Articles tagged with Colleges
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Maura Borrego, a Virginia Tech assistant professor of engineering education, has received the Rising Star Award from SCHEV and Dominion. Her research focuses on interdisciplinary approaches to solving complex technological challenges, while her teaching methods emphasize active learning techniques and student-centered discussion.
The viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) has been detected in fish from Lake Superior, Paradise, and Skanee in Michigan, and St. Louis Bay and Superior Bay in Wisconsin. The presence of the virus in all Great Lakes poses a significant threat to New York's $1.4 billion annual sport-fishing industry.
A University of Colorado at Boulder undergraduate-designed communications satellite, Hermes, has been chosen to launch into orbit in November as part of NASA's Educational Launch of Nanosatellite initiative. The satellite will test a high data-rate communication system, improving capabilities for tiny satellites.
Romesh C. Batra, a Virginia Tech professor of engineering science and mechanics, has been awarded the Virginia Outstanding Faculty Award for his exceptional teaching and research efforts. He is renowned for his work on material failure and has received numerous awards, including the Alexander von Humboldt Award.
Researchers found that hospital volume accounts for as much as 79% of observed differences in hospital quality, making high-volume hospitals a better choice for patients. Despite being marketed as superior, top-rated hospitals do not consistently deliver better outcomes than lower-rated but higher-volume facilities.
A new study finds that machine perfusion preserves donor livers as well as cold storage, reducing hospital stays and long-term complications. This technique could expand the pool of available organs for transplantation.
Two new papers by University of Alaska Fairbanks researcher Judith Kleinfeld reveal high rates of suicide, conduct disorders, and emotional disturbance among boys, as well as lower grades and test scores. Schools are urged to address the unique challenges faced by both girls and boys.
The Comprehensive Center of Excellence in Disparities Research and Community Engagement (CEDREC) will engage in collaborative research and outreach programs aimed at addressing health disparities. CEDREC will focus on improving the health of medically underserved African-Americans in Central Harlem and the South Bronx, where one in thr...
A recent study published in Molecular Biology and Evolution found that sexually reproducing organisms accumulate fewer harmful DNA mutations than asexually reproducing ones. This suggests that sexual reproduction provides a protective advantage against genetic damage.
A team of scientists at Weill Cornell Medical College has developed a new approach to turn human embryonic and pluripotent stem cells into plentiful, functional endothelial cells, critical for blood vessel formation. This breakthrough technique boosts the efficiency of producing these cells by up to 40-fold.
A consortium of scientists, including top researchers from academic institutions and pharmaceutical companies, is developing new methods for drug discovery in depression and schizophrenia. The project aims to overcome bottlenecks such as lack of accurate animal models and symptom-based diagnostic categories.
A new study reveals that Caribbean-origin Hispanics have a higher prevalence of hypertension, while Mexicans are more susceptible to diabetes. The research highlights the importance of considering crucial distinctions among Hispanic ethnic subgroups to prevent adverse cardiovascular events.
Researchers have identified a human genetic alteration associated with anxiety-related behavior in both humans and mice, which can inform the development of new clinical strategies to treat anxiety disorders. The study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to reveal altered brain function in individuals with this abnormality.
The American College of Physicians has issued a position paper to guide ethical relationships among patients, physicians, and caregivers. The paper outlines four primary principles for physicians to consider when collaborating with patients and caregivers, including respect for patient dignity and effective communication.
A nationwide ban on affirmative action in college admissions would cause a 10% drop in black and Hispanic enrollment at the nation's most selective colleges and universities. Overall black and Hispanic representation in four-year institutions would decline by two percent, according to the study.
A large national study from Brandeis University found that intellectual activities undertaken regularly can make a difference in maintaining memory. Those with low education who engaged in reading, writing, attending lectures, doing word games or puzzles regularly had memory scores similar to people with more education
A study published in Cancer Cell reveals that epigenetic differences can distinguish patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) into subtypes with varying responsiveness to therapy. A set of 15-gene DNA methylation biomarkers was found to be highly predictive of patient survival.
Researchers found that RA patients treated with rituximab are partially protected by the influenza vaccine, but its effectiveness is drastically reduced in the first 6 months following treatment. The study's results suggest that RA activity was not influenced by the flu vaccine administration.
Researchers found that RA patients treated with rituximab in combination with methotrexate had the same immune response to the tetanus vaccine as those treated with methotrexate alone. However, patients on rituximab had a reduced response to the pneumonia vaccine compared to those on methotrexate alone.
