Articles tagged with Scientific Journals
A new study published in Psychological Science found that people rate the last chocolate as more enjoyable and favorite, regardless of flavor. The 'last-is-best' bias is a real phenomenon that affects everyday life, making judgments fairer by being aware of it.
Researchers found that the brain decodes left or right hand without mental gymnastics, using processes called binding to bind seen and felt hands. The study's results have implications for understanding experiences of amputees and sensory processing.
Researchers found that autoreactive T cells from patients with multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes bound their targets more weakly than helpful T cells. These autoaggressive T cells may slip through safety screens by failing to notice their targets, suggesting a new mechanism for autoimmune disease progression.
A new scientific report concludes that online dating offers some benefits but falls short of its potential. The authors suggest that existing matching algorithms neglect crucial factors in predicting long-term relationship well-being, leading to limited effectiveness.
A study published in Perspectives on Psychological Science suggests that silence about memories can lead to selective forgetting, where certain memories are more easily forgotten than others. For example, if someone discusses a happy memory but not an unhappy one, they may have trouble recalling the unmentioned sad memory.
Invasive crane fly species threaten northeast US sod industry quality and shipment safety. Recommended IPM strategies include monitoring, cultural management, and chemical control to prevent infestations.
The Japan Radiation Research Society and Japanese Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology will partner with Oxford University Press to publish the Journal of Radiation Research in full open access. The journal will adopt OUP's publishing model with discounted author charges sponsored by JRRS and JASTRO.
A new assessment by Robert H. Condon and colleagues challenges the idea that jellyfish are dominating the seas, citing a lack of scientific evidence supporting this claim. The researchers suggest that recent blooms and increased media attention have fueled the perception of an increase in jellyfish populations.
A new study found that people with low self-esteem tend to post more negative updates on Facebook, which may actually decrease their online popularity. In contrast, those with high self-esteem receive more responses when posting negative items.
A new antibody, OPN-305, has been discovered that blocks inflammation leading to transplant rejection in mice, suggesting its potential to improve survival outcomes for kidney and other organ transplants. The compound works by binding to toll-like receptors on transplant tissue and turning off signals that provoke inflammation.
A new study challenges the common notion that the amygdala is solely responsible for fear responses. Research suggests the amygdala processes events related to a person's current concerns, not just fear. This discovery has significant implications for our understanding of emotions and brain function.
A study of 1,074 participants across 16 studies found that people are worse at predicting their own emotions in absolute terms but better when compared to others. This relative accuracy might be useful in real-life situations, such as anticipating how clients will react to bad news
A new study published in Perspectives on Psychological Science explores the use of pupilometry, a technique measuring pupil diameter, to gain insights into human behavior. By analyzing changes in pupil size, researchers can identify what people are paying attention to, shedding light on brain function and cognitive processes.
Cell Press introduces Cell Reports, a new open-access journal publishing cutting-edge science on topics from evolutionary biology to immunology. The journal offers concise, provocative stories and rapid publication to facilitate access to research.
A new study published in Psychological Science found that eye contact from a stranger can have a significant impact on social connection. Researchers discovered that even brief moments of gaze can reduce feelings of disconnection, making people feel more part of the group.
A recent study published in Psychological Science found that German conscripts exhibit reduced agreeableness after military service, while those who chose civilian service showed no significant changes. The study suggests that the military may shape personality traits, particularly among non-combatant soldiers.
A new study published in Psychological Science found that individuals who feel powerful tend to overestimate their own height. This means that those with more power perceive themselves as taller than their actual physical stature. Conversely, people with less power may see others and objects as larger compared to them.
Research by Michael Goldberg and Phillip Sharp found that selectively inhibiting PKM2 can kill cancer cells by depleting energy sources. This approach has shown promise in regressing established tumors in mice, suggesting a potential strategy against various cancers.
Researchers found that acting out metaphors about creative thinking improved performance on tests of creativity and originality. This suggests that physical representations of thought can enhance creative thinking by breaking down mental barriers.
A new article published in Perspectives on Psychological Science reveals that Norman Triplett's 1889 experiment was incorrect, with children reeling a reel rather than reeling in a fishing line. The study also shows that Triplett was not the first psychologist to investigate social influence.
