Articles tagged with Europe
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study found that approximately 26% of Europeans with severe vision loss have unmet needs for eye care, with the UK figure at around 23%. Poor health, social isolation, smoking, and poverty are associated with higher levels of self-reported severe vision loss.
A recent study published in the European Heart Journal found that more than two-thirds of heart disease deaths worldwide can be prevented through healthier diets. The analysis of global data from 195 countries revealed that unhealthy eating, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol are major contributors to ischaemic heart disease.
A new study found that COVID-19 lockdowns led to significant improvements in air quality, averting an estimated 24,200 premature deaths in China and 2,190 in Europe. The study suggests that strong measures can be implemented to reduce air pollution and mitigate its impact on human health.
The study found that modern humans settled along the Mediterranean coast before expanding into the Sinai desert and eastern Jordanian Rift Valley. Favorable environmental conditions, including a freshwater lake known as Lake Lisan, enabled human settlement and spread throughout the region.
A recent study published in the European Heart Journal - Acute Cardiovascular Care reveals that one in five high-risk patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery will develop one or more heart complications within a year. The study found that patients are at risk for a longer period than previously thought and that measuring troponin...
A new UNIGE study models 100 feasible scenarios to achieve Central European electricity sector targets by 2035. The research highlights trade-offs between cost-efficiency, renewable electricity, and regional equality, suggesting a compromise is possible to share costs and benefits evenly across regions.
Women aged 50 or younger with a heart attack face higher mortality rates compared to their male counterparts. The study found that women were less likely to undergo invasive procedures after admission and to be treated with certain medications upon discharge.
The report analyzes 1217 European incubators and accelerators in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the UK, providing insights into their impact, services, and focus on social entrepreneurship. The study reveals a high number of employees (7165) and a prevalence of corporate and university incubators.
The article highlights the urgent need to protect freshwater biodiversity, with international research team IGB issuing 14 recommendations for political follow-up agreements. The recommendations focus on recognizing inland waters as a separate ecological 'third realm' and improving monitoring and management of freshwater ecosystems.
A new study analyzed 1,435,350 patients with concurrent diabetes and obesity over a 20-year period. Bariatric surgery was found to significantly reduce the prevalence of pancreatic cancer (0.32% vs 0.19%, p<0.05) in obese diabetic patients. The majority of patients who underwent surgery were female.
A new study found that asthma and food hypersensitivity in children are associated with an increased risk of developing irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) during adolescence. Children with IBS were nearly twice as likely to have had asthma, and almost half reported food hypersensitivity.
Delays in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening due to COVID-19 have resulted in a significant increase in deaths, with moderate and large delays causing 3% and 7% increases in advanced stage CRC. Early-stage diagnosis is crucial for optimal patient outcomes.
Fossils found in southeastern Yunan Province, China, reveal monkeys existed in Asia alongside apes, and are believed to be ancestors of modern East Asian monkeys. These ancient primates were well adapted for movement both on land and in trees, with a versatile diet that allowed them to thrive in diverse environments.
A review of COVID-19 policy changes found that pandemic restrictions widened existing gaps in access to abortion services across Europe. Enforced innovations such as telemedicine and home provision of abortion services could reverse this trend and promote long-lasting change for essential health services.
A study conducted by researchers at the University of Copenhagen found that facemask use does not affect indicators of cognitive performance when wearers are resting or performing moderate physical work in normal work-wear in hot environments. Wearing a facemask was shown to make it more difficult to breathe during physical work in a h...
A survey of North Americans and Europeans found that men and young people are less likely to comply with social distancing measures. The study highlights the importance of considering individual differences when developing public health policies.
A review of 35 studies found a lifetime prevalence of 17.4% for suicidal thoughts and 1.8% for attempts among physicians. Geographic region was linked to variations in suicidal behavior rates, with Europe showing higher prevalence than the US.
A new study predicts that alien species will continue to spread globally at an alarming rate, increasing by 36% worldwide by 2050. In Europe, the number of alien species is expected to rise by 64%, with over 2,500 new arrivals predicted.
The MAP Congress 2020 aimed to answer the critical question of how to integrate tumour sample analysis into daily practice. Key findings highlighted actionable mutations in patient DNA for personalized treatment, with expert guidance on molecular targeting and biomarkers.
