Articles tagged with Scientific Journals
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Research on online dating site HOTorNOT.com reveals that people tend to date those who match their level of physical attractiveness. More attractive individuals prioritize physical attraction in potential dates, while less attractive individuals place greater emphasis on other qualities.
Researchers found that cognitive disfluency can be caused by both psychological and physical distance, leading to more abstract perceptions of the city. The study used italicized fonts and game Balderdash to demonstrate this phenomenon.
Researchers found that over one-third of tropical soil samples can generate severe limitations for landmine detection using metal detectors. The study provides a classification scheme for predicting detector performance and highlights the importance of considering soil development in de-mining missions.
The Journal of the Korean Statistical Society will be published by Elsevier starting from 2008, with an international editorial board and increased availability on ScienceDirect. The journal publishes original research articles on statistics and probability theory, as well as innovative applications and current topics.
A study published in Gastroenterology found that smoking significantly increases the risk of developing colorectal polyps, with a two-fold increased risk for current smokers. The findings suggest that approximately 20-25% of colorectal polyps may be attributed to tobacco use.
A study found that eating apples, bananas, and oranges can protect against neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. The fruits' phenolic phytochemicals prevented neurotoxicity in neuron cells.
The AAAS and EurekAlert have launched a fellowship program for Arab science writers, facilitating knowledge and cultural exchanges between the Western and Middle Eastern science communities. The program aims to promote international scientific dialogue and advance the communication of science news to global audiences.
A new computer-based tool, eTBLAST, compares multiple documents in a database for similarities, helping to detect duplicate or plagiarized publications. The tool has been shown to identify potential plagiarism cases in over 7,000 papers, and may also aid in detecting duplicated publications.
Researchers found no significant increase in narcissism among college students from 1996 to 2007 compared to previous generations. High school seniors also showed no prominent increase on a related measure of self-enhancement. The study challenges previous reports suggesting a rise in narcissism among Gen Z.
Researchers discovered that midkine can protect liver cells from damage caused by cadmium exposure, promoting hepatocyte proliferation and preventing apoptosis. This finding suggests a potential therapeutic application for midkine in treating cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity.
A leading international team of marine scientists has warned that it is too early to sell carbon offsets from ocean iron fertilization. The researchers emphasize the need for larger-scale experiments to assess the efficiency and potential side effects of this method, which could have unintended ecological impacts.
A recent study found that college students could accurately distinguish between successful and unsuccessful CEOs based on their facial features, which were rated for competence, dominance, likeability, maturity, and trustworthiness. The study suggests that first impressions can be a reliable indicator of leadership abilities.
The AAAS analysis reveals that Congress inserted nearly $4.5 billion in federal research and development earmarks in spending bills for fiscal year 2008. The earmarks totaled 2,526 projects, with $939 million allocated to non-defense projects and $3.5 billion to Defense Department projects.
The SCImago Journal & Country Rank (SJR) tool provides an open-access alternative to Thomson Scientific products, offering country and journal rankings based on Scopus database contents. Researchers can filter data by large knowledge areas, thematic categories, countries/journals, and years.
The journal has added several Asian researchers to its Editorial Board, including Professor Huan-Yao Lei as the first Asian Editor. An Asian office will open at NCKU Medical Center in Taiwan, increasing visibility of EBM and SEBM throughout Asia Pacific scientific communities.
The Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering aims to cover the fields of natural gas exploration, production, processing and transmission. The journal will provide a niche in the economy, technology and integration of disparate disciplines.
A recent study by Sanjeev Dewan, Charles Shi, and Vijay Gurbaxani found that information technology (IT) investments are substantially riskier than ordinary capital investments. This increased risk is associated with a substantial risk premium, driven in part by the lost option value of making irreversible capital investment decisions.
A study published in Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology found that topical application of niacin, engineered peptides, retinoids, and photoprotective ingredients can visibly improve maturing skin. Combining these ingredients in a moisturizer magnifies benefits.
Research published in Journal of Correctional Health Care explores the history and future of correctional health care in America's prisons and jails. Inmates often experience inadequate access to quality care, leading to poor health outcomes, and follow-up care after release is also a concern.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and Al Gore were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007 for their work on man-made climate change. The IPCC's scientific reports have created an informed consensus about human activities' impact on global warming.
