Articles tagged with Turbulence
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers tracked 800-foot-high waves in the Samoan Passage, a key bottleneck for ocean circulation. The waves produce mixing 1,000-10,000 times that of surrounding slow-moving water.
Scientists have developed a new way to predict turbulent flow near walls, which could reduce drag by 30% and save the global economy billions in fuel costs. This breakthrough has the potential to optimize vehicle performance and reduce emissions.
Researchers at Caltech have developed a new way to analyze turbulent flow near walls, which can help reduce drag and fuel consumption in aircraft and ships. By breaking down complex equations into smaller blocks, they found that commonly observed features of wall turbulence can be explained by superposing just three response modes.
Research shows that phytoplankton form concentrated patches in turbulent ocean water, counterintuitive to expectations of uniform distribution. This phenomenon, known as 'turbulent un-mixing,' helps phytoplankton find cells of the same species without sensory information.
Researchers led by Paulo E. Arratia at the University of Pennsylvania discovered that turbulence can arise in non-Newtonian fluids, such as blood and fracking liquids, without requiring significant inertia. This finding has significant implications for understanding fluid dynamics on small scales.
Researchers at UC Davis found that turbulence in waves signals purple sea urchin larvae to start searching for suitable habitat. The two-step process involves an initial response to turbulence, followed by a chemical signal triggering settlement and transformation into juvenile sea urchins.
Theodore Kim's invention of wavelet turbulence enabled faster and more easily art-directable simulation of large-scale fluid smoke effects, used in dozens of major motion pictures. The algorithm was first presented publicly in 2008 and quickly caught fire in the industry.
A UI-led team has made the first direct measurement of space turbulence, confirming the existence of 'gusty winds' in space. The discovery sheds light on the role of turbulence in heating the sun's atmosphere and regulating star formation.
A computer model reveals that marine bacteria benefit from swimming in turbulent seawater, accessing nutrient-rich zones before they are dispersed. The study finds an optimal swimming speed of about 60 micrometers per second, which confers a feeding advantage but also incurs energy costs.
Researchers from the Niels Bohr Institute have developed a statistical model that can replicate chaotic flows in two dimensions, providing a better understanding of turbulent behavior. This breakthrough enables more accurate weather forecasting by accounting for motion patterns in the atmosphere, which are largely two-dimensional.
The new system uses wind measuring instruments and computational formulas to alert pilots to areas of moderate and severe turbulence. It enables pilots to plan better routes, reducing bumpy rides and flight delays.
Research by University of Warwick physicist Dr Kareem Osman reveals that magnetic turbulence is the key to the solar wind's surprising heat. The study shows how turbulence in current sheets heats and accelerates plasma, accounting for 50% of the solar wind's internal energy.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati's Gas Dynamics and Propulsion Laboratory have made progress in reducing supersonic jet noise using chevrons and fluidic injection. The goal is to reduce noise by up to 10 decibels while maintaining or improving engine performance.
Theoretical physicist Dima Shepelyansky found that energy flows from large to small scales can be prevented under specific conditions, similar to the way electron currents are stopped in disordered solids. This discovery links chaos theory and turbulence, highlighting a phenomenon where energy threshold plays a crucial role.
New research highlights the impact of atmospheric gravity waves caused by thunderstorms on air safety, leading to a call for rewritten guidelines. The study reveals that thunderstorms can produce unexpected turbulence more than 100km away from storm cells, posing risks to passengers.
A Pitt engineering research team is developing quantum-computing algorithms to model turbulent combustion, a challenge in aerospace. The US Air Force has awarded a five-year grant for this project.
Researchers from SRI International and the University of Michigan have taken the first-ever measurement of naturally occurring auroral turbulence recorded using a nanosatellite radar receiver. The RAX CubeSat measured turbulence over Fairbanks, Alaska in response to a geomagnetic storm triggered by the largest solar flare in five years.
Scientists will launch five sounding rockets to study the high-altitude jet stream winds and their connection to electrical current patterns. The experiment aims to gain a better understanding of these fast winds and help model electromagnetic regions of space that can damage satellites and disrupt communications systems.
A team of researchers performed new 3-D calculations to better understand the complex conditions driving Type Ia supernovae. The simulations provide insight into the deflagration-to-detonation transition process, which is crucial for calculating cosmic distances and understanding the evolution of the universe.
