Articles tagged with Research Impact
A commentary discusses common pitfalls of epidemiological research that lead to false-positive results, including chance, systematic errors, and inadequate accounting for confounding variables. To mitigate these issues, researchers should use more rigorous methods and evaluate results critically.
Researchers studied skyscraper run-ups to understand how athletes perform under high-intensity conditions, revealing the importance of anaerobic energy metabolism in maintaining speed. The findings suggest that top performers can maintain their pace by strategically dosing their initial effort.
A study found that households implementing environmentally sustainable behavior reported a reduction of approximately two tonnes in greenhouse gas emissions per year. Key factors influencing adoption included financial cost, lack of time and knowledge, and lifestyle factors such as household size and vehicle ownership.
Researchers at NIST have uncovered an unusual phenomenon that may impact how manufacturers estimate the lifetime of future nanoscale electronics. The 'electron trapping' effect causes a temporary negative charge and heightened conductivity during recovery from stress, complicating threshold voltage shift measurements.
Expressing fuel efficiency in gallons per mile rather than miles per gallon can help consumers choose more fuel-efficient cars. This format reveals the actual gas savings from improvements in fuel efficiency, making it easier for families to identify the most efficient option within their chosen car class.
The National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) is positioning the dental research community for future success through interdisciplinarity, collaboration, and innovation. The NIDCR is investing in practice-based research networks to move dentistry towards evidence-based practices.
A new study published in Molecular Nutrition and Food Research found that apples and apple juice have similar cardiovascular protective properties to grapes. The researchers observed that processing the fruit into juice increases the bioavailability of antioxidants and phenolic compounds, which can help prevent early atherosclerosis.
The Gerontological Society of America has selected ten faculty members to join the Hartford Faculty Scholars Program, which aims to improve health and care for older adults. The researchers will focus on topics such as caregiving, mental health, and aging in different cultures.
Scientists have found that migratory moths use various strategies to control their flight direction and speed, including selecting favorable wind directions and compensating for wind drift. These findings provide the first conclusive evidence for a compass mechanism in nocturnal insect migration.
A new 300km diameter giant ocean eddy has emerged off the NSW coast, with scientists tracing its birth to last August. The cold water at the new eddy's centre has welled up about 500m from the ocean depths, providing valuable insights into ocean forecasting systems.
A recent study published in Journal of Consumer Research found that the feel of a container can significantly impact consumer perceptions of taste and quality. Low autotelics, those who tend to avoid touching products, were more negatively affected by flimsy cups, while high autotelics showed no significant difference.
Tests on ground squirrels found that moderate cortisol levels improve learning, while low or high levels impede it. The study suggests a link between cortisol and learning, which could inform understanding of human cognitive development.
A Canadian-US research team has solved a major genetic mystery: how a protein in some people's DNA guards against killer immune diseases like HIV. The discovery of FOX03a offers promise for HIV vaccine development and treatments for other immune diseases, such as cancer and rheumatoid arthritis.
Research highlights the importance of social support and accurate information for menopausal women in rural areas, who often struggle to access reliable healthcare. Trained nurses and female community leaders can play a key role in building local support networks and providing comprehensive care.
Researchers find that watching someone eat a snack will cause you to also eat more of it, while mimicked posture and speech lead to higher ratings and increased consumption. The study suggests that mimicry has the potential to be a valuable tool in interpersonal persuasion.
A new international study identifies vulnerable areas at risk for abrupt climate change, including the Arctic sea ice and Greenland ice sheet. The researchers warn that these 'tipping elements' may be pushed over a threshold to a radically different climate state, with catastrophic consequences.
A new study published in Current Biology confirms the disease threat facing great apes, finding evidence of virus transmission from humans to wild apes. The study also shows that research and tourism projects have suppressed poaching of chimpanzees, outweighing mortality caused by human disease introduction.
A new computer-based tool, eTBLAST, compares multiple documents in a database for similarities, helping to detect duplicate or plagiarized publications. The tool has been shown to identify potential plagiarism cases in over 7,000 papers, and may also aid in detecting duplicated publications.
A new study from Purdue, Indiana University, and UConn examines how consumers evaluate brand extensions. Consumers tend to judge follower products based on their fit with the parent brand rather than solely on performance.
