnose a serious heart condition in young athletes. The tool uses non-invasive ultrasound techniques to accurately identify cardiomyopathy, reducing false positives and providing better protection for the athletes of tomorrow.
A new anti-virus has been discovered in a medical lecture. The lectin, known as H84T-BanLec, is highly effective against many different types of coronaviruses, including those causing COVID-19 and MERS-CoV. Its unique mechanism makes it difficult for viruses to develop resistance, making it a potential 'pan-coronavirus' antiviral drug ...
A new study suggests that ancient sleeping bacteria could be found beneath Mars' surface, complicating efforts to search for life. The research team found that certain strains of bacteria can survive in Martian conditions, potentially contaminating future missions and posing biodefense risks.
Researchers at the University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine have identified a specific type of T cell that produces cytokines necessary for acquiring immunity against fungal pathogens. This finding could lead to the development of effective fungal vaccines.
A recent study found that juvenile pied flycatchers in Europe can distinguish their own population's song dialects even at 12 days old. This ability is thought to aid in attracting mates and preventing learning other species' songs, highlighting the remarkable specificity of bird behaviors.
Researchers have isolated an effective monoclonal antibody that targets heroin, blocking its painkilling effect and overdose deaths in mice. The findings suggest that targeting heroin itself is more effective than its metabolites, paving the way for a new therapy.
Astronomers using the VLA discovered that fast-moving cosmic ray electrons drive winds in the neighboring galaxy M33, slowing down new star formation. This finding challenges previous theories, suggesting cosmic rays are a more general cause of galactic winds.
Newborn screenings for cystic fibrosis are less effective for non-white babies, leading to delayed diagnosis and worse outcomes. Genetic panels used vary by state, excluding common mutations in non-white populations.
A new USC study found that air pollution and psychological stress during pregnancy can disrupt fetal growth, leading to lower birth weights. Mothers living in environmentally burdened neighborhoods with high levels of air pollution and stress face the greatest risk of having low-birth-weight babies.
A new study has found that soil moisture content is the main factor controlling how far and at what concentration natural gas spreads from a leaked pipeline underground. The research team looked at over 300 soil samples and found that methane gas leaking from a pipeline does not spread as far when the soil moisture content increases.
Research by Penn State found that lower-than-normal rainfall in Tanzania is associated with a 13-percentage-point increase in the risk of being food insecure for households. The study's findings suggest potential policy interventions to help agricultural households become more resilient against drought conditions.
Scientists developed a method to introduce carbonized polymer dots into quasi-2D perovskite photodetectors, improving their flexible stability without losing photo-response. The devices showed lower dark current and detectable light intensity, paving the way for high-performance flexible optoelectronic devices.
A data visualization tool, TrafficVis, assists law enforcement in identifying patterns in online escort advertisements that indicate illegal activity. The tool analyzes millions of ads to highlight common phrasing or duplication among them, helping analysts direct investigations and identify human traffickers and victims.
A new drug combination of cefepime and enmetazobactam has been found to be more effective in treating complicated urinary tract infections and acute pyelonephritis than a standard treatment. The study showed that the new combination was successful in treating 79% of patients, compared to 58.9% for the conventional treatment.
A multidisciplinary team will investigate how spatial patterns can prevent tipping points in ecosystems and promote resilience to climate change. The RESILIENCE project aims to identify novel directions to evade catastrophic ecosystem collapse.
Researchers found that liquid biopsies can detect clonal haematopoiesis, a condition placing patients at higher risk of developing myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloid leukaemia. The study suggests that these patients should be referred for further evaluation to uncover actual risk and identify potential diagnostic pathways.
A new study by Concordia researchers finds that greenbelts are effective at slowing urban sprawl, particularly in larger cities. 90% of cities with greenbelts experienced decreases in sprawl, while just over a third without them did.
Researchers at UCF's COSMOS Lab developed a method to create strong bricks from lunar regolith using 3D printing and binder jet technology. The bricks can withstand extreme space environments and are suitable for constructing off-world structures, paving the way for sustainable space construction.
Research from UCLA Health Sciences found that telehealth consultations following an emergency department visit were associated with 28 more repeat ED encounters and nearly 11 more return hospital admissions per 1000 patients. The findings highlight the need for careful consideration of when to use telemedicine for post-ED follow-ups.
A new study reveals that people with strong emotions are more interested in interacting with cats, contrary to the common perception that cat interactions are less appealing. The research found that universities can benefit from including both dogs and cats in their animal-assisted interventions to reach a broader audience.
