Articles tagged with Scientific Journals
Research finds that kindergartners, but not preschoolers, perceive hard work as increasing the value of unappealing prizes. This suggests that children's cognitive strategies for handling disappointing rewards differ at different ages.
Research found that people use their neighborhoods as a gauge of wealth distribution, influencing wealthy individuals' perceptions of the broader population's wealth. The study also revealed a chain-like relationship between household income, social-circle income, and perceived fairness.
The new open access journal aims to connect biological and social sciences for evidence-based discussions in educational practice, policy, and theory. It provides a forum for interaction between neurocognitive researchers and educators.
A recent study found that galvanized steel pipes can release high levels of lead into drinking water, with concentrations reaching up to 172 µg/L. Copper piping installed upstream can worsen lead release from the zinc coating, posing a significant risk to public health.
A longitudinal study of high school biology instructors reveals that biology dominates STEM education and the workforce increased 50% between 1987 and 2007. However, the same trend also shows that teachers outside their discipline are often assigned to teach outside their capabilities.
A new Dartmouth study reveals that the brain encodes conceptual information in a way that combines object category-specific information with non-specific visual features. The research provides valuable insights into the mind-brain relationship, offering a deeper understanding of how we perceive and organize visual stimuli.
Research suggests that cognitive training can improve shooting abilities by enhancing response inhibition, particularly in individuals with ADHD. The study found that participants who underwent response inhibition training shot fewer civilians in simulated scenarios, indicating a potential new approach to firearms training.
Research using photos and sentencing data from Florida inmates found that those perceived as less trustworthy on their face received death sentences, even after adjusting for other factors. The study highlights the influence of facial biases in decision-making processes, particularly in high-stakes situations like capital punishment.
The determination of fundamental constants is becoming increasingly accurate, according to a review paper published this week. This will aid in the redefinition of standard scientific units, including the kilogram and the Kelvin, by 2018.
Researchers from Italy, Japan and Germany correlated two precise measurements of Avogadro's number to obtain a single value that can be used to redefine the kilogram. The new estimate will help expand international access to precise measurements and pave the way for a more accurate and globally accessible definition.
A systematic review of 24 studies found statistically significant improvement in patient outcomes with acupuncture compared to placebo acupuncture or no treatment. The findings support the potential for acupuncture as a treatment modality in dermatology.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Hypertension revealed a decline in blood pressure levels among US children and adolescents over the past decade. The study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999-2012, finding that mean blood pressure levels, as well as the prevalence of elev...
A new study reveals that climate change is compressing the geographic ranges of North American and European bumblebees, leading to significant population declines. The research highlights the importance of conserving these vital crop pollinators globally to prevent their extinction.
A new study provides evidence that evaporation combined with sinking of heavy components explains the presence of oil on the sea floor after a spill. The research, published in Environmental Engineering Science, offers a critical proof-of-concept for future oil slick modeling and clean-up strategies.
Gerhard M. Sessler, a renowned expert in acoustics, received the 2015 Gold Medal of the Acoustical Society of America for his groundbreaking work on electret and silicon-based microphones. His inventions have led to the development of highly sensitive and cost-effective microphones that dominate global production.
New studies reveal that hypertensive individuals experience higher rates of cognitive decline compared to non-hypertensive populations. Additionally, African Americans with hypertension bear a disproportionate burden of disability and mortality associated with the condition. These findings underscore the importance of effective managem...
Research found that partners who date soon after meeting are more physically attractive than those who know each other for longer periods. The study suggests that having more time to get acquainted allows other factors like compatibility to make a person appealing, rather than just physical attractiveness.
Research suggests that cheek muscles can maintain their mass and function better than leg muscles in low-gravity environments, such as space. The study found that the cheek muscles of mice experienced less atrophy when exposed to weightlessness compared to their leg muscles.
A new study published in The FASEB Journal suggests that sialic acid attachment to cell surfaces affects brain structure and function, leading to poor motor skills, hyperactivity, and difficulty in learning. Small changes in sialic acid attachment result in significant neurological problems.
The Transparency and Openness Promotion (TOP) Committee has outlined new guidelines to strengthen transparency and reproducibility practices in science research. The guidelines aim to increase openness and confidence in findings by promoting the sharing of data, code, and research materials. By adopting these standards, researchers can...
