Articles tagged with Research Impact
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers found that distinct brain regions were active when rats chose between environments associated with pups or cocaine. This discovery may provide insight into the neural basis of decision-making and preference formation in mammals.
Researchers found that women with fourth-degree tears were significantly more likely to have bowel problems and incontinence of stool. The study suggests that third- and fourth-degree lacerations should not be grouped together as 'severe perineal lacerations' due to differing outcomes.
A recent study by a UC sociologist examines how audiences have shaped the evolution of capital punishment. The research highlights four areas where audiences have influenced contemporary conflicts in the death penalty: pain and technology, procedures and professionals, publicity and public access, and witness and psychological closure.
The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign's arts program offers expressive-arts classes for HIV/AIDS patients, providing a supportive community for them to express themselves. The program's facilitator-researcher, Dr. Kellman, aims to enable and facilitate healing through art-making.
Researchers found that consumers prefer a balance between social interaction and non-interaction, becoming uncomfortable when the experience becomes too intense. The study utilized Social Impact Theory to demonstrate the influence of mere presence on consumer behavior in retail contexts.
This study examines how consumers respond to visual images in advertising, revealing that subtle properties of ad pictures can significantly impact product impressions. Consistency between picture and ad copy is key to positive consumer perceptions.
Researchers found that credit card practices define consumption lifestyles and facilitate their attainment through consumption. However, some practices impede consumers from achieving desired lifestyles.
Research demonstrates that the probability of purchase from a given assortment is contingent on the complementarity of its features, rather than just noncomplementary attributes like size, color, and flavor. The study's findings suggest that assortments with complementary features may lead to a more adverse impact on consumer choice.
The NIH Pioneer Award program aims to support groundbreaking biomedical research through individual scientist awards, promoting diversity in the field. Eligible scientists can submit self-nominations until April 1, 2005, with funding up to $500,000 for five years.
A new method automatically extracts acknowledgments of funding agencies, institutions, and individuals in computer and information science papers. The study finds NSF leads in citations, while DARPA funds established researchers with high impact work.
Researchers have identified a key gene called TTF-1 that delays female puberty. The study found that mice lacking this gene exhibited delayed puberty and reproductive issues, suggesting a potential link to the nation's rising obesity rates.
Researchers pinpointed a specific gene, dardarin, causing PARK8-linked Parkinson's disease, affecting approximately 8% of Basque people with PD. The mutation is expressed throughout the brain and has characteristics of a molecular switch, suggesting a potential role in protein phosphorylation.
Acheson's work uses rational choice theory to understand how groups develop rules to conserve resources, with applications to managing other threatened natural resources. He is recognized for his contributions to applied anthropology and public policy.
A study by USC researchers found that job loss in a family can increase the risk of adolescents starting to smoke. The longitudinal study surveyed over 2,000 middle school students in Southern California and found that students who reported a family member's job loss were 87% more likely to try or smoke within 30 days.
A study found that less educated individuals face higher daily stress levels, which have more significant negative impacts on their health. The researchers discovered that daily stressors vary by socio-economic status, with those in disadvantaged positions experiencing greater health downturns.
The Gerontological Society of America offers the $10,000 Maxwell A. Pollack Award to recognize significant contributions to geriatrics and gerontology. Nominations include a resume, narrative, and policy/practice change examples.
New neutrino research has significant implications for technological advancements and our understanding of the universe. The study aims to improve techniques for making clean materials and detect clandestine nuclear weapons tests, while also shedding light on the role of neutrinos in the early universe and star explosions.
A research team led by Luann Becker found evidence of a large impact at the end-Permian boundary in Antarctica, suggesting it triggered the Great Dying, a time of mass extinctions. The team discovered shocked quartz, metallic grains, and breccia layers with similar characteristics to other mass extinction sites.
Exercise has been found to increase brain capillary volume, particularly in older animals, suggesting physical changes may occur. Additionally, monkeys who exercised showed improved performance and mental engagement compared to sedentary groups.
The current reserve system in the New World is inadequate, with only a tenth of protected areas reaching Disney World's size. Conservation investments may yield greatest impact in ten regions where biodiversity losses can be prevented.
Researchers Ted Sargent and Alex Vasilescu have been named to Technology Review's TR100 list for their groundbreaking work in nanotechnology, face recognition, and human motion analysis. Their innovative research has the potential to impact various industries, including security, biometrics, and filmmaking.
