Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study by sociologists at Rice University and the University of Pennsylvania found that divorced individuals are more than twice as likely to die from preventable causes such as fire, poisoning, and smoke inhalation. Single people and those with low educational attainment also face a higher risk of accidental death.
A global study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, Internal Medicine found that Mondays are when smokers are most likely to think about quitting. The research monitored Google search query logs from six languages and revealed a consistent pattern of quit smoking searches throughout the week.
Researchers at Simon Fraser University are using advanced Nano X-ray Computed Tomography tools to visualize hydrogen fuel cells, enabling the development of more durable and efficient fuel cells. The new technology is expected to play a key role in reducing harmful emissions in the transportation sector.
A new study suggests that melting Arctic sea ice causes a shift in the jet stream, leading to increased rain in northwest Europe during summers. The research also finds that Mediterranean regions will receive less rain, with potential effects on weather patterns as far as North America.
A study published in Neural Regeneration Research found that a nanofibrous PHBV conduit can repair long-segment sciatic nerve defects with similar functional recovery rates to autologous nerve grafting. The conduit's flexible and porous structure allows for optimal nutrient transport, making it suitable for long-term use.
Researchers have discovered that single neuronal dendrites can perform computations, producing specific electrical signals in response to visual stimulation. This finding challenges the long-held assumption that computation occurs only with large numbers of neurons working together.
Researchers have discovered that copper phthalocyanine can remain in 'superposition' states, a key characteristic of quantum computing, for surprisingly long times. This could lead to significant advancements in quantum technologies, including data storage and manipulation.
A group of Grand Valley State University students and faculty are working with Van Andel Institute to develop new methods for early cancer detection using advanced imaging technology. The partnership has led to significant advancements in the medical imaging field, with potential applications for predicting tumor growth and spread.
Researchers found that taking eight essential amino acids twice daily before and after knee-replacement surgeries can reduce muscle atrophy by 6.2% and speed recovery. This approach shows promise for a growing population of aging adults who face total knee replacements due to loss of mobility and pain problems.
Researchers at UCI found that cells from a transplanted limb acquire the molecular 'fingerprint' of their new location, allowing them to transform into cells with the signature of the region they're grafted onto. This ability, called positional plasticity, has implications for regenerative therapies and cancer biology.
A UT Arlington computer scientist is leading a project to mine electronic medical records data to personalize patient treatment, predict health care needs, and identify risks. The goal is to improve healthcare outcomes by providing doctors with better information.
Researchers at Linköping University have identified six proteins in spinal fluid that can be used as markers for the illness, offering a potential step towards early diagnosis. The study found that these proteins are associated with the breakdown of brain cells and toxic accumulations of beta amyloid protein.
A UCI-led study found high levels of carcinogens and other gases downwind of major refineries and chemical manufacturers in Alberta, Canada. The researchers detected elevated rates of cancers linked to these chemicals in nearby communities.
A new report by UConn Prof. Jonathan Plucker examines the 'excellence gap' in high-achieving American students, revealing that students from specific backgrounds dominate national assessment tests. The study shows the gap between white, relatively affluent students and their poorer, nonwhite classmates has widened since 1996.
A pilot study has shown that internet-based Behavioural Action treatment can effectively treat postnatal depression, with participants reporting better results for depression, work, and social impairment. The online program provided support at times convenient to the women, allowing them to complete a course of therapy.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center have devised a novel hair restoration method that can generate new human hair growth, potentially expanding the use of hair transplantation to women and younger patients. The approach uses dermal papilla cells from patient donations to induce hair follicle growth in tissue culture.
Researchers found that TB-infected badgers were less well-connected within their own groups but formed important links for the spread of infection between groups. The study suggests that this unusual social arrangement may stabilize the spread of TB across the population.
NTU scientists have made a breakthrough in solar technology by developing a new material that is five times cheaper to produce and generates almost as much power as current thin film solar cells. The material, called perovskite, converts up to 15% of sunlight to electricity, close to the efficiency of current solar cells.
Researchers developed a palatable paste to administer highly concentrated drugs in small volumes, improving treatment outcomes for llamas and alpacas. The paste allows for effective treatment of small liver fluke infections with minimal side effects.
Researchers found that purple loosestrife rapidly adapted to local climate conditions, allowing it to thrive and increase seed production. This adaptation enabled the species to outcompete native plants for resources, facilitating its spread in northern Ontario.