New research suggests that depressed people often choose to increase rather than decrease their sadness in daily life. Studies found that depressed participants preferred sad music and re-watched sad images more frequently than non-depressed individuals. The findings highlight the importance of motivation in regulating emotions.
Researchers have used ultra-short pulses of X-rays to create a film of shock waves in diamonds, providing new insights into the structure of these hard materials. The study reveals that intense shock waves can compress diamond by almost ten percent, opening up new perspectives on its dynamic behavior under high pressure.
A new study found that people allocate medical resources equally across groups, but make more efficient decisions when presented with individual patient information. This bias towards equality can lead to suboptimal allocation decisions, but may also have positive outcomes in certain contexts.
The practice of breast milk sharing has evolved into an Internet-based marketplace where mothers sell their milk to feed babies and as a supplement to bodybuilders. Breast milk purchase on the Internet poses risks, including dilution with cow's milk or bacterial contamination due to improper storage.
A review of clinical studies suggests that plant-based terpenoids have therapeutic potential for treating various skin diseases, including actinic keratosis and hyperpigmentation. The compounds' anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties may help alleviate symptoms of these conditions.
A study led by Catarina Ferreira reveals that peer reviews in scientific research are subjective and variable in quality. The researcher proposes alternatives to improve the system, including standardizing review criteria, guidelines, and recognition of reviewers.
A study analyzing 4,200 Ph.D. candidates found that 'joiners' - employees who support startup founders - share similar risk-tolerance and autonomy desires as founders, but prioritize functional roles over management. The research highlights the importance of preparing STEM doctorates for entrepreneurial employee career paths.
Researchers warn that genetically modified salmonids may outcompete wild-type fish due to enhanced feeding motivation. However, increased aggression could expose them to greater predation risk, reducing their overall fitness.
A study by the University of Montreal found that five companies - Reed-Elsevier, Springer, Wiley-Blackwell, Taylor & Francis, and Sage - now publish more than 50% of academic articles. The large commercial publishers have huge sales with profit margins of nearly 40%, but question whether they are still necessary in today's digital era.
A study of travertine deposits in the Anio Novus aqueduct revealed an actual estimate of its flow rate, significantly lower than previous estimates. The aqueduct's average water level indicates it was almost always full of water, supplying Rome with a reliable water supply that enabled urbanization during the first century AD.
A new study published in the Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition found that credentialed providers have a significantly higher understanding of nutrition support practice. The study's results showed that credentialed providers answered 6.18 out of 8 questions correctly, compared to non-credentialed providers who answered 4.56 q...
Research on gender in GI publishing landscape reveals growing proportion of female first authors, but senior authors still lag behind. The study found a significant association between the gender of the lead and senior author.
A nearly intact skull of a new horned dinosaur species, Regaliceratops peterhewsi, has been discovered in Alberta, Canada. The specimen features a crown-like frill with large pentagonal plates and a central spike, challenging current classification of horned dinosaurs.
Matthew W. Urban, Associate Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, received the R. Bruce Lindsay Award for his work on ultrasonic measurement of viscoelastic properties of tissues. The award recognizes his substantial contributions to acoustics through published papers.
A cross-disciplinary study applies CHANS to examine dynamics of livestock rearing on the Mongolian Plateau between 1980 and 2010. The research highlights unique opportunities for applying CHANS due to contrasting socioeconomic and political systems in Mongolia and Inner Mongolia.
A survey of 140 civilian physicians found they needed more training to understand health implications of military service and communicate with veteran patients. The study highlights a need for resources and education to provide high-quality care to veterans, who often face long-term physical and mental health issues.
Steven P. Armes receives the prestigious award for his groundbreaking research in colloid and polymer chemistry, which fosters international and scientific exchange in the field. The lecture will be presented at IACIS conference in Mainz on May 28th.
A traditional Chinese medicine herbal mixture called Ren Shen Yangrong Tang (RSYRT) significantly reduced fatigue in cancer patients with moderate to severe symptoms. In a Phase I/II trial, RSYRT was found to be safe and effective in improving Qi deficiency, a key factor contributing to fatigue.
Research shows that imagining a visual target before searching for it is faster and more efficient than actual practice. This study suggests that the human brain benefits from visualization, which changes how information is processed early on in the visual system.
A study published in Science found that an anti-poverty program providing productive assets, job training, and life-skills coaching increased income by 5%, food consumption by 8%, and savings by 96% among participants over a three-year period. The results demonstrate sustained gains in well-being, with improved mental health and reduce...