A new study published in Child Development found that young children conceptualize leadership as a hierarchy based on voluntary deference and respect. Children expected a leader to contribute more to joint goals and withdraw an equal share from common prizes, but judged leaders harsher for not adhering to these behaviors.
A phase 3 clinical trial found that ipilimumab improved progression-free survival by two to three times in patients with metastasized, castration-resistant prostate cancer. The treatment also showed overall survival benefits compared to the placebo arm.
Researchers discovered stone tools dated to the earlier time period in a cave in Portugal, supporting a rapid westward dispersal of modern humans. The finding documents the presence of modern humans in westernmost Europe concurrent with Neanderthals.
The FoodLAND project is developing innovations for local agriculture and aquaculture development in six African countries, aiming to strengthen agro-biodiversity and healthy diets. The project will create a network of 14 local Food Hubs to mobilise actors in rural and urban communities, testing and introducing technological innovations.
A recent study found that preventing coronary heart disease could save nearly $15 billion in GDP due to increased productivity and reduced absenteeism. The study also estimated that preventing just 10% of future cases would result in $1.5 billion in monetary gains
Researchers reveal modern human presence in central Portugal at least 41,100 years ago, contradicting previous timing. The findings suggest a rapid spread into southern Europe after arrival in northern Iberia, with Neanderthal populations dwindling due to environmental factors.
A new mathematical model predicts a second wave of COVID-19 in Europe between July and January 2021, highlighting the importance of human behavior in slowing the pandemic. The model suggests that precise infection rates can be controlled through social distancing, local cluster control, and border measures.
Climate scientists analyzed an ice core to reconstruct WWI environmental conditions, finding unusual ocean air influxes caused torrential rains and cold temperatures. This may have accelerated the spread of the H1N1 influenza virus among humans by water contaminated with bird fecal droppings.
A joint EU conference explores GMOs, emphasizing EU regulation prospects and optimal use of scientific findings for consumer protection. The event features a series of free online webinars with prior registration.
Researchers have developed a method to observe nonlinear x-ray processes in atoms, allowing for detailed insight into molecular motion. This new approach may help steer chemical reactions in desired directions.
A review of policies from nine high-income countries identifies five key factors for strategies to ease lockdown restrictions. Governments should have clear plans with transparent decision-making processes and robust systems in place to monitor the infection situation. For communities to reopen safely, control measures such as face mas...
A prospective cohort study found that cycling was associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk among people with diabetes. The study analyzed data from over 7,500 adults and showed that even short periods of cycling per week can significantly reduce the risk of premature death.
Researchers modelled COVID-19 second wave timings in Europe using data on infection rates and travel, finding peaks likely to occur between July 2020 and January 2021. Social distancing measures could control the timing of these peaks, with earlier peaks expected in countries with higher infection rates.
A research team has successfully sequenced and assembled the Wels catfish genome, which is expected to reveal insights into its remarkable growth rate, appetite, and lifespan. The study's findings will help address bottlenecks in aquaculture and conservation of wild populations.
Facial displays of trustworthiness increased in European portraits between the fourteenth and twenty-first centuries, closely following rising living standards. The study used face-processing software on over 6,000 portraits to validate its findings.
A recent study published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology found that resuming sexual activity within months after a heart attack is positively associated with long-term survival. Maintaining or increasing sexual frequency was linked to a 35% lower risk of death compared to abstaining.
ALS Ventures has closed its first round of investments with a $59M commitment, targeting novel therapeutics in preclinical development. The firm aims to accelerate R&D from discovery stage to late preclinical development.
A new study finds growing acceptance of non-meat diets in both countries, with 44% of French and 58% of Germans willing to try cultured meat. In contrast, only 45% of German respondents identified as full meat-eaters, while 69% in France still consider themselves meat-eaters.
A European survey found that a majority of men and women aged 20-70 do not know what erectile dysfunction (ED) is, with one in four having never heard of ED treatments. The study emphasizes the need for open communication about ED to break the taboo and improve treatment outcomes.
The ERC highlighted its efforts to bridge the gap between world-class science and world-beating companies at the European Research and Innovation Days 2020. The event featured sessions on public engagement with research, frontier research to fight COVID-19, and blue-sky research for an uncertain future.
A study analyzing European Working Conditions Survey data found that men and women experience similar rates of anxiety due to job insecurity. Researchers attribute this similarity to trends towards gender egalitarianism in Europe.