A Brazilian study found that a 7 percent caffeine solution cream reduced thigh circumference by over 80% and hip measurements by nearly 68%. However, the effect on cellulite was less clear, with imaging showing little change. The researchers speculate that the trial may not have been long enough for the cream to act on cellulite.
The Hinode space mission has made groundbreaking discoveries about the Sun's surface and atmosphere, shedding light on long-standing mysteries. Researchers found evidence of Alfvén waves, which could heat the corona to extreme temperatures and accelerate the solar wind.
A comprehensive study finds that climate change could lead to significant shifts in North American tree ranges, with potential decreases of up to 58% if species cannot disperse. The research used an extensive data-gathering effort and simulated two climate change scenarios.
A graduate student at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute has made important findings on deep Earth interactions, suggesting a new mechanism for metal movement between the core and mantle. The research could have broad implications for geology and potentially lead to valuable deposits of gold and platinum.
Scientists investigate Hanford's vadose zone to understand contaminant migration and develop remediation solutions. They find complex pathways for nuclear waste travel, affecting composition and speed, impacting the environment and people downstream.
A study published in World Journal of Gastroenterology found that age, burden, divorce, and heavy tea consumption are significant risk factors for erosive esophagitis. Additionally, routine consumption of greasy food and constipation were identified as risk factors for non-erosive reflux disease.
Researchers found that plasma treatment can convert carbon nanotube surfaces from hydrophobic to hydrophilic, allowing for instant wetting and contact angles of less than 10°. This breakthrough could pave the way for carbon nanotube incorporation into various applications.
SAGE and Hindawi will launch a suite of Gold Open Access journals, strengthening their portfolios in science, technology, and medicine. The partnership aims to widen access to important scholarly research.
The AAAS Science Journalism Awards recognize outstanding work in science reporting, including a series on ocean disturbances and stories on mysterious elk deaths. Winners include Jennifer Frazer and Kenneth Weiss for their coverage of these topics.
A new study combines data perturbation and query restriction to protect confidential information in statistical databases. The hybrid model provides accurate answers while maintaining online security.
Research on DNA structures and electronic properties aims to create ultra small computers. The study found that intrinsic guanine rich sequences of ?-DNA exhibited length-dependent conductivity, providing insights into electrical behavior and potential modification.
Research reveals MMP-1 and TNF-alpha play a central role in ulcerative colitis development, offering new therapeutic targeting proteins. Agents like Infliximab have shown promise in treating adult and child patients with ulcerative colitis.
A Chinese-Australian research team studied the whitefly Bemisia tabaci's invasive behavior, discovering that it breeds more when interacting with native populations and suppresses their reproduction rates. This asymmetrical mating interaction drives the widespread invasion and displacement of native species.
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that oxytocin increases generosity in humans, particularly when considering another person's feelings. The hormone has a dramatically larger effect on generosity compared to trust, with participants offering 80% more money when given oxytocin.
A new study by political scientists found that early voting measures have a negligible or negative impact on voter turnout. The study assessed three primary means of early voting and found that they result in a more accurate count, but do not increase turnout.
A case of a giant submucosal lipoma located in the descending colon is presented, highlighting key findings such as abdominal pain, bleeding per rectum, and change in bowel habits. The study suggests that colonic malignancy should not be ruled out in patients with significant symptoms.
A retrospective study on Infliximab treatment in IBD patients found it to be effective in inducing rapid clinical response and maintaining long-lasting remission. The study also showed a steroid-sparing effect, reducing the morbidity associated with long-term corticosteroid therapy.
A case report describes an 86-year-old woman who developed acute pancreatitis and cholangitis after her gastrostomy tube migrated into the duodenum. The malpositioned tube caused duodenal obstruction, leading to severe symptoms that improved upon repositioning the tube.
Michael Rosbash, a Brandeis University professor, has been elected as an AAAS Fellow for his distinguished contributions to understanding RNA splicing and circadian rhythms. This year, 471 members have been awarded the honor by AAAS due to their scientifically or socially distinguished efforts.
Neurobiologist Rachel Wilson has been awarded the 2007 International Grand Prize in Neurobiology for decoding a pattern of impulses from receptor neurons to identify an odor. Her research reveals complexities in how odors are processed by the brain, using genetic tools and measurements of neural activity in living flies.
