Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers used computer simulations to study how HIV-1 virus creates its capsid, a protective armor around the viral genome. The simulations provide new insights into the process, which could lead to better understanding and prevention of infection.
A Baylor University study finds that fast-food availability near school magnifies negative effects on black and Hispanic adolescents, who are more likely to be overweight and receive less benefit from exercise. The study highlights the importance of targeted marketing strategies to promote healthier food environments.
A study by Penn State and University of California, Irvine researchers found that Mexican American mothers' formal immigration status impacts their children's and grandchildren's educational attainment. Unauthorized immigrant mothers' children lag behind in education compared to authorized immigrant mothers' and U.S.-born mothers' chil...
New research by psychologists at the universities of Kent, Magdeburg and Cambridge has shown that some people can intentionally suppress unwanted memories and control their brain activity, thereby abolishing brain activity related to remembering. This finding has major implications for brain activity guilt detection tests.
The study analyzes benefits and risks of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors (coxibs), finding that naproxen may have the best benefit-to-risk ratio on cardiovascular disease, while high-dose diclofenac and ibuprofen pose comparable vascular risks.
A new field experiment by University of Chicago economists found that women are more likely to opt-out of charity donations, especially when given the option. In contrast, men's giving was slightly affected, with women giving only half as much as before in situations where they could avoid donating.
Researchers at Washington State University found that being confident can increase a pundit's followers by nearly 17%, while accuracy only boosts it by 3.4%. The study used over 1 billion tweets to analyze the relationship between confidence and popularity.
Research found that snails' coiled shells are driven by a protein gradient and asymmetry in Decapentaplegic expression, contrasting with limpet shells which lack this asymmetry. The study provides an explanation for the evolution of shell coiling in gastropods.
A study has shown that H7N9 can be transmitted efficiently when animals are in close contact, such as touching, coughing, and exchanging bodily fluids. The transmission of the virus was found to be reduced if cages were well spaced, indicating that airborne transmission is not a high risk for H7N9.
A recent study found that anxious men experience significantly greater impairments from anxiety during job interviews compared to women. The researchers suggest that societal stereotypes and expectations may contribute to this disparity. Strategies for reducing interview anxiety, such as preparation and practice, are also discussed.
Researchers used a revolutionary X-ray laser to freeze the motion of atoms in gold nanocrystals, revealing unusual supersonic vibrations. The new images support theoretical models for light interaction with metals and have potential applications in understanding material response after perturbation.
Researchers at Simon Fraser University have discovered links between electrode degradation processes and bus membrane durability. The study aims to improve fuel cell module durability and predict longevity for competitive with diesel hybrids.
Scientists have developed a mechanism to understand the cyclical nature of the Sun's magnetic activity, which is responsible for 'space weather' phenomena like solar flares and coronal mass ejections. This discovery provides a solution to mathematical equations governing fluids and electromagnetism for large astrophysical bodies.
A team of scientists at the University of California, Irvine, has discovered a rare mega-galaxy dubbed HXMM01, which is 10 times larger than the Milky Way. The galaxy was formed after a 11-billion-year collision between two young galaxies and is rapidly fading away due to its own cataclysmic birth.
A study published in JAMA found that a specific genetic variation is associated with improved survival in some cases of pulmonary fibrosis. The researchers identified the MUC5B promoter polymorphism as a key factor, which may lead to the development of new treatments for this deadly lung disease.
Researchers found a genetic risk factor for pulmonary fibrosis in people with the MUC5B gene variant, associated with increased lung inflammation and scarring. The study suggests that pulmonary fibrosis may be part of a larger syndrome, potentially leading to early detection and treatment.
A new study by researchers at the University of Leeds and Naturalis Biodiversity Centre found evidence of slowing declines in bee biodiversity between the 1950s and 1980s. The study suggests that conservation efforts, such as agri-environment programs, may be having an impact on reducing biodiversity losses among bees and wild plants.
The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) will honor important contributions to the field of endoscopy during the ninth annual ASGE Crystal Awards on May 19, 2013. The event recognizes leaders, researchers, and educators who have strengthened the specialty and the Society.
The American Gastroenterological Association has announced the inaugural AGA Investing in the Future Student Research Fellowship Award recipients, supporting underrepresented minority students in digestive disease and nutrition research. The program aims to stimulate an interest in gastroenterological research and provide students with...
