Articles tagged with Europe
A study found that patients who climbed four flights of stairs in less than 40-45 seconds achieved more than 9-10 METs during exercise testing, while those who took 1.5 minutes or longer achieved less than 8 METs. This correlation suggests a simple way to assess heart health outside of traditional exercise testing.
Researchers Barbara Mazzolai and Andrea Toma at IIT have been awarded ERC grants for their projects on intelligent plant robots and new photosynthesis technologies. The projects aim to create collective behavior in plants and develop nanotechnology devices for storing solar energy in hydrogen.
A recent study found that pesticides in contact with plastic mulch can lead to delayed degradation, contaminating the soil and potentially harming the ecosystem. The use of biodegradable plastics was shown to have a higher percentage of pesticide sorption, leading to concerns about soil contamination.
The European Research Council (ERC) has awarded €655 million in Consolidator Grants to 327 researchers, including 37% of female applicants. These grants will fund research projects across Europe, creating over 2000 jobs and addressing topics such as patent-free medicines, viral pandemics, and elephants' long pregnancies.
Alzheimer Europe's new report highlights the need to prioritize dementia research and policy in the EU. The organization recommends allocating fair resources to existing programs, prioritizing dementia within chronic diseases policies, and recognizing it as a disability.
A team of scientists analyzed processes in the root zone to determine nitrogen fate. They found nearly 75% of Europe's agricultural land vulnerable to nitrate leaching during critical months. This study provides more precise information for risk management and adjusting fertiliser regimes.
A new study analyzed the relationship between working life expectancy and health expectancies, revealing potential to increase expected economically active years for both men and women. However, education-specific analysis showed large differences in size of this potential among socioeconomic subgroups.
A study by Alfred Wegener Institute reveals that warm and dry Aprils in Central Europe increase the risk of summer droughts. The team found that a blocking high-pressure system over the North Sea and parts of Germany is to blame for these conditions.
The ZOWIAC project will investigate the effects of invasive carnivores on biological diversity and human health, using monitoring, metabarcoding, and spatial analysis to understand their impact. Citizens will also be involved in the research through a citizen science platform.
A recent study by the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) has found that living near areas with high biological diversity increases life satisfaction among Europeans. The research, which analyzed data from over 26,000 adults across 26 European countries, discovered that experiencing numerous different bird specie...
Researchers analyzed Neandertal-associated phenotypes in Asian and European populations, finding shared variants increasing risk of autoimmune diseases like dermatitis and rheumatoid arthritis. In contrast, a specific gene variant in Asians had a protective effect against prostate cancer.
The graphic novel 'Europasaurus - Life on Jurassic Islands' provides a realistic look at the life of this dwarfed giant dinosaur and other prehistoric creatures. The book contains scientifically accurate information about the Mesozoic era, verified by international experts.
New research reveals that European colonization significantly increased rates of soil erosion and alluvium accumulation in North America, with impacts felt for centuries.
A recent study published in the European Heart Journal found that acute aircraft noise exposure at night can increase the risk of cardiovascular mortality. The study analyzed 24,886 cardiovascular deaths and found a significant association between night-time airplane noise levels and increased mortality risk.
The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) are urging increased HIV testing in Europe to combat late diagnoses. More than 136,000 people were newly diagnosed with HIV in 2019, with 53% of those diagnosed at a late stage of the infection.
A 28-country comparison of 280,605 adults reveals that specific muscle-strengthening exercises are not widely practiced. Only 17% of Europeans perform these exercises twice or more a week, as recommended by the World Health Organization.
A study found that nearly half of the global population lacks knowledge about climate change's effect on infectious diseases. The survey revealed marked differences in awareness among nationality and educational background. Knowledge of climate change is unrelated to educational level, indicating a need for increased public awareness.
A European team has identified the most urgent invasive species to eradicate in Europe, including the golden apple snail and water hyacinths. The study prioritizes species based on risk of establishment and impact on the environment and economy.
The European Society of Cardiology report highlights alarming trends in cardiovascular disease, including rising obesity and diabetes rates, to emphasize the need for urgent action. The report also shows that middle-income countries are struggling to meet World Health Organization targets for heart disease prevention.
An interdisciplinary team analyzed over 600 fossils from 82 archaeological sites in the Iberian Peninsula, revealing common presence at major sites and changes throughout prehistory. The study confirms the need for an interdisciplinary approach to analyze zooarchaeological records and sheds new light on fossil collection practices.
