Articles tagged with Colleges
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at FAU will use unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) to conduct on-water bridge inspections, reducing costs and improving efficiency. The USV-based system will enable automated inspection of bridge pilings and supports, overcoming challenges such as fast-flowing tidal currents and difficult underwater conditions.
A new study suggests that higher education's impact on economic development is influenced by geography, available skills, and knowledge, as well as networks of local companies. The research highlights the importance of considering these contextual factors in policy-making to maximize the positive effects of investment in education.
A University of Texas at Arlington study reveals that sea stars have an immune response characterized by various types of immunities, including the first melanin gene ever recorded in a sea star. The team also found changes in genes related to collagen and nervous system function, which may contribute to the disease's effects.
A quality improvement initiative at Texas Children's Hospital has led to a significant reduction in median waitlist times for pediatric heart transplant patients. The hospital revised its protocols to expand donor heart size parameters and improve patient severity status, resulting in faster organ allocation.
A new scoring system developed by Thomas Jefferson University Hospital has been found to accurately predict the risk of ventilator dependence after major operations. The tool uses ACS NSQIP data to identify patients at risk, with those scoring above 3 comprising 20% of patients who experienced 70% of adverse events.
A new study at Northwestern Memorial Hospital reduces UTI rates by decreasing catheter utilization and implementing process improvement guidelines. The initiative targets catheter-related UTIs in the operating room, aiming to change clinical culture among surgeons and healthcare teams.
Two studies show ACS NSQIP provides more accurate data than administrative data to drive surgical quality improvement in hospitals. The program identified 60% of hospital readmissions as potentially preventable, and demonstrated higher c-statistic values for complications and mortality models.
A new study from King's College London found that many of the same genes affect GCSE results in a range of subjects, including English, mathematics, science, and humanities. The research suggests that genetic factors explain over half of the differences between children's educational achievement across all disciplines.
A new University of Virginia study confirms that Americans' conscious and unconscious biases against lesbian women and gay men are decreasing across all demographic groups. The study found that implicit bias decreased by 13% over seven years, while explicit bias decreased twice as much.
A doctor argues that long sleeved white coats spread infection and lead to avoidable harm and cost to patients. He advocates for banning doctors and medical students from wearing white coats to reduce hospital acquired infections in India.
A six-year longitudinal study found that adolescents are most likely to enjoy successful long-term friendships with those who share similar traits. The strongest predictors of friendship dissolution were differences in sex, physical aggression, and being liked by other children.
Saint Louis University research finds that a woman's weight during her first pregnancy can affect complications in her second baby. Women who were underweight or obese during their first pregnancy had increased risks of early birth, low birth weight, and other complications.
A study of college-aged women found that those with stronger emotional connections to Facebook are less likely to struggle with risky dieting behaviors. However, if they compare their bodies to friends' online pictures, it's the opposite: more concern about body size and shape, and more risk of dieting behaviors.
A University of Minnesota study identifies a single gene responsible for the difference in psychoactive content between hemp and marijuana. The discovery could strengthen hemp producers' arguments that their products should not be subject to the same narcotics laws as hemp's cannabinoid cousin.
A University of Florida study found that encountering rude behavior at work makes people more likely to perceive rudeness in later interactions, leading to a vicious cycle. The study's findings provide evidence that everyday impoliteness spreads in the workplace, having a powerful negative effect on performance.
Dilbit spills can harm fish populations with deformities and genetic stress, reducing survival rates by impairing feeding and predator avoidance. The study provides a technical basis for decisions on dilbit transportation in Canada.
A new study outlines 10 low-cost interventions that can increase safety on psychiatric wards, reducing aggression and self-harm by 15% and coercive control by 24%. The Safewards Model uses small, low-cost interventions aimed at improving staff skills and relationships with patients, resulting in a more peaceful environment.
Scientists have discovered a new variant of Group A streptococcus that produces more toxin and has lost its outer capsule, leading to increased severity of infections. The new variant is spreading globally, with reports from Japan, Canada, France, and Sweden, raising concerns about periodic upsurges in disease cases.
A UGA study found that salmonella levels in freshwater sources across Georgia pose a significant risk to human health. The research team discovered that strains of salmonella exhibit geographic trends, with higher rates found in south Georgia and wildlife carriers like raccoons and opossums contributing to the problem.
Scientists calculate that human activities have reduced the planet's biomass by almost half since 2,000 years ago, putting the world at risk of collapse. If left unchecked, deforestation and agriculture could deplete energy reserves, leading to devastating consequences for human survival.
