Articles tagged with Theoretical Physics
Robert McKeown, a distinguished service award recipient, has made significant contributions to nuclear physics over the past 50 years. He supervised 14 Ph.D. students and educated thousands of people worldwide through teaching and lecturing at prestigious institutions.
Researchers have found a quantized planar Hall plateau in magnetic Weyl semimetals, which is determined by the Chern number and energy tilt of the Weyl points. This discovery provides new insights into the relationship between the Hall effect and global topological quantities.
Brazilian researchers claim that in relativistic space-time, time is the fundamental constant that measures all physical quantities, eliminating the need for separate length and mass standards. High-precision clocks are sufficient to describe all quantities, even in Galilean space-time.
A team of researchers has found evidence of quantum spin liquids in pyrochlore cerium stannate, governed by complex quantum rules. The study reveals emergent properties resembling fundamental aspects of our universe, including light and matter interactions.
Neutrino research may hold the key to understanding the universe's origins and the imbalance between matter and antimatter. Scientists are exploring experimental anomalies and searching for a new 'sterile' neutrino flavor, which could provide answers to these deep questions.
Researchers used a superconducting quantum processor to study quantum transport in unprecedented detail. The experiments explored how a spin/particle current flows between two groups of qubits, revealing a unified picture of thermalisation dynamics and nonequilibrium steady dynamics.
Researchers achieved control over competing reaction outcomes by selectively manipulating charge states and specific resonances through targeted energy injection. This breakthrough has profound implications for pharmaceutical research, potentially improving efficiency and sustainability.
Researchers propose that small black holes born in the early universe could have left behind hollow planetoids and microscopic tunnels, potentially detectable with telescopes or by monitoring old materials. The study suggests a low probability of primordial black hole passage but emphasizes the potential for discovery.
Researchers have developed a mathematical model that provides strong evidence for the cosmic censorship conjecture in three dimensions, suggesting singularities inside black holes will always be hidden. The model has implications for quantum gravity and advances efforts to understand thermodynamic properties of black holes.
Researchers demonstrate transverse thermoelectric conversion in WSi2 for the first time, using mixed-dimensional Fermi surfaces to enable TTE effect. The study paves the way for developing new sensors and efficient thermoelectric materials.
Recent Nobel Prizes in physics and chemistry have recognized the convergence of AI with physics and chemistry, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary research. Researchers advocate for nurturing AI-enabled polymaths to bridge the gap between theoretical advancements and practical applications.
A team of researchers successfully demonstrated nonlinear Compton scattering using a multi-petawatt laser, producing ultra-bright gamma rays. The achievement offers new insights into high-energy electron-photon interactions without traditional particle accelerators.
The São Paulo Advanced School on Disordered Systems will bring together students and researchers in complexity, bio-inspired applications, information science, and quantum materials. The school, supported by FAPESP, aims to establish a common forum for learning and discussing theories of general interest.
Researchers at Cal Poly and an international team are exploring unproven theories related to nuclear decay and the nature of matter. They aim to detect a type of decay that is currently forbidden by physics laws, which could reveal insights into the universe's origins.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham have developed a new theory that explains how light and matter interact at the quantum level. The theory enables scientists to precisely define the shape of a single photon for the first time.
Physicists at MIT have made a breakthrough discovery that sheds light on the conditions that lead to exotic electronic states in graphene and other two-dimensional systems. Through calculations, they show that pentalayer graphene can exhibit fractional charge without a magnetic field.
The FRIB research team has identified a flaw in physics models of massive stars and supernovae, revealing inconsistencies with observational gamma-ray astronomy data. This discovery was made possible by the development of a new experimental method that enabled the team to study short-lived isotopes, including iron-60.
A French-Swiss team has discovered a slight discrepancy between Einstein's predictions and measurements of gravitational lensing from the Dark Energy Survey. The study found that the depth of gravitational wells varied with cosmic history, challenging the validity of Einstein's theories for explaining phenomena beyond our solar system.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory have demonstrated that complex calculations can accurately predict the distribution of electric charges in mesons. The new predictions match measurements from low-energy experiments and extend into the high-energy regime planned for future collider experiments.
A recent study examines the internal nature of black holes and their implications for astrophysical observations. The research reveals that dynamic black holes are subject to significant instability over short timescales, leading to deviations from known models.
A Virginia Tech-led team is searching for signs of dark matter in billion-year-old rocks. By analyzing crystal lattice structures, they aim to uncover miniature trails of destruction left by long-ago dark matter interactions.