A study has found that middle-aged and older adults are at risk of contracting STIs due to negative attitudes and limited knowledge about their sexual health needs. The report's findings highlight four critical areas where interventions can address gaps in current healthcare provision: awareness, access, knowledge, and stigma.
Researchers develop AI algorithms to optimize flight networks for resilience against storms, reducing delays and improving safety. The project aims to create a flight planning software that can automatically react to storms and recover the system.
The AGRIMODELS Cluster brings together three European projects aiming to improve agricultural policy-making by developing synergies among complementary approaches. The projects will create a modular and customisable toolset for flexible use, addressing key challenges such as food and water security, carbon storage, and biodiversity.
Researchers found that particulate matter's oxidative potential, not just its amount, is the main health risk. The study suggests urban areas have higher oxidative potential and more harmful effects on health than rural areas.
A new study by University of Surrey experts found that trees can effectively reduce the urban heat island effect in many European cities. The research simulated temperature increases in Guildford, UK under different green infrastructure scenarios and found that trees were the most effective form of mitigation.
The EACVI - Best of Imaging 2020 event showcases cutting-edge research on cardiac imaging, featuring sessions on COVID-19 management and women's heart health. Experts will discuss the use of imaging techniques in patients with COVID-19 and explore fundamental differences between men and women in certain diseases.
The EBMT 2021 Scientific Programme features symposia and educational sessions on HSCT and cell therapy. More than 6,000 delegates attend the annual meeting, which continues to evolve with new topics added every year.
The global built environment sector must drastically reduce its climate impact to meet UN sustainability goals. A roadmap presented at the Beyond 2020 World Conference calls for powerful efforts and swift action from institutions, businesses, and urban planners.
An international team has received a 10 million euro grant to investigate the evolution of human quantification. The QUANTA project will analyze quantification as a bio-cultural phenomenon, combining insights from anthropology, linguistics, archaeology, and cognitive science.
A team of scientists discovered an elbow-shaped flume in the Barbegal watermills, a unique adaptation for efficient water supply. The research, published in Scientific Reports, provides insights into Roman engineers' ingenuity and technological advancements.
A study published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology found that nearly half of type 2 diabetes patients are at very high risk of fatal events within a decade. Lifestyle advice, including quitting smoking, healthy diet and regular exercise, is recommended to prevent cardiovascular disease.
A new research project explores how counter-terrorism affects public perceptions and urban atmospheres in Europe's cities. It assesses the impact of terror threats on everyday life through a large-scale international survey and in-depth studies of five European cities.
The VEDLIoT project is developing a new generation of IoT platforms that use machine learning to improve the performance and energy efficiency of devices. The platform aims to enable autonomous vehicles, smart homes, and industrial applications to learn and adapt to their environments.
A study found that European climate change counter movement think tanks have a neoliberal ideological stance, repeating messages similar to those used by American denialists. The research, published in the journal Climatic Change, documents for the first time an organized climate change counter movement in Europe.
A team led by George Mason University's Bijan Jabbari is developing a dynamic, high-performance programmable Cyber-Infrastructure testbed connecting US research communities with European partners. The testbed will enable virtualization of resources to facilitate global science applications in high-energy physics, deep-space communicati...
The EU's climate-neutral goal may be undermined by high imports of agricultural products from countries with lax environmental standards. The study recommends harmonizing sustainability standards and reducing fertilizer and pesticide use to achieve global sustainability.
The new European consensus statement provides practical recommendations for diagnosing and treating osteoporosis in advanced stage CKD. The guidelines aim to reduce the care gap and promote proactive fragility fracture prevention in high-risk patients.
Researchers in the FIThydro project developed new assessment methods and technologies to reduce negative ecological effects of hydropower plants. They also created a decision support system to help operators plan and assess hydropower plants, taking into account environmental policy requirements and international regulatory guidelines.
A new survey more than doubles the known number of copies of Isaac Newton's groundbreaking science book, challenging the idea that it was only read by expert mathematicians. The research suggests that the Principia was widely read and comprehended in 17th-century Europe.
The book Mare Plasticum delves into the devastating effects of plastics and microplastics on marine environments. It aims to change society's consciousness towards more responsible behavior, highlighting urgent need for action.