A new study published in the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine found that acupuncture significantly reduced pain and inflammation in pediatric patients with acute appendicitis. The treatment also showed a modest drop in white blood cell count, suggesting a biophysiological basis for its effectiveness.
The Yale Journal of Industrial Ecology explores how integrating complexity science can improve sustainability studies. Researchers apply complexity science to various topics, including urban systems, energy efficiency, and eco-industrial parks.
A new study published in Marketing Science finds that firms creating their own brand-specific online communities experience significant revenue growth, with social engagement being a key driver. The study reveals that enabling customer social interactions can generate substantial direct revenue benefits to the firm.
Exposure to metal oxide nanoparticles can change microbial metabolism and gut environment, impacting overall health. Researchers found specific changes in microbial community and gut microenvironment after nanoparticle exposure.
Research in The FASEB Journal found that neonicotinoid pesticides alter bee brains, disrupting learning, food gathering, and reproductive abilities. Exposure to low levels of these pesticides can cause significant harm to bees, leading to smaller colonies and poor nest conditions.
Researchers found that measuring time in days instead of years can make future events feel closer and prompt people to start planning earlier. Participants planned to save four times sooner when considering time in days compared to years, even after accounting for age, income, and education.
Researchers found that situational ambiguity enables people to cheat and justify their actions more easily. In experiments, participants were more likely to report incorrect values when the correct answer was not clear, indicating a self-serving bias.
The Acoustical Society of America has published a free online booklet to aid architects in understanding and meeting the national classroom acoustics standard, ANSI/ASA S12.60. The booklet provides practical guidance on topics such as room acoustics, reverberation time, and sound transmission class, to help architects create classrooms...
Researchers found high levels of certain flame retardants in cats with hyperthyroidism, hinting at a possible link between the compounds and the hormonal disorder. The study suggests that exposure to these substances through dust accumulation on fur could be contributing factor for this condition.
New research finds that teachers' perceptions of student behavior are influenced by race, with black students being labeled as 'troublemakers' more often than white students. This can lead to harsher discipline and perpetuate racial disparities in school discipline.
A comprehensive literature review shows lower rates of breastfeeding initiation and continuation among minority women compared to White women. Ob/gyns can use data to support breastfeeding in clinical practices and public policy, helping to overcome cultural and social factors that affect minority women's decisions.
A traditional herb-derived remedy has been combined with two plants to create an antimalarial tea, which has been licensed and sold as a treatment for malaria in West Africa. The medication, derived from Cochlospermum planchonii, Phyllanthus amarus, and Cassia alata, was traditionally used to alleviate malarial symptoms.
The Midwest Political Science Association (MPSA) will recognize and reward outstanding research projects presented at its annual conference. This year, fourteen papers have been selected for prestigious awards across various categories, including the AJPS Best Article Award and the Kellogg/Notre Dame Award.
Research identifies company characteristics, partner selection, and consumer uncertainty as crucial elements in platform adoption. The study suggests partnering with reputable firms can foster technology adoption.
A study by Ryan Boyd and James Pennebaker uses psychological theory to analyze Shakespeare's plays, revealing a unique psychological profile that strongly identifies him as the author of Double Falsehood. The analysis also sheds light on Theobald's character, contradicting previous accounts.
A study by biologists and public health experts finds that nature exposure is linked to improved human health, but the optimal dose of nature is unclear. The researchers propose a new approach to studying nature exposure through dose-response modeling, which could help develop recommendations for enhancing human health in urban areas.
A study by Daniel C. Feiler and Adam M. Kleinbaum found a 'network extraversion bias' in the emerging social networks of MBA students, where extraverts are over-represented. The effect is more pronounced in the networks of socially outgoing people, suggesting that introverts may be better socially calibrated.
A new review published in Future Microbiology highlights the current state of polio vaccines and future research efforts to ensure eradication. The virus can be prevented through vaccination, with live attenuated oral polio vaccine and inactivated polio vaccine being used to achieve eradication.
A review article published in Journal of Caffeine Research suggests that caffeine may be used to treat or prevent Alzheimer's disease by reducing beta amyloid plaque accumulation. The study identifies potential opportunities for using caffeine to slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
Male damselflies employ various strategies to decide whether to fight, including assessing wing pigmentation and choosing non-contact aerial display fights. Stronger males use aggressive tactics like chasing and biting to wear down weaker opponents.