Researchers found that consciousness does not reside in a specific area of the brain but rather arises from the communication among billions of neurons. The study provides an initial step toward developing a scientific definition of consciousness.
A new study found that financial deprivation can lead to a decline in ethical principles, resulting in workplace sabotage and theft. People who experience financial loss are more likely to judge others' unethical behavior more leniently.
Researchers identify symptoms of depression causing parenting difficulties, including emotional unavailability and problems with memory. The findings suggest that depressed parents may struggle to respond to their child's needs due to brain changes affecting goal-setting and interaction.
A consortium led by Royal Holloway has been awarded a £13.5 million grant to fund 176 postgraduate students in the arts and humanities. The new Doctoral Training Partnership will provide diverse training opportunities and expertise from seven universities across London.
The IPinCH Project, led by George Nicholas, has received a federal research-funding agency's Partnership Award for its large-scale use of community partners in the research process. The project has garnered $2.5 million in initial funding and supported indigenous communities across the globe in protecting their cultural heritage.
Researchers found that realistic stories with identifiable characters and plots lead to 'narrative transportation,' a phenomenon where consumers mentally enter the story. Five characteristics - familiarity, attention, fantasizing ability, higher education, and female gender - contribute to this effect.
Researchers at NYU Tandon School of Engineering are developing modeling and control techniques for new antennas in the 60 GHz spectrum. They aim to create more powerful, bandwidth-intensive wireless networks with improved data transfer speeds.
A study by San Francisco State University Professor Robert Keith Collins found that using video captions improves student comprehension, test scores, and class discussions. The results showed a significant improvement in students' grades, with many transitioning from Cs to As, Bs, and Cs.
UC Irvine scientists have identified a key molecular gateway for the botulinum neurotoxin, which can be blocked by inhibitor molecules to prevent the toxin from entering the bloodstream. The discovery provides a vital first step toward a pharmaceutical intervention and could lead to preventive treatments for botulism.
The Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) has presented 12 new Fellows, acknowledging their groundbreaking contributions to analytics, operations research, and management science. The recipients include experts in education, healthcare, research, and service to INFORMS.
Scientists propose iron in Earth's core weakens dramatically just before melting, affecting seismic wave speeds. This discovery provides a compelling explanation for observed wave velocities at the Earth's inner core.
A team of scientists has discovered that the Yellowstone hotspot is less likely to erupt again soon, as evidenced by crystals found in Idaho rocks. The analysis suggests that the magma chambers are 'recycled', meaning they have been re-used before, and that this process could lead to a longer eruption cycle for the region.
Researchers investigate how aging affects smartphone use, including texting and emailing, to improve accessibility and usability. The study aims to inform the design of smartphones for older users, enabling them to maintain independence and social connections.
Researchers found that hunter-gatherers and farmers coexisted in Central Europe for at least 2,000 years, with genetic evidence showing that the two groups intermarried. The study suggests that the traditional narrative of the European hunter-gatherers' disappearance soon after farming arrived is incorrect.
A study by Oxford University researchers suggests that kissing helps humans size up potential partners and keeps them in long-term relationships. The survey found that women rated kissing as more important than men, particularly in long-term relationships where it plays a role in mediating affection and attachment.
Researchers analyze injury patterns in FIFA World Cup tournaments, finding that football players are more likely to get injured when their team is ahead. The study also reveals a direct link between the number of free kicks and injury frequency.
Carbyne nanorods or nanoropes have a host of remarkable and useful properties, including surpassing the tensile strength of any other known material and having twice the tensile stiffness of graphene. Stretching carbyne alters its electronic band gap significantly, making it suitable for applications such as sensors and energy storage.
The study reveals that the nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) protease of classical swine fever virus is capable of self-cleavage, generating two smaller proteins with distinct activities. This discovery sheds light on the complex regulation of viral replication and has significant implications for understanding persistent infections.
A study by Simon Fraser University researchers found nearly 40% of seniors who fall experience head impact, with linoleum or tile flooring being the most common cause. The team suggests designing safer environments, improving procedures for detecting brain injuries, and promoting strengthening exercises to reduce falls.
Researchers have discovered vast channels beneath an Antarctic ice shelf, stretching hundreds of kilometers. The channels' formation is linked to meltwater flowing under the grounded ice sheet, shedding light on how ice responds to environmental changes.