A new study published in Psychological Science reveals that people's internal mental maps are oriented towards the north, improving accuracy in spatial tasks. The study found that participants performed best when facing north and drew differently oriented maps, but only used their memorized map as a reliable source of spatial information.
Researchers found that people only feel the urge to mimic each other when they have the same goal, contradicting the idea that we are naturally inclined to copy others. In an experiment, participants synchronized their movements with an experimenter's choices in a card game when they shared a common goal
A new study in Psychological Science finds that asset and debt levels change perceptions of wealth beyond net worth, with people in debt perceiving themselves wealthier when assets outweigh debt. Participants were asked which person or household was financially better off, and whether they'd borrow to buy something they couldn't pay for.
Understanding quantum jamming physics is essential for miniaturizing electronics, as it affects device properties and wire connections. Researchers have made progress in one-dimensional quantum many-particle physics, revealing new collective phenomena that emerge when matter is confined to narrow channels.
A study by Eric Hehman and colleagues found that group status influences integration preferences. When blacks were the dominant group, they preferred assimilation, while whites did not support pluralism as much. The researchers suggest understanding these feelings to coexist in diverse nations.
Older people tend to be happier due to focusing on positive events and emotions, but direct links between these strategies and mood changes are lacking. More research is needed to clarify the relationship between cognitive processes and happiness in older adults.
A new radar system uses ultra-wideband radio waves to quickly identify objects on train tracks, including luggage items and people who may have fallen. The system has been successfully tested in simulations and real-life experiments, showing its potential to prevent serious accidents and reduce delays.
A new study published in PLoS ONE found significant personality differences between men and women, contrary to previous underestimation. The researchers analyzed data from over 10,000 participants using a comprehensive personality test, revealing large discrepancies in traits such as warmth, sensitivity, and perfectionism.
The US military is using acupuncture to help wounded warriors with pain, PTSD, and mild traumatic brain injury. A special issue of Medical Acupuncture explores the potential uses of acupuncture in the military and current research activities.
A global study on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) reveals increasing incidence and prevalence worldwide, particularly in developing countries. The study found that IBD affects individuals in their most productive years of life, resulting in significant healthcare costs.
Research suggests that people's gut feelings are not entirely disregarded logic, but rather an intuitive sense of conflict. Wim De Neys' study found that brain activity indicates a 'sense of something fishy' when people make decisions, highlighting the importance of logical intuitions in decision-making.
A study of 3.8 million rave attendees in the Netherlands found that nearly 28,000 people experienced substance-related problems, with 16 cases being life-threatening. Most problems were associated with ecstasy or alcohol, while GHB usage required medical attention but showed no acute life-threatening effects.
Researchers argue that short papers based on one study or small sample are prone to false positives and may not accurately represent scientific value. The trend towards 'bite-size' science poses risks to the integrity of psychological research.
Champagne undergoes a second fermentation to trap carbon dioxide, forming bubbles that carry hundreds of chemical compounds. Pouring champagne on an angle retains more carbon dioxide, releasing more flavor compounds.
The study suggests that facial expressions evolved as a physiological response to threats, but also took on social roles in human evolution. The authors propose the concept of 'exaptation' and 'ritualization,' where original functions changed over time to become social signals.
Researchers found that treating crickets with epinastine abolished the winner effect, suggesting a link between adrenaline-like systems and increased aggression. The aggression levels returned to normal within 20 minutes post-fight.
Research suggests that prejudice arises from a fundamental psychological need to make quick judgments and reduce ambiguity, often leading to stereotyping and generalizations. This way of thinking is linked to people's desire to categorize the world and rely on social norms.
A new study by University of Florida psychologists Jennifer L. Howell and James A. Shepperd found that self-affirmation can break down resistance to medical screening by refocusing attention from a threat to overall wellbeing, resulting in increased willingness to undergo screenings and treatment.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that participants who listened to more hip-hop artists had better knowledge of non-mainstream words and phrases used in the genre. Additionally, knowing the artists used in songs enhanced vocabulary understanding. These findings suggest a novel aspect of language learning among adolescents.
Research suggests that small amounts of trauma can help individuals develop resilience, contrary to the common notion that traumatic experiences are always detrimental. People who have experienced some negative life events tend to have better outcomes than those with no adverse experiences or those with excessive adversity.
