Articles tagged with Turbulence
Turbulence plays a crucial role in cloud formation, affecting the number of droplets and their size. Researchers developed a framework to explain how preexisting aerosol particles transition into droplets.
Researchers modelled how airflow and humidity affect exhaled droplets containing virus particles. They found that high humidity extends the airborne lifetime of medium-sized droplets, allowing them to travel further before falling to the ground.
Dome A's unique atmospheric properties make it an ideal location for optical and infrared astronomy, with measurements showing excellent seeing values of up to 0.13 arcseconds. The site's feasibility and cost-efficiency are enhanced by its lower boundary layer thickness compared to other Antarctic locations.
Researchers found that Dome A's unique combination of high altitude, low temperature, and stable atmosphere makes it an attractive location for optical and infrared astronomy. This location could lead to sharper images and the detection of fainter objects, overcoming a major challenge in Earth-based astronomy: atmospheric turbulence.
A common finding across three continents reveals that atmospheric turbulence enhances new particle formation (NPF), a key process for haze development. NPF growth rates are faster under stronger turbulence conditions, while instability parameters prolong event durations.
Researchers have developed a new code, XGC-S, that can simulate the behavior of plasma in stellarators more accurately than before. This advancement aims to improve the design of fusion devices, which could provide a virtually inexhaustible supply of safe and clean power.
A team of scientists has successfully produced a special type of light called a frequency comb, which consists of different light frequencies arranged at regular distances. The breakthrough uses circular quantum cascade lasers and turbulence to create the ordered light, contradicting current laser theory.
Researchers found that turbulent blood flows react strongly to vessel geometry, leading to higher velocity fluctuations and increased risk of arteriosclerosis. The study suggests a new mechanism for turbulence in cardiovascular flow at lower speeds than previously thought.
The study reports a counterpoint to the Casimir Force theory, exploring fluctuation-induced force between two plates immersed in isotropic turbulence. The findings have implications for understanding bacterial behavior and potentially influencing micro and nanomanufacturing.
Active turbulence in active nematic fluids follows distinct universal scaling laws, independent of fluid properties. The study reveals that energy is dissipated at each scale, contrasting with classic turbulence.
Scientists at Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences have made significant progress in understanding turbulence by studying the behavior of vortex rings when they collide. The research, published in Science Advances, reveals a fundamental mechanism for how fluidic systems transform from order to disorder.
Scientists in Japan have reached a breakthrough in controlling fusion plasma's uniformity by studying the movement of hydrogen isotopes. The research found that turbulent states, such as ion temperature gradient turbulence, result in more uniform isotope ratios, which is favorable for fusion reactions.
The new wing design, dubbed the Separated Flow Airfoil, intentionally separates airflow at the leading edge, reattaching it more consistently before reaching the trailing edge. This enables more efficient, stable flight in turbulent air, resulting in better battery life and longer flight times for small drones.
Scientists have observed record warm water beneath the Thwaites Glacier in Antarctica, which is causing significant melting. The discovery suggests that climate change may be responsible for the glacier's retreat, with potential implications for global sea levels.
Researchers develop a new approach for studying transitional flows, finding that the energy spectrum of small eddies conforms to Kolmogorov's universal theory. This breakthrough has practical applications in engineering, particularly in predicting friction between flow and pipe.
Researchers have identified a mechanism that contributes to clot formation in mechanical heart valves. By modifying the valve's design, turbulent vortices can be eliminated, reducing the risk of blood clots and strokes. This breakthrough could lead to life without blood thinners for thousands of people with artificial heart valves.
University of Queensland researchers combined quantum liquids with silicon-chip technology to study turbulence for the first time. This breakthrough allows observation of nanoscale quantum turbulence, mirroring cyclone behavior, and provides a new way to understand turbulent dynamics.
Researchers from University of Maryland provide rigorous mathematical explanation for Batchelor's law, a fundamental concept in fluid mechanics. The proof resolves the uncertainty surrounding the law's applicability and limitations, opening doors to better engineering designs and weather prediction models.
Researchers at Lehigh University's P.C. Rossin College of Engineering and Applied Science are designing a more efficient tidal turbine using a $250,000 NSF grant. They will test different fairing shapes in a water tunnel facility equipped with an active grid turbulence generator to reduce energy loss and increase renewable energy power.
Researchers at DOE/Oak Ridge National Laboratory develop novel parallel strategy for turbulent flow simulation on Summit. The approach successfully solves large-scale problems, revolutionizing the field of computational fluid dynamics.