Researchers used a new microwave instrument to study the interplay between plasma turbulence and surface flows in tokamak plasas. They found that turbulent eddies are shredded by large surface flows, turning off turbulence. This equilibrium is crucial for achieving high thermal insulation in fusion experiments.
Researchers at MIT's Alcator C-Mod experiment have found a novel connection between spontaneous plasma rotation and global energy confinement. At low density, the two phenomena are positively correlated, but at higher densities, they become inversely related, with rotation reversal leading to saturated energy confinement.
Research from the University of Illinois and Rutgers University suggests that returning service members are at risk of depressive symptoms and relationship distress, often linked by uncertainty about relationships and interference from partners. Recognizing these issues can help prepare individuals for the transition home.
A team of researchers at the University of Warwick has found a solution to a 40-year-old problem in understanding solar wind turbulence. By analyzing data from the Cluster mission and creating a virtual model, they discovered that turbulence is not affected by the direction of travel of the solar wind, resolving a long-standing issue.
Scientists have discovered 'surfer' waves in the sun's corona, which could help explain why it's thousands of times hotter than expected. The waves were captured by NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory and are thought to be caused by Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities.
Acoustics researchers at the University of Adelaide are developing a computer model to predict wind farm noise output, aiming to reduce 'wind turbine syndrome'. The team hopes to control noise through blade shape changes and active devices, improving wind energy efficiency.
A new VIMS study finds that propeller-induced turbulence kills large numbers of copepods, tiny crustaceans crucial to marine food webs. The researchers warn that this could have significant impacts on local ecosystems and water quality.
The study provides geological evidence to support the idea that the first solid material in the Solar System was fragile and extremely porous. Researchers analyzed an asteroid fragment and found that it had been subjected to shocks in space, possibly during periods of turbulence, which compacted the rock into a harder state.
A new study suggests that abnormal heart rate turbulence may be a significant risk factor for heart disease death, even among those considered low-risk. Abnormal heart rate turbulence was found to be an even stronger predictor of heart disease death than elevated C-reactive protein levels in this population.
Researchers found that an abnormal response to early heartbeats can predict cardiac death in healthy-looking individuals. Those with no conventional markers of cardiovascular disease were eight times more likely to die from cardiac causes if they had abnormal heart rate turbulence.
Researchers developed a new formula to determine optimal turbine spacing for large wind farms, suggesting turbines should be spaced 15 rotor diameters apart for more cost-efficient power generation. This improvement could address underperforming projects in the US, Europe, and China.
Researchers found that wind turbines increase airflow over nearby crops, keeping them cooler during hot days and warmer at night. This could lead to improved crop yields, reduced moisture levels and increased carbon dioxide absorption.
Researchers are developing an early warning system for bridge failures caused by scouring, using tiny fish-inspired sensors and radar technology. The system can provide real-time information on river bottom conditions and detect minute changes in depth and density of sediment.
Recent advances in computing have improved fluid modeling for low Reynolds numbers, but significant challenges remain for high-Reynolds-number flows, crucial in aeronautics and climate modeling.
Researchers at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution developed two advanced broadband acoustic systems to improve interpretation of echoes. These systems measure sound scattering across a continuous range of frequencies, generating broadband acoustic spectra that can distinguish between different fish sizes and densities, as well as ide...
Researchers use Ulysses spacecraft and solar minimum to create a 200-million-mile-long virtual lab bench for turbulent flows. They find that the evolution of turbulence is governed by the same generalised scaling function, suggesting a universal basic property governing magnetohydrodynamic turbulence.
Scientists have discovered that extremely strong turbulent convection can lead to two distinct states of heat transport, defying the previously established law. The researchers found an exponential increase in heat transport that decreases by a power of two as the turbulence strengthens.
Dr. Beverley J. McKeon's work on simplified models of turbulence under different pressure gradients has garnered the Presidential Early Career Award. Her research aims to improve understanding of turbulence in various technologies, including commercial aviation and industrial flows.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have discovered a new type of turbulence in the solar wind that enables plasma particles to exchange energy without collisions. This finding has significant implications for fusion power development and could provide insights into energy dissipation in solar system-sized plasmas.
Researchers at MIT create a quantum memory that heralds successful storage of light beams in ultra-cold atom gases, enabling scalable quantum networking. In Brazil, scientists control the formation of quantum turbulence in an ultra-cold atom gas using magnetic fields.
Researchers found that turbulence created by material ejected from supermassive black holes' disks prevents cooling gas from forming stars. The discovery explains a long-standing mystery in galaxy cluster physics.
