Articles tagged with Scientific Journals
Researchers in China have developed a portable laboratory and topography meter to measure the frequency of random landslides on the steep slopes of the Loess Plateau. The system allows for site-specific tests, such as simulated rainfall, and can digitally reconstruct the slope's behavior under erosion conditions.
A study found that traumatic childhood experiences have a profound impact on the mental health of healthcare professionals, causing them to think more deeply about life's meaning. The findings highlight the need for adequate support for clinicians in the aftermath of traumatic childbirth.
The Journal of Dairy Science has expanded its article collections to include six new subject areas, including Tail Docking, Listeria monocytogenes and Dairy Products, and Casein. ADSA members can access full content through individual membership or institutional subscription.
Researchers found that a cannabinoid receptor called CB2 helps regulate the creation of sperm, providing evidence for marijuana's impact on male fertility and suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for treating male infertility. The study suggests that a balance of CB2 activation is required for proper spermatogenesis.
Research published in The FASEB Journal suggests that maternal obesity and poor nutrition during pregnancy can impair the fertility of female offspring. The study found that daughters whose mothers ate a high-fat, high-sugar diet had fewer eggs than normal.
Research suggests that bilingual speakers can avoid language-switching costs by consistently using the same language throughout a conversation or task. In experiments, participants were shown to respond faster when they stuck with a language rather than switching mid-sentence.
Current methods for predicting damage to coral reefs are limited by a focus on individual species in isolation. To address this, researchers propose combining empirical evidence with traditional biological scaling models and computer simulations to understand the emergent properties of acidification-afflicted reef ecosystems. This appr...
The article discusses the successful implementation of acupuncture in US military settings, specifically Battlefield Acupuncture (BFA), and its potential benefits for treating pain. The authors highlight the importance of data collection to assess outcomes and explore additional integrative medicine techniques.
A study of young, light-use waterpipe smokers found marked changes in airway cells and increased particles shed by endothelial cells. These biological changes indicate early lung damage, highlighting the need for large epidemiologic studies to assess the harmful effects of waterpipe smoking.
Neuroscientists at Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown in Lisbon report novel findings that challenge the way the scientific community has been thinking about how actions are selected and habits are formed. The study reveals that two competing pathways in the Basal Ganglia work concurrently to promote distinct, positive outcomes.
The Endocrine Society is launching a new open-access journal, Journal of the Endocrine Society (JES), to rapidly publish cutting-edge science in endocrinology. The journal will cover topics such as diabetes, obesity, and hormone-related cancers.
Researchers have identified 10 oft-repeated errors in obesity studies, including pre-post differences between groups, cluster randomized trials, and meta-analysis calculation errors. These flaws can lead to inaccurate weight loss results and undermine the validity of obesity research.
A study found that take-home naloxone programs significantly reduce heroin overdose mortality rates and have a low risk of adverse events. The study, conducted by researchers at the National Addiction Centre at King's College London, analyzed data from 22 observational studies in the USA, Canada, UK, and Germany.
Eindhoven and Mexican researchers confirm Christiaan Huygens' hypothesis that two pendulum clocks oscillate in synchrony, with implications for understanding biological rhythms and human epilepsy. They also discovered that pendulum clocks move more slowly over time, making them unreliable timekeepers.
Negative portrayals of aging dominate popular music lyrics, often reflecting a young person's perspective on old age. Research highlights the need for more positive and inclusive media reporting on aging issues to avoid stereotypes.
A psychology study from New York University found that Whites living in areas with lower interracial exposure have a harder time categorizing mixed-race faces and show greater prejudice against them. This bias arises from unstable visual processing of racially ambiguous faces, which translates into negative biases.
Fish populations that gather and spawn in large groups face growing threats from overexploitation and inadequate management. Insufficient regulation allows a few active boats to deplete these vulnerable populations, while changing economic conditions may lead to rapid species declines.
A newly discovered Microwhip scorpion fossil from the Mesozoic period has been found in Burmese amber. The fossil, named Electrokoenenia yaksha, is a tiny, yellowish creature that lived alongside dinosaurs 100 million years ago.
A new study reveals that the earliest tetrapods developed fins with surprisingly similar levels of diversity, challenging long-held assumptions about evolution. The research found that fish and early tetrapods exhibited comparable variations in fin anatomy, despite differences in skeletal structures.