A new study published in Science reveals the critical criteria for driving a flame to self-generate turbulence and transition into detonation, applicable to both Type Ia supernovae and hypersonic jet propulsion. This discovery may aid the understanding of certain kinds of supernovae and potentially lead to advancements in air and space...
Researchers from Aarhus University and Durham University have modelled fluid dynamics of multi-rotor wind turbines, demonstrating a clear advantage for a turbine model with four rotors. This design reduces downstream turbulence, allowing for more efficient energy production.
Stoltzfus-Dueck will develop and test models for plasma confinement, a crucial step towards harnessing fusion reactions. His research aims to increase understanding of next-generation fusion plasmas and enhance the control of edge turbulence.
Researchers used Stampede2 to study shock turbulence interactions at high turbulence intensities, exploring amplification factors, shock jumps and turbulent Mach number. The study aims to improve understanding of turbulent flows interacting with shock waves, enabling advancements in supersonic aircraft design and supernova research.
Researchers at Imperial College London used supercomputers and graphics processors to simulate turbulent fluid flow and solve a longstanding question about disturbance dissipation. Their results lead to the development of new empirical models for turbulence, improving engineering designs in fields like wind turbines and Formula 1 cars.
A University of Queensland study confirms a 70-year-old theory on fluid turbulence, which causes inefficiency in transporting fluids through pipes and affects ship movements. The research uses ultra-cold atom systems to control and measure the phenomenon.
Researchers have experimentally verified a 70-year-old theory of turbulence, shedding light on large-scale vortices in 2D fluid flow. The studies, published in Science, offer promise for future research on emergent structures in interacting quantum systems.
New Zealand and Australian researchers have observed a 70-year-old prediction about superfluids, which may have implications for understanding quark-gluon plasmas and electrons in solids. The team created a superfluid using optical manipulation technology and precisely stirred vortices into the fluid.
Physicists at PPPL used codes developed at General Atomics to compare theoretical predictions of electron and ion turbulent transport with findings of the first campaign of the NSTX-U. Analysis found that a major factor behind energy losses was anomalous electron transport, which spread rapidly like milk mixing with coffee.
Researchers at EPFL's Emerging Complexity in Physical Systems Laboratory identified the mechanism behind a phenomenon where chaotic turbulence transitions to perfectly parallel patterns. Their findings could help better control flows and understand turbulent-laminar interactions.
A new AI-powered system, Neural Lander, uses a deep neural network to help autonomous drones land more safely and quickly, while gobbling up less power. The system has been tested and achieved significant improvements in landing accuracy, with reductions of up to 100% in vertical error and 90% in lateral drift.
University at Buffalo aerospace engineer James Chen is working on a new study that aims to solve problems associated with exceeding the sound barrier. The research focuses on Austrian physicist Ludwig Boltzmann's classical kinetic theory, which uses gas molecules to explain everyday phenomena.
Researchers from Queen Mary University of London, University of Arizona, and University of Iowa made the first direct measurement of how energy is transferred from electromagnetic fields to particles in the solar wind. This process, known as Landau damping, causes electrons to be energized and heats interplanetary space.
Researchers at University of British Columbia discovered that gulls can adapt their wing shape to gusty conditions by flexing a single elbow joint, which could inspire improved aircraft design. This novel mechanism enables gulls to sacrifice stability for maneuverability.
Researchers investigate turbulence scaling in fluids at critical points, finding anisotropy and compressibility impact scaling behavior. Four types of scaling regimes identified, with anisotropy key to determining emerging behavior.
Researchers at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory found that plasma turbulence could amplify magnetic fields to dynamical strengths in a hot, dilute plasma, such as those residing within clusters of galaxies. This discovery provides a possible answer to one of the most important unsolved problems in plasma astrophysics.
Scientists propose a new model, magnetic pumping, to explain the solar wind's heat persistence as it streams out of the sun and towards Earth. The research shows that particles in the solar wind are affected by magnetic pumping, including high-energy particles.
A recent NASA long-duration balloon mission captured high-resolution images of noctilucent clouds, revealing processes leading to turbulence. The mission aims to improve weather forecasting models by understanding the causes and effects of atmospheric gravity waves.
Scientists have detected the geodesic acoustic mode at two locations within an experimental fusion reactor for the first time. This new experimental setup will be a useful diagnostic tool for investigating zonal flows and their role in the L-H transition, crucial for regulating turbulence and particle transport.