The NCAR system combines satellite data, computer weather models, and AI techniques to identify rapidly evolving storms and potential areas of turbulence. Pilots on selected transoceanic routes will receive real-time turbulence updates, providing critical situational awareness.
New research shows bees extend hind legs for stability in windy conditions, increasing drag and aerodynamic power by 30%. This behavior is likely seen across Hymenoptera, affecting many flying insects.
Four NASA rockets launched from Alaska's Poker Flat Research Range, releasing glowing vapor trails to study turbulence above 50-80 miles high. The experiment, called Turbopause, aims to measure the region where winds reach their largest values.
Scientists are launching five NASA sounding rockets to study turbulence in the upper atmosphere. The rockets will release a glowing vapor trail nearly 87 miles up into the sky, allowing scientists to track its movement and analyze upper-atmospheric winds.
Researchers identify ideal locations for low-impact wind farms with high frictional dissipation, reducing turbulence and its effects on local hydrometeorological conditions. By optimizing turbine spacing and rotor designs, wind farm efficiency can be increased and negative impacts minimized.
Researchers from Max Planck Institute and Technical University discover that turbulent flows in pipes will inevitably become laminar, with the transition taking many years. This finding could help save energy in applications like oil pipelines.
Researchers have identified sustained spikes in turbulence as the primary condition initiating soil erosion on land and in water. The team developed a method to quantify the impact of turbulence on soil erosion, which can be applied to predict particle movement and pollution spread.
A new forecasting method published by UGA scientist could help pilots chart new courses around clear air turbulence, reducing the risk of injury claims. The method uses gravity waves and a single, consistent theory to predict turbulence location.
A new grant will fund research to identify, forecast, and detect areas of clear-air turbulence, reducing anxiety for travelers. The study will also aid astronomers in using adaptive optics to reduce telescope image degradation caused by atmospheric optical turbulence.
A new turbulence detection system using NEXRAD Doppler radars provides real-time snapshots of turbulence to pilots, helping them avoid hazardous areas. The system's accuracy is reported to be high, with pilots praising its ability to provide accurate information about turbulence location and intensity.
A new study reveals that undersea mountain ranges, like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, generate significant turbulent mixing in the Atlantic Ocean. This mixing affects the overall balance of warm and cold water temperatures, controlling the strength of the Gulf Stream and its impact on global climate patterns.
Dr. Harry L. Swinney received the Jürgen Moser Lecture Prize for his work on nonlinear dynamics of systems far from equilibrium. His research has elucidated the onset of turbulence in various systems, including water in rotating cylinders.
A team of UNH and Dartmouth researchers will develop models for controlled thermonuclear fusion and turbulence in the Sun's environment. The grant supports a new center, CICART, which aims to leverage interdisciplinary collaborations and federal funding.
The MIT team has visualized a complex network of two types of curves formed by two distinct groups of particles. The first type of curve attracts other fluid particles, while the second type repels them. This discovery may lead to better understanding of turbulent mixing and aid in designing more efficient vehicles.
Researchers found evidence of magnetic reconnection in turbulent plasma around Earth using ESA's Cluster satellites. This discovery has significant implications for understanding the behavior of turbulent plasma and its role in fundamental processes such as energy dissipation and particle acceleration.
Researchers aim to shorten runway delays by creating near-axis swirls in trailing vortices, reducing turbulence and making runways usable more quickly. The study's goal is to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach and explain its physics.
Scientists at UCSC developed a new instrument to measure water droplet sizes in clouds, revealing a combination of entrainment and turbulence in raindrop formation. The findings suggest that stirring up droplets can speed up coalescence, challenging long-standing debates over the mechanisms behind this process.
Researchers developed a new formula to design flows that break polymers into specific lengths or withstand certain flows, with potential implications for industries like shipping and oil. This discovery also enables more precise control over the length of DNA strands in genome sequencing.
Researchers studied particle flow inside coronal streamers to understand space weather hazards. Turbulence within an oceanic mixed layer was found to inhibit sedimentation of planktonic particles. Zonal currents in the western equatorial Pacific Ocean were observed to flip direction, affecting water transport and zonal mass balance.
A research team led by Professor Eberhard Bodenschatz has experimentally tested two theories on how particles separate in strong turbulence. The results, which agree with George Batchelor's predictions but not the Richardson-Obukhov law, suggest that particles move more slowly away from each other than previously assumed.