Articles tagged with Europe
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study shows that direct-acting antiviral therapy can improve the condition of patients with severe liver damage and hepatitis C, reducing their need for a liver transplant. The treatment improved the outlook for 35% of patients, allowing them to be removed from the transplant list or no longer require a transplant.
Researchers found that Greek dancing improved jumping ability, muscular strength, and lower limb endurance in cardiac rehabilitation programs. Patients who participated in the study jumped higher and faster, had stronger legs, and could walk further, demonstrating more endurance.
The European Research Council has awarded €647 million in funding to 277 senior researchers, enabling them to pursue innovative projects with potentially significant impacts on science and society. The grants, worth up to €2.5 million each, will support research in various fields, including life sciences, social sciences, and humanities.
Patients with severe liver disease face increased risk of death when treated with DAAs, according to a new study. The study highlights the need for individualized discussions between healthcare professionals and patients regarding treatment options.
A new study finds that universal screening for alcohol misuse among hospital admissions can identify patients at greatest risk and provide targeted treatment, reducing the healthcare burden of alcohol-related harm. The UK researchers screened over 53,000 admissions and found that simple screening is achievable and effective in targetin...
A study found that co-administered vaccines against HCV and HIV did not impair the magnitude or breadth of either specific T-cell responses. This approach, known as prime-boost, showed potent T-cell responses in healthy volunteers.
A research team used traditional techniques to create replicas of ritual headdresses made by hunter-gatherers 11,000 years ago in North Western Europe. The study suggests that expedient manufacturing techniques were employed, involving packing the skull with damp clay and placing it in a bed of embers.
A study by the University of the Basque Country found that the economic crisis has worsened the lives of homeless people, especially those who are foreign. The research revealed a rise in homelessness, primarily due to difficulties accessing jobs and cuts to financial aid, leading to increased duration of integration into society.
A doctor warns that many Europeans are denied access to healthcare, with two-thirds of migrants having no access and four in five unable to see a GP. The doctor calls for governments to honour their humanitarian obligations and provide care to those in need.
Suresh Senan, a renowned expert in radiation oncology, has been awarded the Heine H. Hansen Award for his pioneering work in lung cancer therapy and research. The award recognizes his significant contributions to the field of lung cancer on an international basis.
A joint North European and North American study highlights the importance of continuous evaluations in ecological restoration projects. The researchers emphasize the need for documenting experiences, conclusions, and lessons learned to improve future projects.
Recent research reveals that Easter Island's culture was affected by droughts and wet seasons, which influenced population dynamics and cultural exchange. Complete sedimentary samples show a continuous record of the last 3000 years, shedding light on the island's ecological and cultural development.
Experts advocate for Canadian-specific guidelines for athlete screening to detect cardiovascular diseases and prevent sudden cardiac deaths. The American Heart Association and European Society of Cardiology have conflicting recommendations on routine ECG screening, highlighting the need for a unified approach.
The number of adults with diabetes has quadrupled since 1980, with significant increases in low and middle income countries. The study's findings highlight the urgent need for effective action to reduce the health and economic impact of diabetes.
A warming climate is expanding Europe's seasonal window for mosquito-borne dengue fever, posing a significant global health concern. The study found that increased temperatures will intensify the ability of Aedes mosquitoes to transmit the disease, putting much of Europe at risk of seasonal outbreaks by the end of the century.
A Kansas State University study finds a naturally occurring mutation in the myxoma virus weakens it and allows rabbits to resist infection. The researchers hope this discovery will aid in understanding pathogen evolution and predicting which viruses pose threats to humans.
Veronika Sexl will focus on finding new ways to inhibit the kinase-independent function of CDK6, a key enzyme in tumor development. The €2.5 million ERC grant aims to develop targeted cancer drugs.
Scientists have discovered a new species of dark-winged fungus gnat in Germany's Alexander Koenig Museum garden, characterized by its unique reddish, black, and yellowish-white hues. The species was identified through DNA barcoding and shows strong connections to New Zealand relatives.
Researchers have discovered a complex 4-step process for gypsum formation, opening the way to more energy-efficient production of Plaster of Paris. This breakthrough could also aid in understanding past water availability on Mars and other planets.
A recent study published in Science Advances found a striking absence of pre-Columbian genetic lineages in modern Indigenous Americans, suggesting extinction with the arrival of Europeans. The research reconstructed ancient DNA from 92 pre-Columbian mummies and skeletons, revealing a separation that appeared as early as 9000 years ago.