A roundtable discussion published in Journal of Caffeine Research explores whether caffeine enhances athletic performance, with experts noting mixed study data and various factors affecting its impact. The journal also covers a wide range of effects on human health, including mood disorders and cardiovascular disease.
Researchers used functional MRI to assess cerebral activity in doctors while they diagnosed lesions. The results showed that the brain areas active during this task were strikingly similar to those activated while naming line drawings of animals.
A new study reveals that humans have released 385,000 tons of mercury into the environment over the past 5,000 years, with emissions peaking in the late 1800s and rising again due to increased coal use. The research challenges the notion of declining mercury emissions.
A new study found that men who are more attractive tend to overestimate women's interest in casual sex, while women underestimate men's desire. This misperception may have evolved as a strategy for increased reproductive success.
Contrary to common belief, facial expressions may not be automatic indicators of emotions. Researcher Lisa Feldman Barrett argues that expressions are not biologically basic and cannot be recognized universally. This challenges the traditional view that certain emotional expressions evolved for specific functions.
A new article explores how people justify and defend corrupt systems, citing factors such as system threat, dependence, inescapability, and low personal control. The research sheds light on the conditions that make people resistant to change and open to acknowledging its necessity.
A new study published in Addiction journal found that alcohol consumption directly impacts a person's intention to have unsafe sex. The study analyzed 12 experiments and found a significant increase in the likelihood of unprotected sex with rising blood alcohol levels.
A study found that half of tumors from T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients expressed genes normally found in stem cells and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) tumors. Additionally, many of these AML-like T-ALL tumors contained specific mutations associated with cancer progression.
New research published in The FASEB Journal found that EPO increases blood pressure by constricting arteries, reducing blood flow to the brain. This contradicts earlier evidence suggesting EPO may be a viable early treatment for stroke victims.
A new study published in Psychological Science suggests that national pride is linked to greater personal well-being, but only for those who prioritize civic nationalism over ethnic identity. The research found that civic nationalists were on average happier than both ethnic and low-civic nationalists, challenging popular theories abou...
A new study published in Current Directions in Psychological Science warns that evolutionary tradeoffs limit human cognitive abilities. Research suggests that increasing intelligence comes with problems, such as increased disease risk, and there may be an upper limit to how smart humans can get.
Although breastfeeding initiation has improved to 75% globally, the duration remains a concern. A series of articles in Breastfeeding Medicine proposes various approaches to encourage longer duration, including community-based public health programs and prenatal education.
Researchers found that tracking eye movements can reveal discrepancies in eyewitness reports. Participants spent more time looking at remembered faces and had disproportionate viewing of these faces before making a response. The study's findings could lead to improved eyewitness testimony accuracy and new insights into memory and decis...
A study by Adam Waytz and Liane Young found that people judge groups as having a collective mind, while attributing individual minds to their members. This 'trade off' affects judgments of responsibility, blame, and moral judgment. The research explores the consequences of this attribution for both groups and individuals.
A new study by Beijing Normal University cognitive psychologist Jia Liu and colleagues found that holistic processing is critical to face recognition. Individuals who perform well in tasks measuring holistic processing, such as the composite-face effect and whole-part effect, also excel at recognizing faces.
A new study published in Psychological Science found that people with poor credit scores are more impatient and prefer shorter-term gains over longer-term benefits. This impulsivity can lead to strategic defaulting on loans, as individuals weigh the costs of delayed gratification against short-term benefits.
Researchers discovered evidence of visual ambiguity and rivalry in an unrecognized reference frame, challenging the understanding of how our brains process visual information. The study found that object-frame rivalry is a competing process to spatial rivalry, with similar brain regions and processes involved.
Erez Lieberman Aiden has developed a method for three-dimensional genome sequencing, creating the first genome-wide spatial map of the human genome. The study reveals that active and inactive genomic regions are separated inside the nucleus, suggesting an 'epigenetic mark' that regulates gene expression.
A new study published in Psychological Science found that vaccination and hand washing can reduce bias against stigmatized groups, including immigrants and the obese. The researchers conducted three experiments, which showed that people who felt secure through these measures exhibited less prejudice towards out-groups.
A new Norwegian study reveals that extending pub and bar closing hours by one hour leads to a 20% increase in violent cases on weekends. The findings suggest that reducing trading hours also decreases violence by the same magnitude.