A new UK study has found no evidence of the XMRV virus in patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), contradicting previous findings that suggested a link. The research suggests that CFS treatment using anti-retroviral drugs may not be effective.
Researchers from Imperial College London and UCL found evidence of ancient lakes on Mars using NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter images. The study suggests that Mars had warm and wet periods approximately 3 billion years ago, potentially creating habitats suitable for microbial life.
A new study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons shows that a volunteer program providing low-risk outpatient surgical procedures can deliver safe and effective health care to patients in need. The program met six quality-of-care guidelines, including safety, efficiency, and patient-centered care.
The National Science Foundation has awarded a $247,553 grant to Enrique Peacock-Lopez, supporting his project on chemical self-replication and regulatory mechanisms. The research will involve undergraduate students and upgrade local high school chemistry teaching to Advanced Placement Chemistry.
The project aims to develop interactive computer programs to visualize and analyze strain in rocks, improving undergraduate courses in structural geology. Students will gain hands-on experience in gathering and analyzing data, fostering a deeper understanding of the subject.
The Biophysical Society has announced the winners of its student travel award, recognizing outstanding students who presented research in membrane biology and related areas. The recipients will receive a travel grant and be recognized at a reception.
The Biophysical Society has announced the winners of its Minority Travel Awards for 2010, recognizing minority students who will attend the society's Annual Meeting in San Francisco. Over 6,000 biophysicists are expected to attend the event, where more than 4,000 scientific abstracts have been submitted.
A new study found that university students who use interactive animations in their studies retain a better understanding of scientific concepts than those who don't. The animations, which can be manipulated to adjust real-world variables, demonstrate complex physics phenomena such as precipitation formation.
A study of over 136,000 postmenopausal women found a 45% higher risk of stroke and a 32% higher risk of death among those taking antidepressants compared to non-users. The researchers note that while the overall risk is small, it can have significant implications for large patient populations.
A study found that retail environments organized in a way that caters to consumers' knowledge levels can increase product learning and satisfaction. Highly knowledgeable consumers prefer novel formats, while novice consumers benefit from familiar groupings.
Emerging research reveals that post-menopausal women experience adverse changes in lipid profiles around the time of their final menstrual period, independent of age. Conversely, quitting smoking before or after a heart attack significantly improves long-term survival rates, with reductions comparable to those from lifestyle changes an...
Boston College researchers successfully harvested elusive charges using ultra-thin solar cells, opening a potential avenue to improved solar power efficiency. The team developed a mechanism able to extract hot electrons in the moments before they cool, effectively opening an escape hatch for these highly energized particles.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that the ACS NSQIP is a powerful tool for assessing outcomes of uncommon, high-risk surgical procedures like pancreatic necrosectomy. Patients undergoing this procedure had better outcomes than predicted, with lower mortality rates and less postoperative morbidity.
Giovanni Ossola's NSF-funded project aims to improve the accuracy of LHC computations using his OPP Method. He plans to involve students in the experiment, promoting stronger ties between CERN and City Tech.
A study found that 59% of gifts were used less frequently than predicted by their recipients. Strangers and even informed observers tended to make more accurate predictions about how often gifts would be used, with only 10% overprediction rate among the latter group.
A new study at Virginia Tech suggests that parents with weaker working memory skills are less able to control their emotions in response to children's misbehavior. This can lead to chronic parental negativity, which may reinforce negative behavior in children.
North Carolina State University's College of Veterinary Medicine requires all students to receive disaster training, enabling them to respond to the needs of both people and animals in the wake of disasters. This comprehensive program equips veterinarians with advanced state and federal disaster certifications.
A groundbreaking study published in the journal Pain reveals that humans have a unique sensory system located in blood vessels and sweat glands, which can provide conscious tactile information. This discovery may contribute to understanding mysterious pain conditions such as migraine headaches and fibromyalgia.
Climate change is projected to exacerbate existing mental illness and increase overall burden of mental disorder worldwide. This is due to factors such as natural disasters, heat-related deaths, and mass migration, which disproportionately affect vulnerable populations.
A 30-year record low in Antarctic snowmelt was likely caused by strong positive phases for two main climate drivers, ENSO and SAM. The Antarctic snowmelt is expected to revert to higher norms as the damage to the ozone layer is repaired.
Researchers found that the parasitic protozoan Ich hosts two new species of intracellular bacteria: Bacteroides and Rickettsia. These bacteria are usually free-living, but in Ich, they represent a new symbiotic relationship.