A new study reveals that many primary forests in Europe are not protected and are at risk of being destroyed. The researchers found that only a small percentage of the forest types they assessed had more than half of their old growth strictly protected, highlighting the need for strict conservation protections to be put in place.
This study compares native arteriovenous fistula (AVF) patencies across countries, revealing significant variation in rates and predictors of long-term function. New AVFs that fail to mature successfully associate with increased mortality risk, emphasizing the need for individualized access selection and clinical pathways.
The review highlights the need for clear scientific and pharmaceutical standards when developing live biotherapeutic products. Key challenges include ensuring quality, demonstrating safety, and evaluating efficacy. The PRI's publication provides a framework for stakeholders in microbiome-based product development.
UTA researcher Warda Ashraf is studying long-lasting Roman structures to develop sustainable construction materials. She aims to recreate ancient concrete using alkali-activated calcined clays to produce highly durable and resilient materials.
A commercial-scale farm trial found that slower growing broiler chickens have better health and more positive behaviors than conventional fast-growing breeds. The study suggests that a shift towards slower growing breeds could improve the lives of 142 million chickens produced in Europe every week.
A new database of parliamentarians' tweets from 26 European countries has been compiled, enabling more standardized analyses of politician Twitter use. The database includes tweet IDs from May 2017 to present and could address challenges in cross-border research.
Scientists use European XFEL to observe anomalous dynamics in superheated water, revealing uneven heating and unexpected behavior. The study's results are crucial for planning experiments with heat-sensitive samples.
The study sequenced the genome of 442 bone fragments from the Viking Age and found that Vikings had a lot more genes from Southern and Eastern Europe than anticipated. This suggests that the Vikings frequently interbred with people from other parts of the world, contradicting traditional images of them as Nordic blonds.
A six-year study of over 400 Viking skeletons found that many Vikings had brown hair, not blonde, and were influenced by genes from Asia and Southern Europe. The research also shows that Viking groups in Scandinavia were more isolated than previously believed.
A study published in The BMJ found that eating foods with a poor Nutri-Score score is associated with higher mortality rates from all causes and specific diseases. The findings support the use of Nutri-Score to guide people towards healthier food choices, which could inform discussions on uniform food labelling systems across Europe.
Viking identity was not limited to Scandinavian ancestry, with Scottish and non-Scandinavian ancestry found in some individuals. Gene flow from the British Isles, Southern Europe, and Asia also occurred during the Viking Age.
The study reveals a unique chain migration pattern in common swifts, where populations from southern Europe arrive in Africa before those from northern Europe, driven by food availability. This adaptation allows the species to ensure continuous access to energy-rich insects, enabling them to survive for over 20 years.
Primary forests in Europe are scarce and irreplaceable, requiring top priority protection. Restoration is a viable option where no primary forests remain, storing carbon and benefiting biodiversity. An expansion of protected areas by just 1% can suffice to safeguard most remaining primary forests.
The Smart Efficient Compression, Reliability and Energy Targets (SECRET) project aims to reduce leakages in rotating machinery by 20% and improve efficiency of oil-free screw compressors by 2%. The partnership will also contribute to advances in Industry 4.0 and the European Union's Global Net Zero CO2 emissions directive.
A high-resolution map of European forest canopy openings has been created, showing a 17% loss of canopy in 30 years. The size of openings varies widely by region, with Spain's largest opening being 17,000 hectares due to a single fire.
Researchers found that human activity such as habitat change and overhunting are responsible for the overwhelming loss of mammal diversity across Latin America. More than half of species in medium and large mammals have died out since European colonization.
Research shows that appointing a new leader just before an election leads to a higher turnover of MPs across Europe. The study analyzed statistics from 251 parties between 1945 and 2015, finding that the proportion of new and re-elected MPs is almost 5 percentage points higher for parties with a new leadership.
People with underlying endocrine diseases are at higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 and experiencing worse outcomes. COVID-19 is also associated with long-term effects on the hormone system, including weight loss and muscle mass loss.
A recent study published in the European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing found that heart attack patients who exhibit hostile behavior are at a higher risk of dying from a second heart attack. The study, which included over 2,300 heart attack survivors, suggests that improving hostile behaviors could be a positive move for patients.
The European ReIReS network has launched an online database offering improved access to research material and sources on Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The database combines the rich collections of various European institutions, providing a single platform for researchers to search and reuse data.