Scientists at the Francis Crick Institute developed a new method to study proteins released by cells, which could lead to tracking diseases like cancer. The Bio-Orthogonal Cell line-specific Tagging of Glycoproteins (BOCTAG) method identifies proteins uniquely made by diseased or cancerous cells, even in complex environments.
Researchers found that climate change is closing the daily temperature range, with increased cloud cover being a key factor. The study used high-resolution modeling to simulate clouds and their impact on diurnal temperature variation, shedding light on how this will affect society and the environment.
A study of 31,000 medical school graduates found significant disparities in publication rates among women, Black, and Hispanic students compared to men and white students. These inequities suggest that issues with the physician-scientist workforce began early in training, affecting career success.
Researchers found a significant association between NTM infection and increased mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. Early diagnosis and treatment may improve survival. NTM can cause nonspecific symptoms like fever and weight loss, and patients with compromised immune systems are at higher risk.
Researchers at Chinese Academy of Sciences have discovered a full-metal hollow cage cluster Nb12+ niobespherene that resists CO attack. The study elucidated the superatomic stability of this cluster and unveiled its potential as a new material with novel d-orbital hybridization.
A new study tracks deuterium in raindrops to better understand the Earth's water cycle and its changes due to global warming. The researchers shed light on how regional climate conditions impact deuterium excess.
A team of scientists at PNNL created a new kind of micelle that detects SARS-CoV-2 in the air by bursting open upon contact with the virus, sending an immediate electronic signal. The detector has advantages over current technologies, requiring lower viral particle levels and producing fewer errors.
A new study investigates the effects of desiccation and freezing on microbial ionizing radiation survivability on Mars. The researchers found that desiccated and frozen cells can survive extreme conditions, increasing the probability of finding evidence of past or present life on Mars.
Researchers used smartphone sensors to measure walking activity in 100,000 UK Biobank participants and developed predictive models of mortality risk. The study showed that just 6 minutes per day of steady walking measured by the sensor can accurately predict mortality risk, similar to physical measures.
A University of California, Davis study reveals that air temperature and cloud cover are influenced by the buoyancy effect of water vapor, which is currently neglected in some leading global climate models. This effect can lead to an error of up to 50% in low cloud cover predictions, impacting the planet's energy balance.
A recent US study of nearly 3,500 individuals aged 65+ found that 10% had dementia and 22% mild cognitive impairment (MCI), with disparities seen among racial and educational groups. The results highlight the disproportionate burden of dementia on older Black adults and MCI among Hispanic adults with lower education levels.
Research finds public perception of data use is shaped by social inequalities and concerns about potential harm or corporate profit. Experts highlight need for public sector review of data-driven systems to address these issues.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a procedure to quantify unintended changes that accompany on-target CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, potentially threatening the efficacy and safety of therapies. The new method uses single-molecule sequencing with unique molecular identifiers to detect large deletions, insertions, and chromosomal...
A large-scale analysis of VA medical centers found that facilities with lower yearly PSA screening rates had higher rates of metastatic prostate cancer in subsequent years. The study supports the benefits of prostate cancer screening in reducing metastatic prostate cancer risk, particularly for high-risk groups like Black patients.
The September 2022 nTIDE COVID Update shows a slight rise in unemployment for people with disabilities, consistent with an increase in individuals entering the labor force. This trend is linked to poverty and financial hardship among people with disabilities, highlighting the need for continued support.
A large clinical trial data analysis found that rates of locoregional recurrence are low regardless of regional node irradiation use. The study suggests a randomized clinical trial is required to answer the question of whether favorable-risk patients can safely skip RNI.
A phase II clinical trial has demonstrated the effectiveness of nivolumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, in treating advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. The study found a significant response rate of 58.3% among patients who received nivolumab, supporting its use as a standard therapy for this disease.
Researchers from the University of South Australia found that fairy tales are a valid resource for teaching primary students about social justice and emotional intelligence. Experienced teacher Glenn Saxby suggests presenting fairy tales in a critical and inclusive manner to help explain complex issues to children.
The NRG-HN004 trial found that radiotherapy with durvalumab did not improve progression-free survival or overall survival compared to cetuximab in patients with locoregionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma who have a contraindication to cisplatin. The study highlighted the need for further research in this population.
Researchers found that companies with high CSR ratings decreased charitable giving by 25% due to concerns about investor displeasure. The study's findings highlight the need for rating systems to consider societal values.
The study found that fine particulate concentration levels decreased by 2-4 micrograms per cubic meter in host countries with embassy monitors. This reduction led to a significant decrease in premature mortality, resulting in annual health benefits of $127 million for the median city with an embassy monitor.