A study published in Biophysical Journal illustrates the biomechanics of Hydra's mouth opening process, revealing that cells stretch and deform to accommodate the widening of its mouth. The researchers found that radially oriented fibers contract to stretch the cells apart, similar to muscle contraction.
Oxford University Press launches Biology Methods & Protocols, a new open access journal focusing on biological sciences methods and protocols. The journal aims to provide a common forum for methodology and protocol papers, benefiting from an international editorial board led by Dr. Silvia Ayora.
The Journal of Dairy Science has compiled a set of articles on the science of tail docking, addressing topics such as pain, hygiene, and biological responses. The collection includes 10 research articles published between 2000 and 2010, freely available online to inform discussion in the dairy community.
A special issue on ocean acidification is published by ICES Journal of Marine Science, exploring various effects and interactions with other environmental drivers. The issue features studies with both negative and no significant effects, promoting a broader understanding of the complex mechanisms involved.
Researchers found that osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) significantly improved symptoms in patients with moderate to severe low back pain, reducing disability by up to 50%. The study suggests OMT as a viable alternative to surgery for these patients.
A survey of 1400 endangered species found 78 vulnerable to nitrogen-induced harms. Nitrogen's impacts on biodiversity are diverse, including direct toxicity, depleted oxygen, and invasive species that outcompete native populations.
A new study found that adding raltegravir to standard antiretroviral therapy did not reduce HIV DNA levels or improve CD4+ T-cell counts in early HIV infection patients. Researchers from the University of Washington and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases reported their results after a 96-week study.
The oldest zoological journal in Africa, African Invertebrates, has moved to Pensoft's ARPHA publishing platform for fast-track professional publication services and semantically enriched content. This move aims to ensure the journal's future relevance and growth through cutting-edge publishing tools and workflows.
Research found that riders in crowded subway trains are about twice as likely to respond to mobile ads by making a purchase. The study examined responses to mobile ads of riders who took the subway in a large city and found that purchase rates increased significantly when there were more people per square meter.
Researchers found that Retigabine enhances the resting potential open state stability of K7.2/K7.3 channels, increasing potassium ion flow and decreasing electrical signals. This may help refine pharmacotherapy for epilepsy and related disorders.
People with depression are more likely to smoke and try to quit but face difficulties in overcoming addiction. Seeing a stop-smoking specialist and using nicotine products can improve their chances of quitting successfully.
Elsevier has launched Transplantation Reports, an online-only, open-access journal serving the international transplant community. The journal will publish original research, reviews, editorials, and commentaries related to transplantation.
Researchers have found an artificial diet that makes it easier to rear insects, including moths and other species. They successfully reared 39 different moth species on the McMorran diet, saving time, space, and money.
A recent study suggests that the Bombus occidentalis bumble bee may be making a comeback in the Pacific Northwest. The population's resurgence is believed to be linked to evolution and a decline in the impact of the Nosema parasite. This reversal could have significant implications for local ecosystems.
Professor Bill Brown from Columbia Seminary will present on 'Theological Reasons for Protecting Biodiversity' at the AAAS 2016 Annual Meeting. He argues that the crisis of biodiversity loss is underappreciated by people of religious faith, and institutions must develop theological grounding to value biodiversity.
Researchers discovered a large amount of fish bones fermented in a pit around 9,200 years ago, suggesting the ancient Scandinavians had more advanced technology and culture. This finding compares to Neolithic people in the Middle East, who were traditionally thought to have settled earlier.
Researchers found that young Black boys' faces trigger thoughts of guns and violence, even at a young age. This bias affects automatic social cognition and can shape perceptions of Black Americans as hostile and violent.
A recent study in The FASEB Journal found that the number of articles dealing with basic scientific research in top medical journals has decreased dramatically over the past two decades. This decline is likely to reduce doctors' exposure to science, which could have implications for advances in medicine.
Researchers have developed a chimera design that allows antibodies to cross cell membranes, potentially reducing the need for invasive biopsies. This breakthrough could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's, and viral infections.
Research published in The FASEB Journal found that prunetin, a plant-derived compound, prolongs lifespan and enhances overall health in male fruit flies by increasing glucose balance and fitness levels. The effect was not observed in female fruit flies.
Researchers found nearly half of IPF-related websites recommended medications with no proven benefit, while more than a third suggested harmful treatments. The top two accurate sources were Wikipedia and Medscape.