Chlamydia infection rates have increased across Europe, with young people particularly affected. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control recommends developing national strategies for prevention and effective treatment of those infected and their partners to control the disease.
Researchers aim to spare people with type 1 diabetes from lifelong insulin therapy by developing three-dimensional cellular structures of insulin-producing cells. The EU-funded project plans to work with pharmaceutical industry partners to mass-produce the cells for transplantation.
The world is experiencing a shift in global body mass index (BMI) trends, with more people becoming obese than underweight. By 2025, around a fifth of adults worldwide are projected to be obese, with over 6% of men and 9% of women expected to be severely obese.
PharmaMar's Aplidin (plitidepsin) demonstrates a statistically significant reduction in multiple myeloma progression or death, meeting primary endpoint. The study enrolled 255 patients across 19 countries and showed promising results.
A study by Durham University found that climate change is having a similar impact on common bird populations worldwide. Species favored by changing climates outperformed those disadvantaged by warming trends over a 30-year period from 1980 to 2010.
Global research collaborations study harlequin ladybird's invasion history and ecology, highlighting its ability to thrive in various habitats. Citizen science projects provide valuable information on the spread of invasive alien species, inspiring new approaches to surveying and monitoring.
A new European study projects a 15% increase in storm surge levels by 2100 under high-emissions scenarios. Coastal areas with high population density face significant threats from rising sea levels and increased storminess.
The first European Astrobiology Roadmap has been published, outlining five key research topics and recommending a platform for interdisciplinary collaboration. The roadmap prioritizes the study of life in the Solar System and beyond, including habitability, origins of organic compounds, and biosignatures.
Cell therapy is an emerging medical science focusing on innovative therapeutic approaches to treat blood diseases and infections. The EBMT Cellular Therapy and Immunobiology Working Party aims to foster cellular therapy in Europe by promoting exchanges, cooperation, and the development of new technologies.
The EU-funded FP7 project EU BON shares stakeholder roundtable reports, providing insights on policy, citizen science, and local/regional stakeholders. The reports outline conclusions on biodiversity information, open-access availability, data workflows, and integration of citizen science.
Experts from the European Respiratory Society call for improved TB care for refugees to control and eliminate the disease. They emphasize the need for quality surveillance, monitoring, evaluation, and research among this group of people to prevent a rise in new cases.
Researchers created a European-scale map of wildland-urban areas to predict fire risk, finding that regions with high WUI areas are more prone to catastrophic large wildfires. The study highlights the need for local authorities to prioritize fire risk control and develop better forest fire management strategies in high-risk areas.
A new study found that endocrine-disrupting chemicals may contribute to reproductive health problems, including uterine fibroids and endometriosis, affecting millions of women worldwide. The estimated cost of these conditions in the European Union is €1.4 billion annually.
A new study maps the global spread of Zika, linking it to two mosquito species that can effectively carry the disease, including Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Cities in the US, Europe, and Asia are at risk, with Miami and Houston among the highest-risk areas.
A £1.1 million international study, funded by a European Research Council Starting Grant, aims to solve the conflict between food security and biodiversity conservation. The ConFooBio study will produce a new model to predict and resolve these conflicts in seven locations across the Arctic, UK, Europe, and Africa.
A large-scale genomic study found that the Shigella dysenteriae pathogen, responsible for life-threatening bloody diarrhea, originated in Europe. The bacterium was transmitted to other continents via human migration and military operations, leading to devastating epidemics worldwide.
EMPIAR provides valuable data for developing new approaches to data processing and interpretation, facilitating archiving and quality control. The resource accommodates large datasets, including four related 3D SEM entries showing different stages of infection by a malaria parasite.
A new study reveals that older types of arthritis medicine, like Diclofenac, are associated with an increased risk of heart attacks, similar to other NSAID types taken off the market. The study recommends reduced consumption and alternative treatments for patients at high risk of cardiovascular diseases.
A record number of 40,829 hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCT) were performed globally in 2014, with 36,469 patients treated. This represents a continued increase in HSCT rates, both allogeneic and autologous, over the past two decades.
Research by McGill University and the University of Rhode Island reveals that wind patterns change along with sea-surface temperatures, masking the impact on Western Europe's wintertime temperatures. The study suggests that distinct atmospheric pathways may be hiding the ocean oscillation from Europe in winter.
Scientists have found that repeated storms in 2013/14 were the most energetic to hit western Europe in almost seven decades, leading to extensive beach and dune erosion. The research also shows a growing trend of stormy conditions with potential changes to beaches along the continent.
