Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A recent study by Ben-Gurion University researchers found that divers are willing to pay to improve aspects of reef biodiversity, with respondents ranking biodiversity as the most desirable value. The study's findings may help inform conservation efforts and direct the design of future marine reserves.
Aalto University researchers have measured entropy production of electrons in a dual temperature system, revealing a connection between two definitions of entropy and significant implications for future nanoelectronic devices. The study used conductors at different temperatures to measure electronic entropy production according to both...
A study found that dominant male turkeys express genes more like males and less like females, leading to increased attractiveness. Researchers suggest a similar pattern may exist in females, with more attractive women exhibiting higher female gene expression.
Miao Yu, a chemistry graduate student at University of Chicago, has received an International Predoctoral Student Research Fellowship from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. She will receive $43,000 annually for up to three years to support her research on DNA modifications.
Researchers identified neuroimaging markers in the brain that can help predict which people with psychosis will respond to antipsychotic medications. Cortical folding defects were found in individuals who did not respond to treatment, while those who responded had brain structures similar to healthy controls.
Two Tufts University biomedical graduate students, Seblewongel Asrat and Jennifer Nwankwo, have been awarded HHMI International Student Research Fellowships to study Legionnaires' disease and sickle cell disease. The fellowships provide $43,000 in funding for the first year, with renewal opportunities for two additional years.
Dennis Hansell, a renowned chemical oceanographer, has been awarded the Sverdrup Lecture at the AGU Ocean Sciences Meeting. He will focus on the dynamics of organic material dissolved in the ocean and its role in elemental cycling.
A new study challenges the popular notion of a 'hookup culture' among contemporary college students, revealing that attitudes towards sex have remained relatively consistent over the past 25 years. The study found no evidence of a shift towards more frequent sex or multiple partners, contradicting previous claims.
Ruth Canning's research project explores the Nine Years' War, a 400-year-old conflict that shaped Ireland's identity and continues to influence its culture today. The grant will fuel her three-year study of this overlooked war, which could lead to a more nuanced understanding of present-day situations.
A team of researchers discovered a chemical compound called filastatin that prevents fungal cells from adhering to surfaces, which is the first step of fungal infections. The compound has shown significant protective effects without toxicity to human tissues.
The University of Strathclyde's research reveals a significant increase in honey bee colony losses in Scotland, with 31.3% of managed colonies failing to survive last winter. The loss rate is almost double the previous year and has major implications for crop pollination and food supply.
A study published in Psychological Science found that people who experience embarrassment are more likely to choose items that hide or restore their face, effectively helping them save face. The research highlights the unconscious influence of metaphorical thinking on everyday behaviors.
The study found that most men (84%) and women (58%) reported paying for most expenses, despite feminism's impact on traditional gender norms. Many women expressed discomfort when men expected them to pay, while nearly half of men would stop dating a woman who never pays.
Research from Washington University in St. Louis suggests a 'flexible hub' theory of brain function, where the fronto-parietal network coordinates processing among specialized networks for novel cognitive tasks. This allows for rapid learning and adaptation, enabling humans to switch between different skills learned in different contexts.
A study published in Nature Neuroscience reveals that genetic mutations linked to Parkinson's disease can cause problems with mitophagy, a process essential for eliminating damaged cells. The research suggests that targeting this pathway could lead to the development of more effective drug treatments.
Researchers have used computer simulations to demonstrate a universal increase in electrical conductivity of many materials under strong electric fields. This finding has significant implications for systems in electrochemistry, biochemistry, and electrical engineering.
A new study by Indiana University found that schools implementing coordinated school health programs saw increases in students' physical activity levels. The programs included before- and after-school walking programs, classroom activity breaks with physical activity, and club sports.
Researchers at the University of Kent have successfully identified the anaerobic pathway for producing vitamin B12 in bacteria. This discovery paves the way for increased production of the essential nutrient, which is used to treat pernicious anemia and other conditions.
Researchers are testing a skull-based connector behind the ear for powering heart pumps, aiming to reduce infections at the abdominal site. The study compares two similar devices with internal power cords routed through the neck or behind the ear, seeking better infection prevention and quality of life for patients
A new system, nEmesis, uses machine-learning and crowdsourcing to analyze millions of tweets to find reports of likely food poisoning following a restaurant visit. The system ranks restaurants according to how likely it is for someone to become ill after visiting that restaurant.