A new potential therapeutic target for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma has been identified through a study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology. Survivin protein expression was found to be elevated in 64.7% of HCC specimens, suggesting its role as a marker for diagnosis and treatment.
The Council of Science Editors has organized a Global Theme Issue on Poverty and Human Development, with contributions from Mary Ann Liebert journals. Research papers discuss HIV/AIDS treatment, breastfeeding as a solution to poverty, and the social responsibility of naturopathic physicians in addressing human development.
A study found that administering a lidocaine lollipop reduced the need for sedation in the majority of patients undergoing upper endoscopy, improving patient comfort and reducing potential side effects. The lollipop proved safe and well-tolerated, making it a promising alternative to conventional lidocaine sprays.
Researchers have successfully used RNA interference (RNAi) technology to specifically silence the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene, a key player in tumor angiogenesis. This method shows great promise for developing targeted therapeutic approaches to inhibit VEGF expression and potentially suppress cancer growth.
The study found that transcutaneous cervical esophageal ultrasound (TCEUS) is not a substitute for 24-hour pH monitoring or manometry in diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and esophageal motor disorders. TCEUS can aid in estimating GER and motility disorders, but it cannot replace these established diagnostic methods.
A new study by Sudip Bhattacharjee and Ram D. Gopal reveals that file sharing has a devastating impact on lower ranked Billboard albums, reducing their survival time on the chart by 42%. Top debuting albums, however, remain relatively unaffected.
The 2007 International Science and Engineering Visualization Challenge has selected its top winning entries, featuring visually striking images that showcase the beauty of science. The contest, sponsored by AAAS and NSF, honors artists who use visual media to promote scientific research.
A recent study investigated how judges and jurors make collective decisions, revealing that simple voting procedures are often preferred over more nuanced approaches. The findings suggest that groups tend to favor quick decisions, even if they lead to inconsistent outcomes.
Researchers found that synesthetes' experience brighter colors when seeing or thinking of frequently used digits. This effect is not limited to synaesthetes, as non-synaesthetes also associate more luminous colors with common digits.
A recent study published in World Journal of Gastroenterology found a significant association between GERD and obesity in women, but not men. The researchers suggest that estrogen may play a role in this correlation.
The American Gastroenterological Association has established minimum standards for gastroenterologist performance of CT colonography, requiring at least 75 endoscopically confirmed cases to be interpreted. The guidelines emphasize the importance of training and quality control to ensure accurate screening for colorectal cancer.
A new study published in Management Insights reveals that online auctions where all bids are disclosed after the bidding round benefit buyers. The research finds that buyers pay higher prices when only winning bids are disclosed, leading to better outcomes for consumers.
The AAAS project aims to provide a science-based understanding of alcohol's effects on the body, focusing on key scientific concepts and recent advances in neuroscience. The initiative will offer students and teachers a comprehensive resource for teaching and learning about underage drinking.
The partnership aims to widen the journal's audience, reducing reviewing time and increasing access to online features, including a comprehensive search engine and e-mail alerts. The Tissue Viability Society will continue to receive print copies as a benefit of membership.
In two experiments, participants over-predicted regret and disappointment after unsuccessful negotiations and receiving grades. The study suggests discounting post-decisional emotions can improve decision-making.
A new study published in Psychological Science examined how an animal's rearing environment influences its navigational strategy. The researchers found that while the ability to use geometry for navigation is innate, the use of geometric cues depends on both genetic and environmental factors.
A new study published in Psychological Science examines how early exposure to geometric cues influences navigational strategy. The researchers found that fish raised in circular tanks with minimal angular information still used geometry to navigate, while those from rectangular tanks were more likely to rely on features when present.
Experts emphasize evidence-based approach to treating osteoarthritis, citing benefits of coxibs and NSAIDs despite gastrointestinal and cardiovascular risks. The OARSI international COX-2 workshop 2007 provided guidance on safe use of these agents.
The American Gastroenterological Association recommends gastroenterologists use evidence-based sedation protocols for endoscopic procedures to improve quality of practice and reduce adverse events. Proper training and experience are crucial for administering sedation safely.
Scientists from around the world present convergent views on the 'memory of water' concept, which suggests that water can display memory effects. Researchers found large-scale structural changes in liquid water, potentially accounting for claims of memory of water effects.