A Queen's University study found that over 60% of first-year college enrollees do not come directly from secondary school, with many enrolling after working in the workforce. The study highlights factors contributing to low post-secondary enrollment rates, including financial concerns, career uncertainty, and poor academic performance.
A study of 15,000 elderly individuals in 11 low- and middle-income countries found dementia to be the largest contributor to disability, followed by stroke, limb impairment, and depression. Chronic diseases, including those of the brain and mind, pose significant challenges for carers and society.
Researchers have identified a novel gene, phosducin, that modulates high blood pressure in response to stress. The studies found that mice lacking the gene developed high blood pressure under stress, while certain DNA variants serve as markers for increased blood pressure risk in humans.
Computerized provider order entry/decision support systems offer an education-focused method of utilization management, tracking physician performance and comparing scores to peers. This approach has been shown to reduce imaging utilization by 2.75%, 1.2%, and 1.3% for CT, MRI, and ultrasound respectively.
The American College of Physicians has awarded the Ralph O. Claypoole Sr. Memorial Award to Dr. Melvin R. Kaplan, one of LA BioMed's founders and a renowned internist. Dr. Kaplan has dedicated his career to patient care for over 60 years.
A new compound, PU-H71, has been discovered that may prove to be a powerful target for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The compound was found to suppress tumor formation in lab testing and animal models.
NJIT researchers are awarded nearly $4.3 million in NSF funding to improve the Big Bear Solar Observatory and study various aspects of solar energy, including its impact on terrestrial telecommunications and power systems.
Researchers found that adding a genetic sonogram to non-invasive prenatal screening increases the detection rate of Down syndrome by up to 98%, while decreasing false positive rates. This maximizes the capacity for noninvasive detection with currently available technology.
Researchers analyzed DNA sequences from two inbred corn strains and discovered significant differences, including the presence of unique stretches of genetic material. This diversity is believed to be behind hybrid vigor, which can improve crop traits such as protein content or biomass production.
The Georgia Institute of Technology has launched an experimental Green IT Initiative to tackle high-performance computing's growing power consumption problem. The effort, led by Sudhakar Yalamanchili, aims to develop sustainable power consumption methods using a 1,000-node IBM BladeCenter system.
The National Science Foundation has awarded a nearly $1 million grant to support career advancement of women and underrepresented minority men in sciences and engineering. The program aims to foster environments conducive to recruiting, advancing, and retaining faculty in these fields.
A baby's sleep position is the best predictor of deformational plagiocephaly, a misshapen skull condition. The study analyzed over 20,000 children and found that boys are twice as likely to have flat-headedness than girls, as well as babies with low birth weight and certain prenatal conditions.
A NJIT engineer has discovered that particles disperse rapidly on liquid surfaces due to the oscillation of particles in a phenomenon known as repulsive hydrodynamic force. The smaller the particles, the faster they move, with nanometer-sized particles reaching speeds of up to 167 kilometers per hour.
A new study published in Journal of American College Health reveals that coed college housing increases the risk of binge drinking by 2.5 times compared to all-male or all-female housing. Over 500 students from various campuses participated, with 42% of coed housing residents reporting weekly binge drinking.
A study found that depression increases mortality risk similar to smoking, but anxiety reduces it when combined with depression. Researchers suggest that help-seeking behavior may explain this pattern, and highlight the need for more attention on physical health in people with mental disorders.
Researchers successfully delivered high-dose chemotherapy to malignant brain tumors via intra-arterial Avastin, potentially avoiding common side effects of systemic chemotherapy. The innovative technique has shown promising results in early trials and may offer a new treatment option for patients with resistant brain tumors.
The American College of Medical Informatics (ACMI) has inducted 11 new Fellows, including Riccardo Bellazzi and Andre Kushniruk, for their significant contributions to medical informatics. The ceremony honored Morris F. Collen, a pioneer in the field.
A new study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons shows that younger women with breast cancer can safely delay treatment for up to 71 days after undergoing fertility preservation. The study found no significant delay in cancer treatment when fertility preservation is coordinated in a timely fashion.
A five-year NIOSH grant will fund a study on the effects of roof falls, bumps, or explosions on underground mine ventilation systems. The project aims to develop a method for remote characterization of ventilation controls using multiple tracer gases.
New research reveals that African-American patients with colorectal cancer are more likely to be diagnosed with advanced disease and have a lower likelihood of undergoing surgical procedures compared to Caucasians. This disparity can be attributed to unequal access to care, leading to poorer survival rates.