A study of 200 European forests across six countries found that species-rich forests provide a higher number and variety of services, including air filtration, carbon sequestration, and water supply. The researchers recommend transforming forests into mixed stands to increase biodiversity and ecosystem resilience.
Patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation who practiced yoga for 12 weeks experienced improved quality of life, lower heart rates, and decreased blood pressure compared to those in a control group. Yoga may provide patients with AF a method to gain self-control over their symptoms.
A new survey found significant country-to-country differences in kidney transplant donation rates, varying by up to 35 donors per million population. The variation is attributed to different legal and social standards across Europe, with some countries having more generous organ donation schemes than others.
The European Solar Telescope (EST) has been selected for a strategic scientific installation in Europe, aimed at studying solar phenomena with unprecedented accuracy. The four-meter diameter telescope will enable researchers to understand the magnetic activity of the sun and violent eruptions affecting terrestrial communications.
A new treatment advance has significantly lowered the risk of disease progression or death among patients with previously treated, advanced midgut neuroendocrine tumors. The novel drug Lutetium-DOTATATE has been found to offer an 80% reduced risk of disease progression or death compared to octreotide LAR.
A European-funded study found that a nutritional drink can help conserve memory and reduce brain shrinkage in people with prodromal Alzheimer's disease. While the primary endpoint was not met, significant differences were observed for hippocampal and whole-brain atrophy, as well as improvements in CDR Sum of Boxes and episodic memory.
The €7 million Tools for Assessment and Planning of Aquaculture Sustainability (TAPAS) project will create cost-efficient management tools to investigate sustainability in European aquaculture. The study aims to enhance environment sustainability, aquatic food security, and support transparent and efficient licensing.
Research reveals widespread use of meldonium among elite athletes, with up to 490 athletes taking the substance during the Baku 2015 European Games. The study highlights that meldonium was detected in athletes competing in 15 out of 21 sports and that its use was significantly underreported.
The first vertebrate to be sequenced in Spain, the Turbot has a highly developed sense of sight due to adapting to low light conditions. Its genes show high levels of fat in cellular membranes for cold tolerance, and researchers aim to use this knowledge for genetic selection programs and possible vaccines.
A recent study by University of Massachusetts Amherst researchers suggests that the destruction of oyster reefs in New York Harbor led to a significant increase in storm-induced overwash deposition. The authors found that before European settlement, oyster beds absorbed wave energy, providing coastal protection.
A University of Cincinnati researcher is studying nearly 3,000 patients to see if a genetic variant that protects against HIV also prevents injury from Hepatitis C. The study aims to understand how inhibition of the CCR5 receptor may influence liver injury and disease progression in individuals co-infected with HIV and hepatitis C.
A recent study found that mainstream political parties in Europe have failed to respond to growing public skepticism of the EU, allowing nationalist groups to gain more power. The financial crisis and migration crisis have further eroded support for European integration.
The STARS4ALL project aims to reduce light pollution in European night landscapes, promoting environmental protection and economic savings. The initiative includes 10 projects, such as broadcasting astronomical events, creating a logo for sustainable lighting, and involving citizens in change-making movements.
Takotsubo syndrome, also known as broken heart syndrome, can be triggered by both sad and happy emotional events. Researchers found that 20 patients developed the condition after a happy event, while 465 had occurred after sad and stressful events.
Scientists have made a breakthrough in understanding enzymes that break down tough biomass, crucial for producing biofuels from renewable sources. The discovery could lead to improved efficiency and environmental sustainability in industrial biofuel production.
A recent study found that Fitbit-Flex is a valid and reliable device for monitoring physical activity, particularly in cardiac patients. The device accurately tracks step counts and minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity, making it a valuable tool for clinicians and researchers.
A University of Leeds study reveals EU policies have reduced air pollution across Europe, preventing an estimated 80,000 premature deaths per year. The findings demonstrate a 35% decrease in fine particles since 1970, significantly improving public health.
Fiona Watt receives the 2016 FEBS | EMBO Women in Science Award for uncovering mechanisms controlling mammalian epidermal stem cell renewal and differentiation. Her work also investigates the role of inflammation, physical forces, and epigenetics in skin stem cell behavior.
Researchers from Swiss and German institutions analyzed truffle samples for radioactivity 30 years after Chernobyl. The study found negligible amounts of radioactive caesium in Burgundy truffles, making them safe for consumption. The results suggest that the unique nutrient uptake mechanism of Tuber aestivum may be responsible for this...