Researchers have discovered a molecular link between psychiatric disorders and type 2 diabetes, with the DISC1 gene playing a critical role in pancreatic beta cell function. The study found that disrupting the DISC1 gene led to increased beta cell death, impaired glucose regulation, and reduced insulin secretion.
Scientists have created a material that turns fluorescent when detecting explosives in its vicinity. This discovery could lead to improved e.g., airport security measures. The new material consists of molecules held together by weak bonds, which are easily influenced by their surroundings and can be used to detect explosives.
Two Penn professors, Dorothy Roberts and Sarah Tishkoff, co-authored a piece in Science journal arguing that the use of genetic concepts of race is problematic and harmful. They recommend using terms like ancestry and population instead.
The International Radiosurgery Oncology Consortium has developed consensus guidelines for the safe implementation and practice of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) for primary renal cell carcinoma. SBRT is a non-invasive treatment option with favorable comparisons to existing treatments, offering a cost-effective and widely av...
Embedded projectiles can pose significant risks to surgical teams, and identifying them requires careful consideration of clinical and radiological factors. Radiological studies, including CT scans, are crucial for determining the presence and potential explosive nature of embedded ordnance.
Researchers tested ravens' understanding of 'seeing' as mental state, using their predisposition to compete for hidden food. The birds showed cache protection behaviors when dominants were visible or audible, indicating they mentally integrate information about others' presence and their own visual experience.
Researchers analyzed over 2,200 breakfast cereals and prepared meals with front-of-pack (FOP) claims, finding no correlation between the claims and nutritional quality. The FDA defines four types of FOP claims, but none can distinguish 'healthy' foods.
A new study published in Psychological Science found that exposure to exemplary peer work can undermine student motivation and lead to quitting. Researchers discovered that students who assessed exemplary peers' essays were substantially less likely to earn course credit than those who assessed average peers' essays.
A large study found that women with prehypertension late in pregnancy are more likely to give birth to underweight babies and experience stillbirths. The likelihood of having a small baby increased by 2% for each single point rise in diastolic blood pressure.
Research suggests that while positive fantasies may alleviate depressive mood in the moment, they can actually exacerbate symptoms over time. The study found a link between increased positivity and lower grades, which is associated with higher depression scores.
A study found a significant decline in basic science research published in top medical journals over the past 20 years. This decline may impact physicians' understanding of and interest in basic mechanisms of disease and treatments.
Researchers at McGill University found that chronic pain changes DNA marking in the brain and white blood cells, impacting immune function. This epigenetic discovery could lead to new targets for pain medications.
A roundtable discussion explores the addictive potential of cannabis, its symptoms, risks, and health consequences. The discussion also examines current research efforts to identify effective treatments for cannabis addiction and ongoing clinical trials testing investigational agents.
A study published in Optometry and Vision Science found that children with severe astigmatism can improve their reading fluency after wearing glasses, with effects most apparent among older children reading smaller text. The study supports the recommendation for full-time spectacle wear in astigmatic students.
The updated clinical practice guideline supports doctors of chiropractic's role in diagnosing and treating patients with low-back disorders. The guidelines recommend a hierarchy of clinical methods based on evidence levels and promote active care strategies to improve functional recovery and patient self-reliance.
A new long-term simulation study confirms that partial replacement of lead pipes with copper can increase lead exposure to harmful levels. The study found that elevated lead from corrosion worsened over time for the 50% copper configurations, exceeding health safety thresholds.
A recent French study found that a drug tested on paid volunteers resulted in one death and five hospitalizations but did not contain cannabis or cannabinoids. The drug, an FAAH inhibitor, may have interacted with another protein responsible for the toxicity.
A recent study published in the Journal of Vision shows that individuals can distinguish between focused and distracted crowds, suggesting our gut feelings are reliable. The research reveals the brain has evolved to quickly grasp information from crowds, helping speakers gauge audience engagement.
Researchers found that people eat fewer calories when served smaller pizza slices on large tables, as the larger surface distracts from slice size. The study recommends serving food in small portions and on large surfaces to promote eating less.
The study reveals that citizen science has become a significant force in various scientific disciplines. Citizen scientists contribute millions of observations to research projects, with notable success in biology, ecology, and astronomy. However, the quality of these contributions is often not acknowledged by researchers.