Researchers used ancient DNA samples to reconstruct the population history of prehistoric dogs, finding they diverged into at least five distinct lineages by 11,000 years ago. The study also suggests human-dog migration patterns didn't always align, with some populations showing little genetic influence from wolves.
Researchers explore how standardized visualization influences our understanding of the world, linking material culture to brain development and social power dynamics. The study spans prehistoric societies to contemporary digital technologies, examining the role of reification in shaping our vision.
Barbara Hammer and her team will explore new technologies for secure drinking water supply in cities with the help of 10 million euros from the European Research Council. They are developing controllable artificial intelligence to detect factors putting strain on the system, enabling operators to make informed decisions.
Researchers aim to understand the structure and function of plasmodesmata, key routes for coordinating tasks in plants. They will use state-of-the-art methods like cryo-electron tomography to visualize plasmodesmata's composition and function.
A new study reveals that footballers are conserving energy for intense bursts in games with congested fixture lists. Coaches are also rotating players more frequently to manage fatigue and injury risks, particularly among central defenders. The findings highlight the impact of fixture congestion on player performance and team management.
A collaboration between genome researchers mapped out the virus dispersal, confirming Europe's central role in global spread. The study suggests travel restrictions were too little and too late, with most disease spread via Europe, not directly from China.
A recent study by Aalto University and Finnish Environment Institute shows that shifting to wood in European construction can significantly reduce environmental impact. If 80% of new residential buildings were made of wood, they would store 47% of Europe's annual cement industry emissions.
Research reveals an increase in acute bacterial infections, including gonorrhoea and secondary syphilis, despite reduced attendances at STI centres during the pandemic. Non-acute cases of genital warts and Molluscum Contagiosum fell, highlighting the need for ongoing screening and services.
A global study of ancient dog DNA found at least five different types of dogs more than 11,000 years ago in Europe, the Near East, and Siberia. The research team sequenced DNA from 27 dogs, showing that canine diversity originated when humans were still hunters and gatherers.
The 2020 International Physics Olympiad (IPhO) has been shifted to a distributed format due to the cancellation of the original event in Vilnius. The competition will take place from Dec. 7-15 and is open to teams of five school students or university undergraduates representing various countries.
New discoveries in Northern Spain's Aitzbitarte Caves depict a previously unknown artistic style, consistent with the Gravettian cultural complex found across Europe. The study reveals a more widespread and varied culture than previously thought, spanning over 25,000 years.
Low-cost airlines proved more resilient during the pandemic due to their lower exposure to international long-haul traffic. They operated in regional markets and benefited from consolidation since 2001, increasing their market share from 5.3% to 37.3%.
Researchers from SUTD analyzed strategies employed by countries during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the need for controlled movement, containment through border controls, and efficient testing to prevent transmission. The study emphasizes the importance of a collective global strategy to contain outbreaks effectively.
A study analyzing genomic sequences from historical plague victims suggests that a wildlife reservoir in Eurasia, near Europe's edge, may have seeded epidemics. The research also reveals a common strain responsible for the 1722 Great Plague of Marseille and separate introductions to Scandinavia and the Caucasus region.
Researchers analyzed red and black inks from 100-200 AD papyri, finding lead used as a dryer rather than pigment. The discovery sheds light on complex ink recipes and potential connections to Renaissance paint practices.
Researchers found previously unknown lead compounds in ancient Egyptian red and black inks, suggesting they were used as a drying agent. The discovery challenges previous understanding of ancient lead-based pigments and may indicate widespread use of similar techniques earlier than thought.
Researchers detected iron-based compounds as ocher in ancient red ink, while lead, phosphorus, and sulfur were found in micrometric rings surrounding ocher particles in red ink. Lead compounds also appeared in black inks, likely used as drying agents rather than pigments.
The discovery confirms that African crocodiles of the genus Crocodylus inhabited Europe during the late Miocene, with fossils found in Italy and Spain. The remains suggest a dispersal from Africa to Europe via sea, supported by modern crocodile behavior and anatomical similarities with other extinct species.
The G-VERSITY project develops scientifically sound measures to promote gender diversity in working life, including workshops, guidelines, and training materials. The project also aims to improve career prospects for young researchers through a collaborative European network.
Research on Bronze Age pastoral societies in southern Russia reveals low levels of mobility, contradicting previous assumptions about their migration patterns. The study analyzed skeletal remains to conclude that these communities remained within their ecological areas and relied on word-of-mouth transmission of technical innovations.