Articles tagged with Theoretical Physics
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
New research challenges the scientific status quo on nuclear chart boundaries and their sensitivity to temperature. The study found that drip lines, which define maximum protons and neutrons within a nucleus, alter dynamically with increasing temperatures.
Physicists from the Polish Academy of Sciences develop new theoretical tools to study collisions at extreme energies. The phenomenon is fast and involves small particles that cannot be observed directly, requiring
Göttingen University researchers develop mathematical model that shows small imbalances in mixture composition can amplify and control phase separation. This discovery offers a potential mechanism for regulating structure formation in living cells, with applications in fields such as market economies and ecological networks.
Researchers at Hokkaido University have discovered that elusive neutrinos can interact with photons in ways not previously detected under extreme conditions. This finding has implications for understanding quantum mechanical interactions of fundamental particles and may help reveal details of the solar corona heating puzzle.
Researchers from Kyoto University have demonstrated the thermal quantum Mpemba effect in a wide range of initial conditions, where hotter quantum systems cool faster than initially colder ones. The team used a quantum dot connected to a heat bath and observed anomalous thermal relaxation at later times.
Researchers at TU Wien developed a comprehensive computer model of realistic graphene structures, showing that the material's desired effects are stable even with defects. This means graphene can be used in quantum information technology and sensing without needing to be perfect.
The study provides a condensed overview of recent advances and challenges in atmospheric and pressurized PVSRs, highlighting potential for improving performance through geometrical parameter optimization and spectrally selective absorption. Standardized evaluation methods remain essential to unlock the full potential of PVSRs.
Researchers explore nucleon resonances, gaining insight into early universe's chaotic state. The experiment provides new information on the 3D structure of resonating protons and neutrons.
Theoretical physicists at Los Alamos National Laboratory have developed a new quantum computing paradigm that uses natural quantum interactions to process real-world problems faster than classical computers. The approach eliminates many challenging requirements for quantum hardware.
A team of scientists studied the impact of radiation on DNA, revealing that damaged areas are separated by a critical distance before breaking. The study found an exponential increase in DNA breakage time with distance, providing crucial information for effective DNA repair processes.
Researchers used supercomputers to predict the spatial distributions of charges, momentum, and other properties of 'up' and 'down' quarks within protons. The results revealed key differences in the characteristics of the up and down quarks, implying different contributions to the proton's fundamental properties.
The study investigated high harmonic spectroscopy as a method to observe topology in materials. Despite thorough analysis, the researchers found that non-topological aspects of the system dominated its response, suggesting that topology may play a minor role.
Researchers at the University of Manchester's National Graphene Institute discover new physics in ancient graphite, finding a 2.5D Hofstadter’s butterfly effect that modifies both surface and bulk states.
Researchers develop new algorithm to effectively investigate long-range interacting systems, reducing runtime from quadratic to linear with system size. The new method opens up new questions and applications in nonequilibrium processes, including phase separation and structure formation in cosmology and solid state physics.
Qimiao Si, a theoretical quantum physicist, and Jeffrey Tabor, a bioengineer and synthetic biologist, will pursue innovative projects in topological materials science and DNA synthesis. Their research aims to revolutionize fields like medicine, biotechnology, and energy.
Researchers from Ohio State University found that some low-mass stars have unexpectedly strong surface magnetic fields, which could intensify their radiation for billions of years. This discovery challenges current models of stellar evolution and has important implications for the search for life on other planets.
Researchers designed two new types of superconductivity by depositing chromium atoms on a superconducting niobium surface, confirming theoretical predictions. This method enables the creation of two-dimensional superconductors with atomic precision.
Astrophysicists analyze James Webb Space Telescope images to find three bright objects that might be 'dark stars,' powering themselves with annihilating particles of dark matter. The discovery could reveal the nature of dark matter and solve the puzzle of galaxy formation.
An Aston University researcher has overturned a fundamental principle in construction by showing that a hanging chain and an arch are incompatible mechanical systems. This finding highlights the limitations of traditional analogies used to design and assess curved structures.
For over a billion years, the sun's atmospheric tide countered the moon's gravitational pull, keeping Earth's rotational rate steady and day length at 19.5 hours. This balance was disrupted by climate change, resulting in our current 24-hour day stretching to over 60 hours if not for the pause.
The Vlasiator model demonstrated that two central theories on plasma eruptions in near-Earth space are simultaneously valid: magnetic reconnection and kinetic instabilities. This finding helps understand how these events occur and improves the predictability of space weather.