A low-intensity CQI intervention successfully increased the use of preoperative beta-blocker therapy and IMA grafting in elderly patients, achieving significant overall effect and positive trends. The study demonstrates a Medical Specialty Society CQI Platform as a model for rapid translation of evidence into practice.
Engineers studied the impacts of 9/11 on the World Trade Center, discovering factors that minimized infrastructure disruption. The study highlighted the importance of wireless communication, compartmentalized electrical systems, and heroic actions by utility workers.
A study by Penn State researchers found that slow download speeds increase arousal in some individuals, leading to greater physiological excitement and improved memory. Slower speeds also encourage more active browsing behaviors.
A team of researchers led by A. Welford Castleman Jr. has discovered exactly how an acid compound dissolves molecule by molecule using water molecules as a solvent. The study found that the interaction of four surrounding water molecules with the hydrogen-bromide molecule tips the energy balance, triggering its eventual dissolution.
A new study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology found that a healthy diet does not significantly affect Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) levels over a relatively short period. The researchers believe that longer-term dietary effects on prostate cancer are still unknown.
Dr. Doyle, a prominent chemist, has received the ACS George C. Pimentel Award for his contributions to chemical education. His most notable contribution is a study of 136 schools from 1986-2000 that found only 25% of published papers had student authors.
Research suggests asteroids were responsible for a massive impact event 3.9 billion years ago, which destroyed older rocks and created thousands of craters across the inner solar system. This bombardment may have provided an environment conducive to pre-biotic chemistry and early life evolution.
Case studies illustrate how special-interest groups influence policies on needle exchange programs, ergonomics, and mammograms. The authors suggest that institutions must address vested interests to ensure the appropriate use of scientific evidence.
Researchers developed fiber-optic sensors to detect flaws in rails and wheels, improving train safety by pinpointing location, speed, and damage. The palm-sized sensors offer a fast and cost-effective method to detect deformities in rail-car wheels, reducing the risk of derailment.
Researchers from Georgetown University Medical Center present findings on Gulf War illnesses, finding similarities to fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome. Cognitive-behavioral therapy improves treatment success rates by 48 percent for symptoms of both conditions.
A new study reveals that well-intentioned conservation programs in the Amazon are insufficient to offset the destruction from agriculture, timber, and mining. The researchers project devastating impacts on biodiversity, climate change, and global warming if current trends continue.
Grasslands have been found to sequester carbon under elevated CO2 conditions, with soil microbes playing a critical role in the process. This finding has important implications for understanding how ecosystems can mitigate climate change.
The National Science Foundation has awarded $2.5 million to NLANR to extend technical, engineering, and traffic analysis support to high-performance networking communities. The grant supports over 170 NSF-funded High-Performance Connections sites connecting to vBNS research network backbones.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have identified an imprinted gene called PEG3 on human chromosome 19, which is linked to ovarian cancer and gliomas. This discovery sheds new light on the role of imprinting in human disease and has implications for our understanding of autism.
A study found that concerns about unknown ingredients, inconvenience, and previous side effects are major barriers to flu immunization. Addressing these concerns through outreach efforts and physician-patient interactions can increase vaccination rates in low-income populations.
Recent studies by Max Planck researchers found that presenting statistical information in 'natural frequencies' rather than probabilities improves experts' ability to reach correct conclusions. This method makes it easier for people to understand risk, leading to increased accuracy in medical diagnoses and criminal verdicts.
A new national collaborative network for advanced earthquake engineering research and experimentation is being developed, enabling engineers to pool their experience and perform experiments and simulations on a larger scale. The network will also improve the design of infrastructure to withstand earthquakes and tsunamis.
A recent study by OHSU researchers found that 96% of physicians and nurses believe increased family expectations for pain management contributed to the observed increase in family reports of pain among dying patients. Additionally, decreased physician prescribing of pain medications (66%) and reduced nurse administration of pain medica...
Researchers found that FRAP regulates a membrane-to-cytoplasm communication network, governing cellular response to outside stimuli. The protein must shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm to function properly.
A new study found that low-cost self-help approaches, including mail and phone interventions, can help a sizable proportion of smokeless tobacco users quit. Phone counseling was particularly effective in aiding quitting, suggesting that verbal reporting of quit dates and use of oral substitutes may be key to success.
