Articles tagged with Cell Models
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new human liver microphysiology platform has been developed to study liver physiology, drug safety, and disease progression. The Sequentially Layered, Self-Assembly Liver (SQL-SAL) model mimics the physiological conditions created by immune, stellate, and endothelial cells.
The study introduces a super element modeling method for petroleum reservoir simulation, which speeds up calculations by hundreds of times. This allows for rapid development of oil fields with improved accuracy.
Researchers have developed a human in vitro cellular model of Cockayne syndrome, a devastating neurodegenerative condition. The model reveals key aspects of the disease, including altered electrophysiological activity and impaired neuronal function.
Researchers have identified saffron-based 'crocin' as a potential therapeutic agent against liver cancer, leveraging preclinical studies and network analyses. Crocin's mechanism involves regulating NF-kB, a key hub in liver cancer development, suggesting it as a promising target for early lesion prevention.
Researchers used CRISPR/Cas9 to guide human pluripotent stem cells into becoming a lab model for polycystic kidney disease (PKD), a common inherited disorder. The system produced stable, biologically accurate human models with cyst-like structures in kidney tubules.
A mathematical model developed by Brown University researchers sheds light on how zebrafish get their iconic stripes. The model simulates the movement of pigment cells and birth and death of cells to recreate the development of stripes as seen in experiments.
Researchers found that impairments in mitochondria can deplete cellular energy levels and cause neuronal dysfunction in a model of neurodegenerative disease. The study revealed the energy threshold needed to support synaptic vesicle cycling, highlighting the importance of mitochondrial function in brain cells.
Researchers have designed a model that reprograms fibroblasts to study Duchenne muscular dystrophy development using induced pluripotent stem cells. The study reveals that calcium ion channels may cause muscle degeneration in DMD patients, providing a clear drug target for treatment.
Scientists at Baylor College of Medicine have created a new disease model that closely resembles the human mechanisms and effectively studies hypercholesterolemia. The study successfully cured the disorder using gene therapy, offering a promising approach for treating metabolic diseases.
Scientists have developed a method for isolating primary human hepatocytes and different non-parenchymal cell fractions from the same donor tissue. The isolation process involves a two-step EDTA/collagenase perfusion technique followed by Percoll density gradient centrifugation, adherence separation, and magnetic activated cell sorting.
Researchers at Bar-Ilan University develop novel experimental model that successfully mimics the re-activation of the varicella-zoster virus, which causes chickenpox and shingles. The model allows scientists to test drugs and develop therapies to prevent shingles and potentially impact other viruses targeting the human nervous system.
Researchers found that serum glucocorticoid kinase 1 (SGK1) protects brain cells by blocking pathways involved in neurodegeneration and alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction. Increasing SGK1 levels offers a potential therapeutic approach for Parkinson's disease, as naturally occurring levels are not sufficient to promote cell survival.
Researchers found that actin fibers run throughout the cell, forming a network of 'roadways' for material transport. The study's findings could help engineer better cotton fibers, improve plant defense against insects, and alter plant architecture.
Scientists have mapped the physical structure of the nuclear landscape to understand changes in genomic interactions during cell senescence and ageing. They reconciled two models of ageing, finding that SAHF domains show a dramatic loss of local interconnectivity and internal structure in senescent chromatin.
Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania have discovered a critical relationship governing how cells ingest matter through endocytosis. By controlling membrane tension, they found that fewer proteins are needed to form a vesicle as tension decreases.
Research at RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center reveals ENGase enzyme responsible for protein degradation in absence of NGLY1. Studies show that inhibition of ENGase activity may serve as therapeutic target for patients with NGLY1 mutation.
The Allen Institute for Cell Science will create dynamic, visual models of cell behavior and share reagents, data, and tools with the scientific community. The initial project, Allen Cell Observatory, aims to accelerate disease research by predicting cell behaviors.
Researchers created a cellular model of Parkinson's disease using human stem cells from identical twins with the disease. The study found that dopamine-producing neurons had reduced activity and higher levels of α-synuclein protein, which can be targeted for therapy.
Researchers found that contextual visual cues play a greater role in drawing viewers into a movie than screen size. The study, published in Perception journal, used miniature movie theaters with computer screens and cell phone displays to test the effect of environment on immersion.