A new NCI-funded study will investigate the impact of a meditation-based stress reduction program on cognitive impairment in breast cancer survivors. Researchers will assess the intervention's effects on objective and subjective cognitive functioning among 300 participants.
Researchers identified 10 communication patterns that support intimacy in couples affected by Alzheimer's disease, including 'news of the day,' 'sharing memories,' and 'delighting in the unexpected.' These patterns help caregivers and spouses maintain a caring relationship despite progressive decline.
A study at Tufts University trained medical residents to reflect on their interactions with patients, revealing three key themes: interdependence of physician-patient communication, subtleties of patient behavior, and images of growth and awareness. These reflections improved physicians' ability to respond empathetically to patients.
Researchers at the University of Arizona College of Pharmacy have discovered a link between nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and drug metabolism. NASH, an increasingly common but often undiagnosed liver disease, can cause toxic levels of certain medications to be retained in the body.
A new study by researchers from King's College London found that antidepressants were prescribed more often and used more regularly in countries with higher levels of healthcare spending. Attitudes towards mental illness, such as viewing people with a mental illness as 'dangerous', were also associated with higher use of antidepressants.
A new study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that the 2011 duty hour reform did not decrease serious postoperative complications in surgical patients. The researchers evaluated outcomes in five surgical specialties, including neurosurgery, obstetrics/gynecology, and vascular surgery, and found no signi...
A new study estimates the number of deaths that can be linked to differences in education levels, suggesting that lacking education may be as deadly as being a current rather than former smoker. The findings also highlight the importance of education in reducing mortality rates and improving survival patterns.
Research in Japan reveals worsening cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension and high cholesterol, despite global declines in the US. Improved data collection and clinical trials are crucial to developing new treatments and improving patient outcomes worldwide.
Researchers have discovered a stress pathway in immune cells that play a role in certain forms of asthma. The IRE1α/XBP1 pathway helps eosinophils, a type of immune cell implicated in asthma, develop and survive. This finding suggests a potential new therapeutic target for treating asthma.
A new study by CCNY physicists suggests that smaller influencers can maximize the spread of information in social networks. The Collective Influence algorithm, proposed by Morone and Makse, beats competing methods in large-scale networks like Twitter and Facebook.
The Rosetta spacecraft has captured unprecedented imagery of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gersimenko, revealing large, circular sinkholes formed by surface collapse. The study suggests that these pits are a result of ices beneath the surface sublimating, causing the ceiling to collapse and exposing younger, relatively young ice chunks.
The likelihood of food shortages looms due to rising fossil-fuel energy costs and transportation infrastructure breakdowns. Researchers warn that new sustainable technologies are needed to preserve, store, and transport food products effectively, as the capacity of microorganisms grows exponentially with temperature increases.
A new study using Social Security Administration's personal income tax data confirms the value of college education by measuring individual lifetime earnings over 20 years. The study estimates significant long-term economic benefits of college education, with men earning an average of $840,000 more over 50 years than high school gradua...
Earl L. Smith III, OD, was inducted into the National Optometry Hall of Fame for his long-lasting impact on the optometric profession through his academic and administrative work at UH College of Optometry. He has made significant contributions to vision science research and education.
Poor sleep quality predicts increased severity and frequency of depression and mania in women with bipolar disorder. For men, baseline depression score and neuroticism are stronger predictors of mood outcome. Improving sleep quality could help patients avoid mood episodes and improve quality of life.
A new study at FAU will examine the impact of an injectable long-acting antipsychotic medication on patients with severe schizophrenia, aiming to reduce relapse and re-hospitalization. The two-year research aims to investigate treatment adherence and its effect on 30-day hospital readmission rates.
Research finds women's faces increase in redness during ovulation, but levels are undetectable to the naked eye, challenging the idea that facial redness signals fertility; studies suggest other voluntary signals like make-up may have replaced involuntary ones
Researchers at Imperial College London have identified a new genetic defect that causes severe obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans. The defect is associated with an impaired protein called carboxypeptidase-E, which regulates appetite, insulin, and reproductive hormones.
Researchers found stink bugs track ripening fruit to maximize food access, suggesting limiting fruit availability in spring and fall could be an effective strategy for controlling stink bug populations. The study provides critical intelligence in the battle against these pests and their annual destruction.
A new scoring system called Trauma Surge Index (TSI) can identify periods of high activity and increased trauma patient deaths in hospital emergency rooms. The TSI ranks surge activity on a scale from 0 to 8 and is unique for each hospital, accounting for severity of injuries and time of admission.