Researchers investigated brain activation during reading of Chinese characters with and without hand-radicals using fMRI. They found that characters with hand-radicals activated the right medial frontal gyrus, supporting embodied semantics theory.
A UCLA analysis of over 1.5 million books shows how cultural values have changed, revealing individualism and materialistic values on the rise.
A new report from Simon Fraser University researcher calls for expanded heroin and opioid medical treatment to address rising overdose deaths. The study highlights the gap in treatment availability in Canada and the US and recommends eliminating restrictions on methadone prescribing and reducing financial barriers to treatment.
A new study from UT Arlington found that individuals with high levels of 'group narcissism' and strong national in-group identification are more likely to hold negative attitudes toward undocumented Latino immigrants. This aligns with the researchers' hypothesis that perceived threats to one's group can contribute to such attitudes.
A new study found that mindfulness meditation, known as Integrative Body-Mind Training (IBMT), significantly reduced smoking in smokers by 60 percent. The training improved self-control pathways related to addiction, leading to increased activity in areas such as the anterior cingulate cortex and medial prefrontal cortex.
Research from the University of Copenhagen reveals that flexible wage systems have led to a 5% increase in average wages for private sector employees in Denmark. Companies can now better retain key personnel under these systems, leading to increased productivity.
Flavia Tauro, a graduate student at NYU-Poly, has won the AGU Hydrology Section's Horton Research Grant to develop novel tracer particles for hydrological monitoring. Her technique aims to improve the efficiency and feasibility of traditional tracing methods while reducing environmental impact.
Terence M. Keane, a renowned expert on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), has received the Distinguished Scientific Contributions to Clinical Psychology Award from the American Psychological Association. His work focuses on developing new therapies and treatments for PTSD, which affects approximately 7.7 million adults in the US.
Patricia Resick, PhD, ABPP, received the American Psychological Association's Division of Trauma Psychology Award for Lifetime Achievement in trauma psychology. She has made outstanding contributions to science, practice, advocacy, and education, developing Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) for PTSD treatment.
Researchers used mathematical models and lab-based synthetic biology to predict bacterial investment crashes and boom-bust cycles. The study reveals how the diversity of life is maintained and demonstrates that investment decisions can be precisely defined.
A new study found that visual images of skin cancer are most effective in prompting skin self-examinations, leading to more frequent and accurate checks. The findings could inform patient education strategies and public health communication efforts.
Researchers at the University of Oregon have developed a game-changing approach to synthesize thousands of new compounds with ultra-low thermal conductivity. The team designed layered elemental precursors that self-assemble into metastable compounds with predictable nano-architectures and specific crystallographic orientations.
A new brain mapping technique using magnetoencephalography (MEG) has been developed to help surgeons plan for surgical treatment in epilepsy. The study, published in Human Brain Mapping, produced detailed spatial maps of critical language functions to improve surgical outcomes.
Bartke, a renowned gerontologist, has made groundbreaking contributions to understanding aging and longevity. His work on the growth hormone/IGF/insulin axis pathway has significantly advanced our knowledge of this complex process.
A UC Irvine study has found that breath analysis may be an accurate way to quickly determine the severity of bacterial infections. The researchers correlated inflammation levels in laboratory mice with carbon monoxide and other gases in breath samples, making carbon monoxide a reliable biomarker for infection presence and intensity.
A novel approach has been developed to scan the entire genome, allowing researchers to better understand the effect of genetic variants on protein translation. This method could lead to the development of biomarkers for personalized medicine and new therapies for complex diseases such as diabetes and schizophrenia.
A study of over 2,500 students found that higher GPA, fulltime enrollment status, black race, a higher number of transfer credits, and expected family contribution are key predictors of graduation. The findings challenge traditional assumptions about improving university graduation rates.
A research team led by Wayne State University aims to update the Highway Capacity Manual with the Michigan left turn design, enabling its adoption by other countries. The project will develop equations, text, and software for four alternative designs, improving traffic flow and safety.
A study by Rice University and Louisiana State University found that court-mandated prison reforms led to a 22% decrease in welfare spending. The researchers discovered that states that were ordered to improve living conditions spent significantly more on correctional facilities, but less on social programs.
Researchers at McMaster University found that video conferencing in job interviews can lead to less likable candidates and lower ratings for interviewers. The study suggests that face-to-face interviews are essential for accurate assessments and positive evaluations.