A new study from the University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management found that employees who had autonomy over their lunch activities were less tired at work. Relaxing activities freely chosen by workers led to reduced fatigue, while socializing with colleagues increased it.
Research by UCL Eastman Dental Institute reveals high levels of poor oral health among elite athletes, including 55% with dental caries and 28% affected by oral health issues. The study highlights the need for improved oral health support for athletes to optimize their performance.
Aaron Esser-Kahn, Sunil Gandhi, and Ali Mortazavi will each receive $2.3 million to fund their projects, focusing on vaccine development and neural plasticity. Their work aims to improve human health by transforming scientific fields.
Researchers at Rice University and UTHealth will advance tissue-engineering technologies with a $75 million grant. The goal is to restore or replace damaged tissue and organs, benefiting both military and civilian populations.
Most Texas college campuses offer health services and safety infrastructure, but fall short on counseling services and victim advocacy.
Researchers at the University of Nevada, Reno and the University of Iowa discovered that agricultural anabolic steroids can persist in aquatic environments through a reversion mechanism. The study found that these substances can regenerate themselves at night, up to 70% of their initial mass, after rapid breakdown in sunlight.
A new study from the University of Exeter and international collaborators finds that smaller reefs with nearly full lagoons have potential for new island development. This could provide alternative land options in the region as sea levels rise.
A new study from researchers at Rice University found that a school outreach program reduced the mobility of African-American students by 29 percent. The program enhanced relationships between families and school personnel, improving trust and reducing negative outcomes such as lower test scores and substance abuse.
A study published in JAMA Dermatology found over 200 mobile apps related to dermatology, but most are free with no guarantees of accuracy. Doctors advise users to use common sense and cross-reference apps with other sources before relying on them.
The Sociogenomics Initiative RCN will bring together researchers from prominent US and Canadian universities to study the genomic mechanisms underlying social behavior. The network aims to establish a comprehensive understanding of social behavior in molecular terms through large-scale collaboration and multidisciplinary approaches.
Researchers found that cuckoo finches with multiple eggs in a nest confuse host parents, making it harder to distinguish their own eggs from imposter eggs. This strategy combines with egg mimicry to increase reproductive success. The study highlights the cunning tactics of brood parasites like the cuckoo finch.
The discovery of two new fossil jaws in Vellberg, Germany, provides evidence that the ancestors of lizards, snakes, and tuatara were alive during the Middle Triassic period. The findings suggest that lepidosaurs first appeared after the end-Permian mass extinction event, around 240 million years ago.
Researchers developed a portable ventilation pump for large animals, improving the safety of veterinarians treating patients in the field. The device is easy to use and inexpensive, allowing veterinarians to provide emergency first aid without relying on conventional equipment.
Scientists analyze data collected from a spring 2011 cruise to determine the impact of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on deep-water communities in the Gulf of Mexico. The study found severe reduction of biological abundance and biodiversity impacting an area around 9 square miles around the wellhead.
A study from Linköping University found that Greek students reported poorer health and higher stress hormone cortisol levels than Swedish counterparts, despite lower perceived stress. The research suggests the social crisis in Greece is having biological effects on its residents.
Researchers used blue whale earplugs to extract and analyze chemicals, hormones, and stress levels, enabling the study of lifetime chemical exposures and hormone profiles. The new method provides valuable information on human impact on individual whales and marine ecosystems.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a secure system to protect wireless implantable medical devices from unauthorized access. The technology uses the patient's unique heartbeat as a password, which can only be accessed through touch with a programmer device. This provides a secure way to monitor patients and prevent potential...
A $451,000 US grant will fund research on the Chaman Fault in Western Pakistan to improve earthquake prediction and mitigation. The study aims to determine fault movement speed and activity levels to reduce casualties and economic losses.
A recent study suggests that men's stronger sexual impulses are a key factor in their higher rates of infidelity. Men experienced stronger impulses to pursue attractive partners, regardless of whether it was considered 'good' or 'bad', whereas women were more likely to exert self-control and resist these temptations.
A study by James Cook University found that early publication is a key factor in predicting success in scientific research. Women face disadvantages due to language barriers and family responsibilities, hindering their progress. Publishing early and often helps scientists gain a competitive edge and become superstars in their field.