A new study by Florida Tech researchers has improved our understanding of sprites, which are fireworks-like electrical discharges in the upper atmosphere. The research found that specific atmospheric conditions can lead to exuberant and luminous sprite displays above thunderstorms.
The American College of Cardiology has released recommendations for the implantation of left atrial appendage occlusion devices, which may lower the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. The new guidelines emphasize team-based care and the need for robust clinical data on outcomes for patients treated with these devices.
Zdzislaw Musielak, a UT Arlington physics professor, has won the Humboldt Research Award for his exploration of extra-solar planetary systems, dark matter, and dark energy. The award provides him with the opportunity to work on research projects in Germany, furthering his cutting-edge achievements.
Researchers at City College of New York have developed an eco-friendly biodegradable agent derived from the plant-based small molecule phytol, which can replace chemical herders currently in use. The new substance has been shown to contract and thicken oil slicks, making them easier to collect or burn.
A study by Penn State researchers found no significant differences in in-hospital mortality rates, lengths of stay, and readmission rates after implementing an overnight academic hospitalist program. The researchers evaluated over 6,000 patient admissions between 2011 and 2014.
A study found that household contacts of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) patients were 44% less likely to contract tuberculosis than those of drug-susceptible cases. The researchers suggest this may be due to a lower relative fitness of MDRTB strains.
The remnants of Tropical Depression Bill brought heavy rainfall to a large part of the US, from Texas to Washington D.C. before moving into the Atlantic Ocean. Rainfall totals varied by city, with some areas receiving over 4 inches of rain.
Researchers followed 2,479 young adults for 25 years and found that those with elevated but normal-range blood pressure were more likely to experience cardiac dysfunction. Young adults can reduce the risk by managing high blood pressure through diet, exercise, and medication.
Research conducted by King's College London found a 50% increase in females reaching age 100 between 1990 and 2013, with women four times more likely to reach this milestone than men. Centenarian men, on the other hand, tend to be healthier, experiencing fewer chronic illnesses and disabilities compared to their female counterparts.
The REDIchip can detect drugs in urinalyses, provide earlier detection of emerging health problems, enhance medical imaging, improve tumor margin determinations, and identify endocrine disruptors in the environment.
Pranesh Aswath, a renowned materials scientist at the University of Texas at Arlington, has been recognized as a Fellow by ASM International for his groundbreaking research in ceramics. His work on functional ceramic films and biological applications has resulted in over 150 publications and numerous patents.
Scientists at ITMO University and Trinity College Dublin discovered that ordinary nanocrystals possess intrinsic chirality, producing a half-and-half mixture of mirror images. This finding has potential applications in targeted drug delivery, medical diagnostics, and nanotoxicology.
Researchers found that American employees who experienced a sudden boost in status due to a language mandate felt mixed emotions, including happiness and fear. They knew their status was not tied to their performance or achievement, leading to feelings of instability and lack of control. This study highlights the complex nature of stat...
Researchers at Florida Atlantic University have discovered that fruit flies can withstand three days of drowning by putting themselves into a reversible coma. The study found that older flies survive poorly compared to younger flies in response to this drowning stress and low oxygen.
Researchers at the University of Arizona College of Pharmacy have discovered a potent inhibitor of colorectal cancer in mice by adding cinnamaldehyde to their diet. This compound, found in cinnamon, allows animals' cells to protect themselves against carcinogens through detoxification and repair.
Research at the University of Surrey found that students' unions often lack independence to develop anti-consumerist agendas due to financial ties. Despite efforts to promote alternative approaches, student unions have been unable to effectively resist consumerism.
A University of Texas at Arlington researcher is examining when and why employees hide critical information on the job, a phenomenon known as knowledge hoarding. The three-year study will evaluate its effects on work teams' performance and identify optimal ways to distribute knowledge.
The Pew Charitable Trusts has named 10 postdoctoral scientists from Latin America to pursue research in the US with distinguished mentors. The fellows will focus on improving human health through bold approaches to biomedical research.
A new study suggests that college students who binge drink experience more delayed sleep timing and variable sleep schedules. The research found that heavier drinkers had later bedtimes and rise times, with greater day-to-day variability in sleep length.
Ovarian cancer suppresses immune cells' ability to respond to tumor cells by activating a gene called XBP1. A novel therapy approach aims to restore dendritic cell function and trigger robust immune responses against ovarian tumors.