Researchers at the University of Oregon have made breakthroughs in understanding the complex interactions between actin filaments and regulatory proteins. They discovered how tiny synthetic molecules disrupt the activity of a key molecular machine, potentially leading to new therapeutic targets for diseases such as cancer and HIV.
A UC Irvine team measures how to best prevent bullet deaths by designing parameters for gun control. They found that reduced legal gun availability lowers domestic and one-on-one crime deaths, but armed citizens may save lives in rare mass shootings if trained to avoid accidentally shooting fleeing bystanders.
Researchers fitted homing pigeons with GPS loggers to study their navigation. The results showed that satiated pigeons flew directly to their home loft, while hungry pigeons flew to a nearby food loft, indicating they have a type of cognitive navigational map in their heads
A research team found Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae inhibits advanced glycation end product formation, reducing levels in the frontal cortex and improving learning and memory capabilities in ovariectomized rats. The plant's antioxidative effect may contribute to its neuroprotective properties.
A team of researchers discovered that a population of brown trout can survive in highly contaminated waters by changing the expression of their genes. The study found that these fish have developed strategies to detoxify metals and maintain ion balance, allowing them to thrive in environments where other fish would be lethal.
The new Rolls-Royce@NTU Corporate Lab will focus on three core areas: Electrical Power and Control Systems, Manufacturing and Repair Technologies, and Computational Engineering. The lab aims to invent more efficient energy delivery systems and develop innovative manufacturing technologies to complement robust power systems.
A new study from the University of Oregon has found evidence of life on land dating back 2.2 billion years, four times earlier than previously thought. The discovery of ancient fossils in South African soil provides insight into the 'Great Oxidation Event' that marked a significant rise in oxygen levels in the atmosphere.
A new approach to designing visual notations has been proposed, challenging conventional wisdom that experts should design these notations. The approach, which involves naive users in the process, increases semantic transparency by almost 300% compared to existing notations.
A study found that brain cells' electrical activity combines stored memories, environmental circumstances, and current state of mind. The researchers used techniques to monitor the electrical activity of neurons in rats' hippocampus, which is used to encode new memories and retrieve old ones.
The University of Huddersfield will create a Centre of Innovation in Rail with the received funding, building on its Institute of Railway Research's world-class research and training capabilities. The project aims to address identified challenges in engineering, safety, risk, and skills, improving UK railway competitiveness.
Dr. Steven M. Stanley receives the GSA Penrose Medal for his work on the punctuational model of evolution and its application to fossil data. His contributions focus on major climate change, seawater chemistry changes, and patterns of large-scale evolution and extinction.
Researchers at Monash University have developed an ionic liquid-based thermocell that can harness waste heat from power stations and vehicle exhaust pipes to generate electricity.
Researchers used fMRI to investigate the neural origins of hot flashes in postmenopausal women. They found that activity in brain regions like the brain stem and insula rises before and after the hot flash, respectively. The study provides novel insights into the complex brain mechanisms underlying this common menopause symptom.
Researchers have developed a method to identify Staphylococcus aureus capsule types using infrared light, achieving a success rate of up to 99%. The technique relies on Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and artificial neuronal networks to distinguish between different capsule forms.
A study published in Animal Behaviour found that ship noise disrupts feeding for common shore crabs, while also heightening their predation risk. The research suggests that the combination of reduced foraging time and increased vulnerability to predators may negatively impact crab growth, fitness, survival, and harvested populations.
Scientists discovered a new, extinct family of insects in British Columbia and Washington state that helps understand how animals responded to global climate change. The Eorpidae family's extinction raises questions about the impact of evolutionary diversification and climate change on communities.
Research reveals that people with individualistic mindsets prioritize an item's inherent value, while those with collectivist mindsets focus on the relationships between items. This difference in mindset affects consumer decision-making, including choices about favorite sets and purchasing decisions.
During the Great Recession, high school students in the U.S. became more concerned about others and the environment. According to a study published in Social Psychological and Personality Science, recession-era students were more interested in social issues and environmental concerns.
Researchers from UCL's Mullard Space Science Laboratory used data from the Japanese Hinode spacecraft to measure the Sun's magnetic field. The study found that the field is approximately ten times weaker than previously estimated.
Seven graduate students and one undergraduate received prestigious poster awards for their research on Caenorhabditis elegans, a model organism used to study human biology and disease. The winners will receive cash prizes, certificates, and a complimentary one-year extension to their GSA membership.