Researchers found that asking people to choose among products primes them to think about positive attributes, leading to a more favorable evaluation of subsequent items. In another experiment, participants who ranked hotel prices from highest to lowest were willing to pay an average of $19 more than those who did the reverse.
The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics will present eight awards to recognize outstanding achievements in aerospace science and engineering. The recipients include Helen Reed, Andrew Arena, Alan Tribble, Ryan Starkey, Wayne Sand, Vigor Yang, and six graduate students for their research endeavors.
A new study in Journal of Consumer Research found that optimistic thinking about future goals can lead to detrimental decisions, such as overindulging in unhealthy snacks. In contrast, focusing on commitment to a goal results in more consistent actions with its attainment.
A new model regarding physical activity recommendations is emerging, highlighting the importance of non-exercise activities in countering health risks. Researchers found that sitting for extended periods can have negative effects on fat and cholesterol metabolism, while standing can burn double the number of calories.
The UK's first independent Centre for Charitable Giving and Philanthropy has been established to support high-quality research and inform policy decisions on charitable giving. The centre will explore individual, corporate, and institutional giving, as well as its impact on social and economic inequalities.
A new study in the Journal of Consumer Research found that negative opinions cause the greatest attitude shifts, both positive-to-negative and negative-to-worse. Consumers are more susceptible to influence when others have negative opinions, especially if they initially held positive attitudes.
A recent study by Harvard Medical School reveals that over half of US adults experience a mental or physical condition affecting their role functioning, resulting in 1.3 billion lost days annually. Major depression is associated with the largest number of lost days, followed closely by chronic back-neck pain.
A recent Arctic heat wave has led to a significant revision of climate change forecasts and research findings. The extreme temperatures on Melville Island have caused widespread erosion, changed sediment loads, and impacted water quality, highlighting the urgent need for improved models predicting future climate change in the High Arctic.
A team of international researchers suggests that a comet or low-density object caused the mass extinctions at the end of the Ice Age, proposing a 'mini nuclear winter' triggered by a 10-million-megaton detonation. This impact would have destabilized a vast ice sheet, leading to rapid cooling and subsequent climate change.
A study by USC researchers found that a storyline on ER about teen obesity and healthy eating habits positively impacted viewers' attitudes and behaviors, with men showing the strongest effects. The study highlights the potential of entertainment television as a medium for health communication.
Researchers found that HIV reduced population growth in worst-affected areas by two-thirds, but the overall population continues to grow, with a higher crude death rate and lower birth rate in the presence of HIV.
Six researchers will receive $60,000 awards to investigate biological, genetic, and environmental factors associated with Alzheimer's. The study aims to identify new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the disease, which affects an estimated 26 million people worldwide.
A new study demonstrates how visual arrangement of alternatives can increase the likelihood of a product being chosen. Grouping options with similar characteristics can emphasize dissimilar options and help them stand out.
Research reveals that online research largely replaces in-dealership price negotiations and test drives. Online information sources have become the most widely used, substituting traditional sources such as Consumer Reports. This shift implies a better-informed buyer who is ready to negotiate.
Researchers found that courts currently provide inadequate financial compensation for grieving families, with average annual damages ranging from £21,000 to £312,000. The study used statistical tools in happiness research to estimate the real loss felt by individuals, revealing significant gender differences in grief.
Researchers propose a comet impacted the Laurentide Ice Sheet, causing a 1,000-year-long cold spell and fragmenting human populations. The theory suggests that this event led to the extinction of numerous animal genera and ecological shifts.
A study by Tuba Üstüner and Douglas B. Holt explores the consumer identity projects of poor migrant women in Turkish squatter communities. The researchers found two distinct reactions to Western consumer culture: some created a nostalgic environment, while others transformed themselves through shopping and social outings.
Researchers found that a 15-week Tai Chi program significantly improved headache pain and overall quality of life for adults suffering from tension headaches. The exercise's emphasis on relaxation and breathing may address the underlying cause of tension headaches.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that detailed visits by drug representatives can lead to increased prescribing of gabapentin for non-approved uses. Doctors reported a substantial proportion of visits contained messages on non-approved uses, with many stating an intention to increase their use of the drug.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute found that carbon nanotubes inhibited growth in mammalian cells but sustained bacterial growth, highlighting the need for further research on nanotechnology's environmental impacts. The studies suggest different nanomaterials have varying effects on human health and the environment.