University of Texas at San Antonio researchers have developed improved computer models to predict the dispersal of chemical plumes, enabling more accurate evacuations. The models can simulate real-world conditions despite limited information, providing critical insights into the spread of toxic agents like sarin gas.
Researchers develop a novel approach using the Lattice-Boltzmann method to accurately model atmospheric turbulence in complex environments, reducing computational load and improving prediction accuracy. This breakthrough has significant implications for military operations, civilian planning, and emergency response.
Davidovits won the award for his outstanding thesis research on turbulence in compressing fluids and plasma, with a focus on novel mechanisms and applications in inertial-confinement-fusion and astrophysical plasmas. His work has significant implications for plasma physics research.
A Kyoto University study reveals that turbulence enhances platelet generation in the blood, potentially resolving global shortages of these cells. The discovery could enable mass production of platelets using iPS cell technology.
Researchers have characterized plasma turbulence at the outer edge of Wendelstein 7-X, a critical step in understanding how to build energy-producing reactors. The study reveals that turbulence propagates in the direction of ion flow and changes character upon changes in magnetic topology.
Researchers at National Institutes of Natural Sciences and United States collaborators discover turbulence exists in magnetic island, propagates faster toward center than modulated temperature change. This breakthrough demonstrates new way to suppress turbulence using propagation idea.
Researchers have developed a new model that challenges long-held assumptions about magnetic islands in fusion plasas. The study found that turbulence can penetrate into islands and plasma flow across them can be strongly sheared, allowing for sustained plasma confinement despite island growth.
Researchers have discovered a new breed of magnetic reconnection in the magnetosheath, a turbulent region near Earth's atmosphere. This phenomenon is distinct from previous observations and has significant implications for understanding turbulence in space.
Researchers at UT Dallas developed a new control strategy using supercomputers to extract more power from wind turbines. The approach has the potential to increase wind energy production by up to six percent and generate $100 million in value per one percent improvement.
A new test of a computer model revealed that understanding combined electron and ion heating can improve plasma production in ITER and future fusion facilities. This finding is crucial for advancing the development of fusion power.
Scientists have modeled plasma conditions that lead to chirping in fusion devices, revealing a connection between turbulence levels and Alfvén wave chirping. Lower turbulence reduces the fast ion wind's ability to cause chirping, which can slow fusion reactions.
Researchers investigated low-level turbulence at HKIA using Doppler LIDAR system and radiosonde data. They found that southerly wind strength, influenced by large-scale circulation, generates terrain-induced turbulence.
Brown University researchers discovered that mesoscale eddies in the global ocean tend to merge into larger ones, unlike smaller eddies which break up into smaller scales. This finding could help develop coarser-grained ocean simulations that better capture ocean dynamics.
Dr. James N. Moum selected as a Fellow of The Oceanography Society for his outstanding contributions to widely used observational techniques and understanding of ocean mixing over a broad range of processes and scales. His work has elucidated the impact of turbulence on various spatial and temporal scales.
A team of researchers has developed a new method to eliminate turbulence in fluid flows, which can save up to 95% of the energy required to pump fluids through pipes. The approach involves creating a 'flat' velocity profile that prevents turbulent eddies from forming.
Research on turbulent broadening of cloud droplet size distributions and warm rain initiation has made significant progress in recent years. The study highlights the effects of turbulence on spectral broadening and collision-coalescence processes, with Chinese scientists playing a key role.
Researchers have proposed a new model to explain turbulent processes in plasmas, which are estimated to make up 99% of the universe's visible matter. The findings suggest that magnetic reconnection plays a crucial role in plasma turbulence, providing a conceptual shift in understanding its dynamics and properties.
Researchers at Western University have developed a method to forecast tornadoes with 90% accuracy within a 100-kilometre radius by adding high-altitude turbulence data. This breakthrough could buy up to 20 minutes of additional warning time.
Researchers at PPPL studied the 2-D spatial correlations within turbulence in tokamaks to understand its origin and behavior. The study provides clues to the cause of heat leakage from magnetic confinement and could help predict turbulence behavior, deepening our understanding of fusion reactions.
A new study projects significant increases in severe turbulence worldwide by 2050-2080 due to climate change. Flights over the North Atlantic and Europe will experience up to two or three times more turbulence than usual, while Asia and other regions will see a 60% increase.
Scientists demonstrated 4D quantum encryption over a free-space optical network, encoding two bits of information per photon and tolerating more signal-obscuring noise. The breakthrough paves the way for practical quantum encryption over free-space networks, enabling secure communication between ground-based networks and satellites.