A new analysis by University College London highlights the significant burden of disease on men worldwide. Men die at a younger age than women in every region and are disproportionately affected by risk factors such as tobacco smoking, high blood pressure, and physical inactivity.
In a study on reed warblers, scientists found that males aggressively defend against potential infidelity but turn out to be caring fathers. The results suggest that females' perceived male weakness may reduce their investment in joint offspring.
Canadian governments must work together to share greenhouse gas emissions reduction costs, with provinces contributing equally. The current system is not effective and requires leadership from the Prime Minister and provincial premiers to address the challenge.
A recent study published in JAMA found that dual-chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are associated with more complications than single-chamber devices. The research, led by Pamela Peterson, MD, suggests that the added complexity of dual-chamber ICDs may outweigh any potential benefits.
A recent study on young adult crack users in Brazil highlights the critical need for targeted interventions to address this pressing issue. The research reveals extensive socio-economic marginalization, health problems, and involvement in crime among these individuals, emphasizing the importance of adequate services.
University of Oregon neuroscientists found that people's brains detect grammatical errors without conscious awareness, generating an early negative ERP response. Despite participants' lack of awareness, their brains processed the errors implicitly, suggesting a brain mechanism recognizing and reacting to them.
Researchers from UPV/EHU and University of La Rioja implement a distance collaboration project to enhance student performance, transversal competences, and tool usage. The study reveals positive outcomes, including improved exam marks and increased team satisfaction.
Researchers aim to explore patterns of human collaboration in creating large-scale knowledge repositories. They seek to create a 'human-genome map' of online behavior, enabling observation and improvement of social knowledge creation processes.
A University of Oregon study found that 17% of female students alter their menstrual cycle for convenience or personal preference. Women who prefer a monthly cycle are less likely to modify their bleeding schedule, suggesting healthcare providers can educate them on suitable options.
A new study from UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Ghent University found that different brain areas are activated when individuals choose to suppress an emotion compared to when they are instructed to do so. This discovery could have implications for therapies targeting mental health conditions.
The National Science Foundation has partnered with Intel and GE to increase the number of new engineering and computer science graduates in the US. The Graduate 10K+ program aims to retain undergraduates in these fields, addressing a chronic shortage of skilled professionals. The $10 million grant will support five-year projects that a...
A GWU biologist has created the largest-ever evolutionary family tree for all known snake and lizard groups, covering over 4,000 species. The study, published in BMC Evolutionary Biology, provides a comprehensive classification system for these reptiles.
A new University of Michigan study found that more than one in 10 GenXers are enrolled in classes to continue their formal educations, with 48% taking continuing education courses. The study also revealed that GenXers have earned graduate and professional degrees at a higher rate than any previous generation.
The study found that couples with larger age gaps have lower earnings, less education, and reduced cognitive abilities. Physical attractiveness was also negatively affected in these relationships. The researchers suggest that social networks play a key role in shaping marriage choices and earning potential.
A new species of small theropod dinosaur has been identified in northwestern China, with fossil remains estimated to be less than a year old. The discovery, made by a team led by George Washington University biologist James Clark, provides insights into the early evolution of meat-eating dinosaurs.
A study with zoo baboons found that they can accurately discriminate between different quantities, relying on a cognitive approach known as the analog system. This ability is shared by humans and children who have not yet learned to count, suggesting a fundamental talent for making approximate quantity judgments.
A large-scale analysis of out-of-hours emergency admissions in UK pediatric intensive care units found no increased mortality risk. However, winter months saw a statistically significant increase in deaths, possibly due to strain on services.
The lab-on-a-chip (LOC) is a low-cost, microfluidic device that can quickly diagnose bacterial infections and recommend antibiotics for infantile diarrhea. The device's portability and affordability make it an attractive solution for remote areas with limited access to healthcare.
Researchers at Temple University School of Medicine found that synthetic anti-inflammatory substances related to marijuana's active ingredient can attenuate HIV replication in macrophages. This discovery could lead to new drug therapies for HIV/AIDS, leveraging the human immune system's natural defenses.
The American Educational Research Association has issued a new report on bullying prevention, emphasizing the need for training and technical assistance to address this issue. The report highlights key findings on the causes and consequences of bullying, as well as practical strategies for reducing its impact.