A study found that heavy drinkers were twice as likely to report work-related injuries, but most of this association was explained by working in dangerous occupations or holding jobs requiring a high school education or less. Further analysis revealed no significant association once these factors were considered.
Researchers at UMass developed a new technique for creating densely packed arrays of magnetic nanowires using self-assembling polymer scaffolds and electrodeposition. This technology has great potential in magnetic data storage and could be used to fabricate other array devices with nanoscale dimensions.
The completed Arabidopsis genome provides a roadmap for understanding plants to improve nutrition and health. Monsanto contributed to the effort through Cereon Genomics, releasing over 40,000 genetic markers that increased the resolution of genetic maps used by researchers.
Researchers believe that parts of ancient Mars may have resembled a land of lakes, with layered geologic outcrops suggesting sedimentary rock deposited in horizontal layers. The discovery suggests an extremely dynamic environment on early Mars, with water likely playing a key role in shaping the planet's geology.
Researchers at Imperial College London have developed a technique to measure and visualize how well the lower back moves during rowing, revealing differences between good and bad techniques. The system aims to provide dynamic feedback to rowers and coaches to improve training and reduce injuries.
University of Florida researchers found above-average temperatures significantly reduce rice yields, potentially reducing global food supply by 20-40%. The study suggests that warmer temperatures could force rice yields to zero by 2100.
A recent study by Virginia Tech researchers reveals that despite corrosion, the lead in bullets and shot remains trapped in mineral coatings, reducing environmental risk at shooting ranges. High concentrations of lead have been found on ranges worldwide, raising concerns about toxicity and environmental impact.
A comprehensive study found a high prevalence of pelvic floor disorders in the general population, affecting up to 50% of older women. The research highlights the need for increased medical attention and awareness about these often-stigmatized conditions.
Researchers from the University of Florida and Washington University in St. Louis have discovered that oxidative stress is involved in kwashiorkor, leading to high levels of free radicals destroying healthy cells. The study suggests giving children antioxidant supplements may help increase their life spans.
Researchers analyzed data on over 1,200 cardiac patients and found that negative affect and hopelessness were strong predictors of survival. These symptoms were linked to a 40% increased risk of death compared to those with little negative affect.
The George Warren Brown School of Social Work at Washington University in St. Louis has received a 5-year, $1.9 million grant to fund the Comorbidity and Addictions, Prevention, Intervention and Treatment Center (CAP-IT). The center will support groundbreaking research on addictions interventions for underserved populations and improve...
Dr. May L. Wykle receives the Doris Schwartz Gerontological Nursing Research Award for her pioneering research on minority caregivers and its impact on clinical practice and healthcare policy. Her work has mentored many doctoral students and influenced their research in gerontological nursing.
A new Yale research program aims to bridge the knowledge gap on women and drug abuse, providing training opportunities for scholars to develop sex-specific treatments and prevention strategies. The five-year program will focus on understanding the etiology of drug abuse in women and its impact on families.
Researchers at Penn State and the University of Miami studied two fault lines in Baja California to understand how strain is partitioned between them. The team found that the Agua Blanco fault has little earthquake activity, while the San Miguel fault has most of the earthquakes.
A recent study published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research examines the influence of peer and partner drinking on adults during the year before marriage. The research reveals that individual characteristics and friends' drinking behaviors are both significant factors in shaping adult drinking habits, with the spouse's fri...
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that dosing errors in clot-buster drugs may not be the primary cause of adverse outcomes. The study analyzed data from the ASSENT-2 trial and found that patients who received incorrect doses had similar mortality rates to those receiving the correct dose, suggesting confounding issues.
A new study by UC Berkeley researchers reveals that premature birth and low birthweight significantly exacerbate asthma symptoms in children when exposed to smog. Children born prematurely or with low birthweight are more likely to experience severe wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath on days with high air pollution levels.
The International Development Research Centre (IDRC) has awarded $20,000 doctoral research grants to five Canadian students. The winners will study various aspects of international development, including civil war's impact on Burundi's populations and the effects of State decentralization in Senegal.
The American Federation for Aging Research (AFAR) has launched Infoaging.org, a new website offering easy access to authoritative research on aging. The site aims to provide credible information on various aspects of aging, addressing the need for reliable health information among graying baby boomers.