In Beijing, patients use 'shang huo' to describe oral health issues like tooth pain and swelling. This concept illustrates how multiple medical traditions interact within a single oral health culture.
A Penn State researcher suggests that overemployed workers who cut back on their hours may benefit work-life balance, quality of life, and create employment opportunities for the underemployed. The study found that 7% of workers prefer to reduce hours and income, which could lead to greater efficiency and employee retention.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered that digitally expressing happiness can improve the effectiveness of online product presentations. Participants preferred interacting with a happy avatar over a sad one, regardless of the product's emotional tone.
Researchers found that infants looked significantly longer at impossible figures, indicating they can detect some three-dimensional features at a young age. This ability provides insights into the development of mechanisms for processing pictorial depth cues.
A study found that Dry Eye Syndrome (DES) significantly impacts daily activities such as reading, computer work, professional work, and watching TV. DES affects an estimated 4.8 million people in the US, with women more likely to be affected than men.
A study found that benefits of increased homework vary widely across nations, grades, and quality of schools. In the US, there is a negative relationship between higher homework amounts and student achievement in elementary schools, but only a small benefit in middle schools.
Researchers found that consumers who didn't understand the joke often preferred clever slogans with multiple meanings. A new scale measures how quickly people grasp additional meanings, showing that degree of understanding has little impact on response.
Albert Fert's discovery of giant magnetoresistance has revolutionized the development of spintronics, enabling high-performance magnetic read heads in hard drives. This technology has a significant impact on information and communications technologies.
Restricting travel can significantly reduce the spread of infections like SARS, with a 50% decrease in infected individuals and over 80% reduction in affected municipalities. A ban on trips longer than 20 km would have an even greater impact, reducing the spread even if compliance is as low as 70%
Researchers are developing climate-ready crops to withstand heat, drought, and flooding, aiming to boost agriculture's role in reducing greenhouse gases. The CGIAR is focusing on refining a comprehensive climate change agenda to streamline research and improve crop yields.
A recent study by University of Alberta psychologist Dr. Norman Brown found that momentous events like 9/11 do not drastically change people's daily lives. Instead, their memories are influenced more by historical events that have a significant impact on their daily routines.
Research finds that parity pricing increases the likelihood of customers ordering dessert when unsure what to choose. Differential pricing can both help and hinder decision-making depending on consumer preferences.
A survey by ARVO found that the major factor limiting the use of human eye tissue is a lack of availability meeting stringent criteria. Researchers are exploring ways to manage the shortage, including working closely with eye banks and clarifying experimental needs.
A study found that exposure to The Daily Show led participants to rate candidates more negatively and view the political system as more cynical. Researchers conclude that this may deter young Americans from voting. The study's implications for political participation should be explored further.
The Gerontological Society of America has recognized ten faculty scholars from across the US for their outstanding research contributions to the field of aging. The awardees include researchers exploring topics such as caregiver neglect, nursing home psychosocial care and health disparities among older Latinos.
Researchers investigate transformation of air pollution as it flows downwind from Mexico City, focusing on impacts on human health and climate. The study aims to understand pollution transport across continents and assess regional air quality and climate effects.
Research reveals farmed salmon have evolved genetically differently to wild salmon, backing claims of negative impact on health. The study found 20% difference in genes and potential for hybridization altering wild salmon's fitness.
Collaborative research in nutritional genomics aims to develop new diagnostic tests, identify nutrient needs, and create more nutritious foods. The international consortium seeks to address health disparities by involving diverse cultures and protecting individual biological information.
Scientists used ancient sea creature shells to uncover a monumental reversal in deep-ocean circulation patterns around the world. The shift was triggered by global warming and led to drastic climatological and biological changes.
A study by Jennifer Edson Escalas and James R. Bettman found that consumers use brands to communicate their social self, with more symbolic brands having a greater impact. Independent consumers tend to reject out-group associations, while interdependent consumers build brand connections that align with their in-groups.
A Canadian study found that job strain increases systolic blood pressure by 2.8 mmHg, while high marital cohesion in the presence of job strain decreases it by 2.5 mmHg over a year. The study suggests people with high job strain and low marital cohesion should see their doctor for a blood pressure check.