Scientists observe direct interactions between molecular rotations and electronic structures for the first time, shedding light on chemical reaction mechanisms. The study finds that Coriolis coupling, a previously unknown process, plays a dominant role in bond cleavage, lasting several hundred femtoseconds.
Researchers investigate universe expansion, Big Bang, black holes, and dark energy using a time-reversal model. They propose an explanation for the Big Bang and explore interior structure of black holes.
Astronomers can now analyze powerful space explosions more efficiently using a novel model developed by Syracuse University physicist Eric Coughlin. The model helps track the evolution of shockwaves generated during these events, enabling researchers to infer properties such as energy. Coughlin's research will aid in the detection and ...
Researchers used a classical computer and mathematical models to outperform a quantum computer on a task involving a two-dimensional quantum system of flipping magnets. The system displayed a behavior known as confinement, which had previously been seen only in one-dimensional systems.
Dr. Kevin J. Kelly, an assistant professor at Texas A&M University, has received the Henry Primakoff Award for Early-Career Particle Physics for his significant contributions to neutrino physics and proposing novel directions for dark matter research. He will deliver an invited lecture on his research at a future APS meeting.
Researchers at TU Wien have developed computer simulations to investigate the temporal development of quantum entanglement. They found that the 'birth time' of an electron flying away from an atom is related to the state of the remaining electron, demonstrating a quantum-physical superposition.
A new study suggests that Betelgeuse's pulsing is due to an orbiting companion star known as the 'Betelbuddy'. The star acts like a snowplow, pushing light-blocking dust out of the way and making Betelgeuse appear brighter. Researchers used computer simulations to confirm this hypothesis, ruling out other possible causes.
Researchers from the Universiteit van Amsterdam and other institutions show that axion clouds around neutron stars could provide a new way to observe these elusive particles. The formation and properties of these clouds are studied, offering new opportunities for axion research and potentially solving the dark matter puzzle.
A team of researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz has developed a new method to study the interior of crystalline drops using monochromatic illumination. This approach exploits the color-dependent scattering of light and reveals the density profile of the drop, including initial rapid expansion due to particle repulsion befo...
Researchers propose excited states of neutrons could explain contradictory measurements of average lifetime. These states would have slightly higher energy and different lifetimes, resulting in significant discrepancies between measured results.
Physicists have successfully reproduced properties of atomic nuclei using only quarks and gluons, combining low- and high-energy descriptions. The results provide a unified understanding of the atomic nucleus's structure.
Researchers describe the existence of the paradoxical Mpemba effect within quantum systems, bridging Aristotle's observations and modern-day understanding. The discovery opens doors to 'cool' implications for thermodynamic frameworks and applications in quantum technologies.
Researchers have developed Nucleus++, a new tool for faster and more transparent nuclear data analysis. The software integrates nuclear mass data from the AME and nuclear physics properties from NUBASE, providing enhanced insights for scientists worldwide.
A team of researchers at Argonne National Laboratory has proposed a new type of optical memory that uses quantum defects to store data. By embedding rare-earth emitters in a solid material and transferring energy between them, the researchers aim to create an ultra-high-density storage method that could potentially exceed current limits.
Jenny Hoang, a senior at the University of Texas at Arlington, received the third-place award for her research on diazo compounds. The LSAMP program has inspired her to pursue medical school and encouraged other students to aim for Ph.D.s in physics or particle physics.
Physicists use lattice quantum chromodynamics to calculate how quarks and gluons interact within the proton, revealing a 3D picture of parton distributions. This approach helps explain the proton's spin and distribution of matter, with implications for understanding particle interactions.
Researchers found that for most North Atlantic flights, the climate benefit of avoiding contrails outweighs the extra carbon dioxide emitted from flying a different route. Rerouting flights could reduce global warming by up to 29% in 2039 and 14% in 2119, depending on the method used to measure climate impact.
A new study proposes that early dark energy could explain the formation of numerous bright galaxies in the early universe, resolving the 'Hubble tension' puzzle. The team modeled galaxy formation with a brief appearance of early dark energy, finding it fits observations and solves both puzzles.
A team of researchers discovered a universal inequality between energy transfer rate, information transfer rate, and Hilbert space size, showing that both require sufficient states to transmit. This breakthrough sheds new light on the challenging problem of calculating these quantities.
Researchers Nikolaos Kidonakis and Marco Guzzi have received a third joint NSF grant to continue their study of the Higgs boson, top quark, and proton. The grant supports the university's focus on undergraduate research and advances the field of theoretical particle physics.