A team of scientists from UNIGE, Northwestern University, and the University of Florida used POSYDON code to simulate binary-star populations, predicting the existence of massive 30 solar mass black hole binaries in Milky Way-like galaxies. This challenges previous theories and provides new insights into the astrophysical origins of me...
Researchers from Tokyo Institute of Technology have made a breakthrough in measuring liquid iron's resistivity under extreme conditions. They achieved this using new techniques involving diamond anvil cells and powerful lasers, allowing for measurements at pressures up to 135 GPa and temperatures over 6680 K.
A team at the University of Washington has made a breakthrough in quantum computing by detecting signatures of 'fractional quantum anomalous Hall' (FQAH) states in semiconductor materials. This discovery marks a significant step towards building stable qubits and potentially developing fault-tolerant quantum computers.
Researchers from UNIGE have developed a new method to test the validity of Einstein and Euler's theories on the accelerating Universe expansion and dark matter. The study uses time distortion as a never-before-used measure, allowing for differentiation between the two equations.
Researchers at Purdue University have demonstrated tunable moiré magnetism in twisted double bilayers of chromium triiodide, a material that can be used for spintronics. This discovery suggests a new class of material platform for spintronics and magnetoelectronics.
Researchers at HSE MIEM developed a theoretical model predicting optimal parameters for polymer coacervation, which will enhance the efficiency of polymer synthesis. The model considers factors such as polymer chain length and attraction strength, allowing chemists to synthesize tailored polymers.
A team of SUTD researchers discovered a novel intrinsic nonlinear planar Hall effect, proposing a mechanism to characterize novel materials and their complex behaviors. This effect could lead to new designs in nonlinear rectifiers or terahertz detectors for long-range communications.
Researchers have discovered a new phase of matter called the chiral bose-liquid state, which has surprising characteristics, such as robust spin and long-range entanglement. This discovery opens up new possibilities for understanding the physical world and potentially leading to breakthroughs in quantum computing.
Researchers used a nonequilibrium-statistical model to predict the stopping process of heavy ions at high LHC energies, gaining insights into original states of matter and quark-gluon plasma. Future experiments may confirm predicted stopping behavior and reveal properties of gluons.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have developed a new strategy to detect axions using particle collider experiments. By analyzing the decay product of unstable heavy particles into muons, they hope to locate and prove the existence of these hypothetical particles.
An international team of scientists has successfully measured the electron spin in matter for the first time using kagome materials. The results could revolutionize the study of quantum materials, with potential applications in renewable energy, biomedicine, electronics, and quantum computing.
The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) study found that the movement of cosmic rays is affected by the Sun's magnetic field, causing fluctuations in galactic cosmic rays reaching Earth. The research indicates that electrons are more susceptible to solar modulation than protons.
A team of researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz studied the collective behavior of small robots and found that they can solve tasks that a single machine cannot. The study uses statistical physics to analyze how the robots interact and move, revealing potential applications in medical and pharmaceutical applications.
Researchers have modeled fractons, stationary quasiparticles, and found they are not visible even at absolute zero temperature due to quantum fluctuations. The team plans to develop a model to regulate these fluctuations, paving the way for experimental materials that could exhibit fractons.
Researchers at UChicago's Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering have developed a method to constantly monitor noise around a quantum system and adjust qubits in real-time. The approach uses spectator qubits to track environmental changes and cancel out noise in vital data-processing qubits, improving the quality of data qubits.
The CALET team, including researchers from Waseda University, found that cosmic ray helium particles follow a Double Broken Power Law, indicating spectral hardening and softening in high-energy ranges. This deviation from expected power-law distribution suggests unique sources or mechanisms accelerating and propagating helium nuclei.
Scientists developed a new method to manipulate light using non-Hermitian theory, enabling unidirectional control of surface plasmon polaritons. This breakthrough could lead to improved quantum sensors and applications in disease diagnosis and atmospheric gas detection.
University of Florida astronomers discovered parity symmetry violation, a broken symmetry that explains why there's more matter than antimatter. This finding confirms the Big Bang theory and addresses the question of why something exists instead of nothing.
New experiments with ultra-cold atomic gases show that quantum systems composed of many particles change over time following a sudden energy influx. The findings reveal a universality in the behavior of these systems, shedding light on how they evolve and interact.