A new computational model developed at Princeton University may help understand tumor dormancy, a phenomenon that can last up to 25 years in pancreatic cancer. The model predicts that tumors are likely to grow rapidly when the number of dividing cells reaches a certain critical level.
Researchers have developed new genomic editing tools to create genetically identical patient-derived iPSCs for disease modeling. These advancements will improve the accuracy of drug testing and cell-based therapies, revolutionizing human disease modeling and treatment.
Scientists applied iPS cell technology to a transgenic nonhuman primate model of Huntington's disease, developing cellular features of the condition and discovering potential therapies for oxidative stress. This approach could aid in the discovery and evaluation of other treatments for the disorder.
Scientists at Technical University of Munich created a simple cell model with a specific function using basic ingredients. The artificial cell can move and change shape without external influences, mimicking natural cell behavior.
Researchers found that peripheral blood stem cells stimulated by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) can inhibit osteoarthritis progression in rats. The therapy has potential as a treatment for OA, but further studies are needed to determine its effectiveness in humans.
Researchers have discovered that asynchronous firing stimulates new branch formation in nerve cells, increasing connectivity despite weakening existing connections. This finding updates Hebb's model and provides new insights into brain development and neurodevelopmental disorders like autism and schizophrenia.
Researchers found that crowding leads to a dramatic increase in RNA folding rate, while unfolding rate remains relatively stable. This could have profound effects on biochemical pathways and cellular behavior.
Researchers investigated the Pael-R gene's involvement in rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease model cells using RNA interference. The study found that Pael-R expression decreased after treatment, but apoptosis and survival rates did not differ significantly between groups.
Researchers have developed robust new liver and fat cell models that report circadian clock function, allowing for high-throughput drug screening to find promising small molecules to resynchronize or help body clocks function normally.
Researchers developed new cell models to study circadian rhythms, enabling screening of candidate small molecules for improving clock function. These cell models can be used in basic labs and large-scale pharmaceutical firms to screen candidate drugs.
Researchers developed a NIST cell membrane model to detect bacterial vaginosis (BV) at low concentrations. The model revealed the presence of BV-causing bacteria by detecting protein toxin VLY in real-time, with improved sensitivity and speed compared to current methods.
Scientists have identified fourteen genes that may be implicated in Alzheimer's disease and one gene that shows inflammation plays a crucial role in the brain of Alzheimer's patients. The study provides new insight into the cause of the disease, offering potential targets for drug discovery.
Researchers at the University of Chicago and University of Massachusetts, Amherst, are studying the physical laws governing cellular materials. They aim to catalog phases, understand contraction mechanisms, and develop novel materials for various applications. Gardel's lab focuses on actin filaments, while Ross studies microtubules.
Researchers at Penn have developed a dynamic model of tissue failure that takes into account the complex feedback effects of cells' molecular motors. The study reveals how myosin activity contributes to tissue instability and provides insights for designing more accurate models to predict tissue behavior.
Movshon's groundbreaking work discovered neurons in the brain that enable global motion perception, revolutionizing our understanding of how we process complex visual scenes. His research has had a lasting impact on the field of visual neuroscience.
Researchers at Harvard University have identified a novel mechanism of kidney repair, where mature cells reprogram themselves after injury. This finding challenges the long-held theory that kidney stem cell populations respond to damage.
Researchers created a simplified computer model of the Fæhråe-Lindqvist layer, a thin plasma layer controlling platelet speed in blood vessels. The model predicts how different red blood cell shapes affect blood flow and can help design artificial platelets and treatments for trauma injuries.
Researchers at the University of Luxembourg's LCSB have developed a computational model that accurately predicts cell reprogramming, eliminating the need for stem cells. The breakthrough could lead to treatments for diseases like Parkinson's by repurposing healthy skin cells into functional nerve cells.
Researchers developed an ischemic stroke model using sodium alginate microspheres in miniature pigs. The method successfully blocked the skull base retia, establishing a reliable model for studying pathogenesis and developing safe drugs for cerebral infarction.
Researchers from Brown University have developed computer models that show how different types of red blood cells interact to cause sickle cell crisis. The findings suggest that softer, deformable red blood cells known as SS2 cells start the process by sticking to capillary walls, leading to blockages.