Physicists propose a refined way to test the validity of alternative quantum models, which offer a possible explanation for quantum-classical transition. The team found big differences with previous expectations for low-energy X-ray radiation, depending on atomic species and specific collapse model.
UNLV astrophysicists found evidence suggesting the supermassive black hole at the center of our Milky Way galaxy, Sgr A*, is likely the result of a past cosmic merger. The study utilized data from the Event Horizon Telescope's 2022 observation of Sgr A* to investigate various growth models and demonstrated that the misaligned spin prop...
Dr. Zewei Xiong has received an ERC Starting Grant to study collective neutrino oscillations in supernovae and neutron-star mergers. His project NeuTrAE aims to clarify lingering puzzles regarding neutrino flavor evolution, a crucial aspect of particle and nuclear astrophysics.
A new structure of light has been discovered that can accurately measure chirality in molecules, a property of asymmetry important in physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine. This 'chiral vortex' provides an accurate and robust form of measurement, allowing for the detection of chiral biomarkers.
Researchers have successfully achieved spin squeezing in a more accessible way, enabling precise measurements with quantum-enhanced metrology. This breakthrough may lead to new portable sensors for biomedical imaging and atomic clocks.
Researchers at Ohio State University have made the first direct observation of incredibly small time delays in a molecule's electron activity when exposed to X-rays. This breakthrough reveals complex interactions between electrons and other particles, shedding light on intricate molecular dynamics.
Researchers at Rice University and Northeastern University have made a discovery in the fight against COVID-19, uncovering new insights into how the virus infects human cells and can be neutralized. They found that antibodies targeting a specific part of the spike protein can bind to it and prevent the virus from entering human cells.
Researchers develop a modular approach to scaling quantum processors using semiconductor technology and long-distance entangling links. This enables the creation of small arrays of qubits that can be connected to form larger systems, overcoming challenges in controlling individual qubits and maintaining coherence.
A team of researchers has demonstrated a novel way of storing and releasing X-ray pulses at the single photon level, enabling future X-ray quantum technologies. This breakthrough uses nuclear ensembles to create long-lived quantum memories with improved coherence times.
An international team successfully realizes periodic oscillations and transportation for optical pulses using a synthetic temporal lattice. They observe the features of SBO collapse, including vanishing oscillation amplitude and flip of initial oscillation direction.
Researchers at the University of Göttingen developed a new approach to analyze cell properties, using random fluctuating movement of microscopic particles. The method, called mean back relaxation (MBR), can distinguish between active processes and temperature-dependent processes.
Researchers at the University of Bath have discovered a new optical phenomenon called hyper-Raman, which can penetrate deeper into living tissue and yield images with better contrast. This effect has significant potential applications in pharmaceutical science, security, forensics, environmental science, art conservation, and medicine.
Researchers simulate gravitational waves generated by a collapsing warp drive, which could be detectable by future higher-frequency instruments. The study explores the theoretical consequences of a warp drive 'containment failure', pushing boundaries of understanding exotic spacetimes and gravitational waves.
Dr. Wencai Liu, an associate professor at Texas A&M University, has been selected for the 2024 IUPAP Early Career Scientist Prize in Mathematical Physics. His research focuses on linear and nonlinear Schrodinger equations, contributing to our understanding of quantum mechanics and its applications.
A new study by Osaka Metropolitan University researchers suggests that the nuclear structure of titanium-48 changes depending on its distance from the nucleus. The findings provide clues to the α-decay process in heavy nuclei and could help solve a 100-year-old physics mystery.
Karthik Suresh's dissertation on meson decay in GlueX earned him the prestigious 2023 Jefferson Science Associates (JSA) Thesis Prize. His work built upon previous research by Ahmed M. Foda and Amy M. Schertz, contributing to the development of a spectrum of mesons.
A team of physicists from Poland and Germany have successfully calculated the cross-section for Higgs boson production in gluon-gluon collisions. The calculations suggest that no new physics factors are present in the Higgs boson particle.
Researchers at Lancaster University and others are building the most sensitive dark matter detectors using quantum technologies. They aim to detect dark matter particles weighing between 0.01 to a few hydrogen atoms, which could reveal the mass and interactions of these mysterious particles.
Researchers used neutron beams to test the Leggett-Garg inequality, a formula that challenges macroscopic realism. The results show that classical explanations are not possible, confirming quantum theory's strange properties.