This year's AAPS National Biotechnology Conference award winners have made significant contributions to the field of biotechnology, including the development of novel drug delivery systems and innovative approaches to protein-matrix interactions. The awards recognize excellence in research, innovation, and education.
New research published in Nature Geoscience reveals how Saturn keeps itself looking young and hot due to gas layers preventing heat from escaping. This unique layering effectively insulates the planet, preventing heat radiating out efficiently.
Researchers found that mothers use more complex language when reading wordless picture storybooks with their toddlers compared to vocabulary books. This exposure lays the foundation for later reading development and language skills.
Academic physicians call for guidelines to reduce cheating among medical students, citing concerns over patient safety and public trust. Historical test questions are used throughout higher education, but reproduce-and-share practices threaten this integrity.
Researchers suggest that evolvability can increase over generations without competitive pressure, leading to increased diversity. The study's findings challenge traditional theories on the origins of evolvability.
New research from the University of Exeter suggests that small fish with aggressive personalities are more likely to win food contests against larger, passive counterparts. The study found that consistently aggressive fish were able to put on weight and survive in resource-scarce environments.
A new grass hybrid, Festulolium, has been developed to reduce the impact of flooding by capturing more water in the soil. The hybrid grass shows potential for reducing flood generation while providing high-quality forage for food production under changing climate conditions.
A new study reveals that prostate cancer develops through periodic bursts of genetic mutations, causing complex DNA reshuffling. This process, dubbed 'punctuated cancer evolution,' may lead to more accurate diagnosis and effective treatment in the future.
Researchers found that dog owners should be cautious of ticks throughout the year, especially from March to November. The study suggests that commercially available products may not be effective in preventing tick-borne diseases, which can infect over half of dogs in a single season.
New research shows that stronger antibiotics can speed up the evolution of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, particularly when used alone. This can lead to faster growth and spread of resistant bacteria, making it harder to treat diseases caused by these pathogens.
A study of 27 children using fMRI found a specific brain region, the ventral medial prefrontal cortex, increasingly devoted to social self-evaluations during puberty. This region showed significant increases in blood-oxygen levels when responding to questions about identity and peer status.
Researchers from Saint Louis University and the University of Toronto have decoded the western painted turtle's genome, revealing genes that may be key to managing human health disorders such as stroke and heart attack. The study also identified genes that could lead to the development of safer anesthetics for human patients.
Spanish scientists have developed a formula that accurately calculates an individual's speed based on stride length, with a margin of error of 10-15%. The equation was tested using data from professional athletes and students, demonstrating its applicability in various environments.
A team from the University of Exeter has developed a method to make bacteria produce diesel on demand, using special strains of E. coli. The resulting diesel is almost identical to conventional diesel fuel and can be used with current supplies without modification.
Researchers at UCL and Montreal found a way to train the brain to accurately predict event outcomes by providing idealised scenarios that conform to statistical probability. This 'cleans' their memory and provides good quality evidence for decision-making.
A new study suggests that ocean acidification could lead to increased hearing sensitivity in fish, with potential benefits for navigation and communication. Researchers found that fish raised in low-pH seawater had larger otoliths, which are used for hearing and balance, resulting in up to a 58-percent increase in otolith mass.
Researchers at the University of Exeter developed a new photoelectric device that converts light into electrical signals using graphene and graphExeter. The ultra-lightweight, flexible device has potential applications in photovoltaic textiles, intelligent windows, and smart materials.
Scientists observed orderly movements of protein-carrying packets along axons to specific synapse sites, revealing a complex process. The discovery sheds light on the formation of glutamate-driven synapses and their role in conditions like autism and schizophrenia.
The Abess Center honored Terrence 'Rock' Salt with the 2013 Environmental Stewardship Award for his decades-long commitment to championing the Everglades. Karlisa Callwood received the inaugural Orion Herbs Fieldwork Grant to study the Bahamian spiny lobster fishery.
A new study suggests that company social events can have a negative impact on building relationships between workers of different racial backgrounds. Researchers found that social interaction was less likely to help workers feel closer to their colleagues when they were dissimilar from the majority.
A recent study found that UK tobacco companies absorb increasing taxes on ultra-low-price cigarettes, maintaining prices and market share. This strategy undermines the effectiveness of cigarette taxes in reducing smoking rates.