A study found that high levels of contractile stress in animal cells can lead to the formation of a condensed layer of filaments beneath the cell membrane. This new understanding provides insight into the cortical layer's structure and function.
Markus Covert, a Stanford bioengineer, has been awarded a $1.5 million grant to develop complex computer models of living organisms. He aims to build models of human cells and tackle fundamental questions in biology.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins University developed a new method called CETS to identify heterogeneous brain cells through epigenetic variation analysis. This will simplify the study of brain pathologies such as depression and age-associated disorders.
A new method creates ontology, a specification of all major players in the cell and their relationships, from large datasets. The approach captures known cellular components and identifies potentially new biological components, triggering updates to existing databases.
A NIST team developed a model to predict cell behavior and change, using a data-driven landscape approach. The method provides reliable numbers for the complex evolution of cell populations, crucial for biomanufacturing and stem cell therapies.
Researchers at NHCS have developed a novel human heart cell model of ARVC, allowing for safer study of genetic cardiovascular diseases and risk stratification. The model replicates key characteristics of the disease, including abnormal fatty changes and altered desmosomal proteins.
Scientists at Rice University and UTHealth discovered a simple formula that enables Myxococcus xanthus bacteria to create waves to spread and devour other bacteria. The formula involves side-to-side contact between cells, a reversal time interval, and physical interactions, allowing the waves to move outward in unison.
A new model system explores how cells' functional structures assemble through self-organisation. The study reveals that actin filaments, held together by cross-linking proteins and molecular motors, can rapidly compact into highly ordered fibres.
The European Commission's FET program has granted €4 million to create a functional 3D neuronal structure similar to the human brain. Researchers will develop a controlled environment to study and analyze the network.
A Cleveland Clinic research team has developed virtual models of human knee joints to study how tissues and cells respond to heavy loads. The simulations reveal that cartilage cells experience amplified deformations compared to larger scales, with a significant impact on their deformation patterns.
A team of scientists at the New York Stem Cell Foundation developed a cell-based model of Alzheimer's disease by reprogramming skin cells from patients into brain cells that are affected in Alzheimer's. The model recapitulates the features and functions of patient suffering from Alzheimer's, providing a critical tool for future researc...
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes have generated a human model of Huntington's disease from patient skin cells, providing a more accurate and faithful replication of the disease. This new model will help scientists better understand the development of Huntington's and identify potential therapeutic approaches.
A theoretical model simulates brain tumor cell evolution under treatment, revealing that peripheral cells need to be targeted. The model suggests enhancing TTF treatment by applying specific frequencies, leading to increased plasma membrane permeability and cancer cell demise.
Scientists have developed a reliable system to model and quantify protein aggregation's impact on cell viability, division, and aging. The study uses Escherichia coli bacteria and the AB42 peptide to predict protein aggregation's effects on cell aging, revealing potential natural chaperones that reduce this damage.
Researchers used bifurcation diagrams to analyze bursting electrical activity in pancreatic beta cells, finding distinct behavioral patterns under critical parameter regions. Dynamical systems approaches are gaining importance in biology due to their ability to dissect complex systems and understand cell-signaling mechanisms.
Virginia Tech researchers aim to fuse top-down and bottom-up approaches to study cells, combining computational models with experimental analysis to understand cellular responses.
A team of researchers has built a computer model of a bacterial cell's crowded interior, accurately simulating the behavior of living cells in response to environmental stimuli. By analyzing the distribution of molecules within the cell, they found that molecular crowding affects individual molecule movement and chemical reactions.
Researchers developed detailed models of brain energy metabolism to explain why some neurons die in Alzheimer's disease, while others remain unaffected. The models identified a key enzyme that allows GABAergic neurons to survive despite disrupted gene function.
Researchers found that most melanoma cells can drive disease progression and cannot be cured by targeting rare sub-populations. The study suggests that all melanoma cells have the ability to form tumors and change genes on the fly.
A new theoretical model reported in the Journal of Chemical Physics investigates protein unfolding under smaller forces, revealing a previously uncharacterized sequential loss of structure involving fluctuation between two intermediates. The researchers discovered more steps and complexity compared to previous experiments and models.
Researchers have created a new animal model for rheumatoid arthritis that closely mimics the human disease. The KRN-CTM model exhibits chronic inflammation and cartilage damage similar to human cases.