Research team settles decade-long debate on Ta2NiSe5's microscopic origin of symmetry breaking; structural instability hinders electronic superfluidity. Advanced experiments and calculations confirm crystal structure changes as driving force behind phase transition.
Researchers investigated Hardy nonlocality using quantum computers, discovering increased success probability as the number of particles grows. This challenges classical theories and has implications for quantum mechanics and communications.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute discover that exciting electrons with strong light leads to exotic quantum effects, enabling new functions on demand. The team made an unforeseen discovery: Floquet bands form after a single optical cycle, paving the way for ultrafast electronics and tailored quantum functions.
Bilayer hBN exhibits moiré polar domains that form networks of topological polar merons and antimerons. This symmetry breaking enables control over the topological properties in two-dimensional layered materials. The polarization field's winding is topologically non-trivial, resulting from a previously overlooked in-plane component.
Physicist Sekazi Mtingwa recognized for promoting accessibility, diversity, and equity in STEM. He co-developed the Bjorken-Mtingwa formulation solving intrabeam scattering effects, enabling more efficient particle accelerators.
Researchers found consistent results between observations and theory, showing that clusters have become more centrally concentrated over time. The study provides strong support for the Lambda-CDM paradigm by demonstrating agreement between the observed and simulated concentration-mass relation of galaxy clusters.
Researchers study DNA minicircles using hydrodynamic measurements to understand their behavior under twisting, revealing unique shapes and compactness. The investigation combines theoretical approaches with experimental methods to elucidate dynamic hydroelastic effects in DNA.
Scientists have discovered a new topological phase in twisted 2D materials, which could lead to breakthroughs in nanotechnology. The discovery reveals the formation of polar domains that are inherently topological and form objects known as merons and antimerons.
A team of researchers developed a dynamical model that explains how animals learn over time, contradicting previous theories. The multi-dimensional model shows that learned associations are not mediated solely by strength but by multiple nearly independent pathways.
Researchers at Rutgers University have made significant breakthroughs in understanding the electrical properties of Y-ball, a mysterious 'strange metal'. The study reveals unusual fluctuations in the material's charge and provides new insights into its behavior, which could pave the way for next-generation quantum technologies.
Researchers at UNIGE have designed a quantum material that can be controlled by curving space, allowing for ultra-fast electromagnetic signal processing and potential applications in high-speed communication systems. The material's unique properties enable the creation of new sensors and potentially unlock new avenues in exploration.
Researchers at Lancaster University have discovered how energy disappears in quantum turbulence, a crucial step towards mastering this phenomenon and its applications. The study reveals the role of Kelvin waves in transferring energy from macroscopic to microscopic length scales.
Researchers developed an active model to describe systems of many active particles, finding similarities with the Schrödinger equation and analogies to quantum effects such as tunneling and dark matter.
Researchers at CUNY ASRC detail a breakthrough experiment in which they observed time reflections of electromagnetic signals in a tailored metamaterial. The effect causes a significant portion of the broadband signals to be instantaneously time reversed and frequency converted, forming a strange echo.
Researchers from ETH Zurich have achieved groundbreaking cooling of a glass nanoparticle along two directions of motion, overcoming the 'Dark Mode Effect'. This breakthrough enables the creation of fragile quantum states and paves the way for ultrasensitive gyroscopes and sensors.
A team from TU Wien has developed a method to cool several particles simultaneously by adapting the spatial structure of a laser beam to particle motion. The technique uses far-field wavefront shaping to optimize cooling and can be achieved without knowing the exact location or movement of the particles.
A University of Queensland-led research team is using an unusual caesium atom to search for dark matter particles. The team's work may also improve atomic theory calculations and technology, such as navigation systems.
A new mathematical theory developed by scientists at Rice University and Oxford University can predict the nature of motions in complex quantum systems. The theory applies to any sufficiently complex quantum system and may give insights into building better quantum computers, designing solar cells, or improving battery performance.
A South Korean research team has successfully searched for Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnitskii (DFSZ) axion dark matter using a new experimental setup. The group achieved a higher sensitivity than existing experiments, excluding axion dark matter around 4.55 µeV at DFSZ sensitivity.
Researchers at University of Texas at Dallas and Ohio State University identify quantum geometry as primary mechanism for superconductivity in twisted bilayer graphene. This finding paves way for designing new superconductors that can operate at higher temperatures, transforming industries such as energy transport and maglev trains.