Articles tagged with Europe
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The study reveals high genetic diversity of TB strains in Ethiopia, suggesting that Europeans introduced a new wave of virulent strains. The findings contradict the long-held 'virgin soil hypothesis' and shed light on past epidemics of TB.
The EU-funded project aims to lay the groundwork for 3D genomics by standardizing experiments, storing data, and developing protocols. The goal is to move from 1D genomic studies to understanding DNA structure and function in a 3D context.
The new Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications (CVIA) journal has published its first issue, featuring a special focus on heart failure. Key findings include strategies to reduce heart failure readmission rates and the use of noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring for improved management.
Chagas disease is a life-threatening illness caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. In Spain, Latin American migrants are at high risk due to mother-to-child transmission, with an estimated 50,000-70,000 people infected. Screening is crucial to detect heart abnormalities early and prevent sudden cardiac death.
The GEO-CRADLE consortium coordinates regional institutions to support effective integration of Earth Observation (EO) capacities, modeling, and data exploitation skills. The project provides a roadmap for implementing GEOSS and Copernicus in the region, with a focus on climate change, food security, access to raw materials and energy.
A study by Professor Olivier Bauer found that Montreal's culinary heritage is influenced by Jewish cultural heritage, with bagels and smoked meat becoming iconic symbols of the city. The researcher notes that these foods have become popular among workers and tourists alike, despite their Jewish origins.
Researchers found evidence of cold climate when Vikings arrived in Greenland, contradicting popular notion that warm weather drew settlers. The study adds to evidence that the Medieval Warm Period was not a global phenomenon.
Injuries have fallen by almost a third since 1990, with car crashes, self-harm, and falls making up the top causes, while fracture injuries require hospital admission. The global injury toll remains high but decreased in most regions, prompting researchers to conclude that the world is becoming safer.
Researchers found that feral cats in Australia originated from European settlers' pets, introducing a damaging invasive species. The study's findings have implications for managing invasive species, as they determined a specific time frame for cat introduction linked to native species decline.
The University of Huddersfield has made a significant recording of the ancient Celtic instrument carnyx, featuring John Kenny's compositions and improvisations. The project, part of the European Music Archaeology Project (EMAP), aims to recreate prehistoric music and showcase its importance in understanding European heritage.
The EurocanPlatform project has led to the establishment of Cancer Core Europe, a long-term initiative between six leading cancer centers aiming to create a single virtual 'e-hospital' with powerful translational platforms. This will provide robust computational biology pipelines and standardized imaging for personalized cancer medicine.
The study reveals that traffic is the largest source of urban air pollution, responsible for 25% of particulate matter. Domestic fuel burning and industrial activities also contribute significantly to air pollution, with regional variations observed.
A new study suggests that many Europeans experience despondent and stressed feelings during the pre-Christmas period, but Christians, particularly those with high religious affiliation, tend to be more positive and content. Higher education levels and family presence also help individuals cope with the holiday stress.
A polypill combining three cardio-protective medicines has been approved in 15 European countries and is being commercialized across Europe. The innovative approach aims to reduce societal burden and improve patient treatment, with the focus on increasing adherence to prescribed medication.
A European study reveals alcohol-related conditions significantly contribute to socioeconomic inequality in total mortality among men in some countries. Rates of alcohol-related mortality are highest in individuals with less education or manual occupations across 17 European countries. The disparities are particularly pronounced in Eas...
European climate projections suggest enhanced probability of heatwaves in the coming decades, comparable to the worst heatwave since 1950 in Russia. The analysis shows that previous records were broken in 2010, with a similar heatwave expected at least once in 30 years under certain climate scenarios.
A new study has found that personally tailored diabetes care reduces mortality in women, but not men. The structured approach may be more effective for women due to their greater acceptance of disease management and less emphasis on self-directed learning.
Scientists have developed a new method to model heat wave magnitude, indicating that extreme heat events will increase in severity and number over the next two decades. The Heat Wave Magnitude Index daily (HWMId) takes into account both duration and intensity of heat waves.
Patients with coronary artery disease spend an average of eight hours each day sitting despite exercising, according to research published in the European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention. Women tend to be less sedentary than men, but both have poorer health outcomes when sitting for long periods.
Patients with coronary artery disease spend an average of eight hours each day sitting, which is related to higher BMI and lower cardiorespiratory fitness. Limiting sedentary behaviors can improve health alongside regular exercise.
Healthcare professionals across Europe are urged to address alcohol misuse and dependence to prevent colorectal cancer (CRC). A growing European primary care study highlights the need for family doctors to identify and treat hazardous drinkers.
The study, published in European Journal of Physics, uses classic work on 'water bells' to explain why the falling curtain of chocolate pulls inwards. Surface tension is the primary force responsible for this phenomenon.
A recent study found that neural tube defects in Europe have not declined substantially over the past 20 years, despite long-standing recommendations for folic acid supplements. The study analyzed data from 11,000 cases and suggested that mandatory fortification of food staples with folic acid could be an effective means of prevention.
In Gipuzkoa province, bird poaching continues to pose a threat to biodiversity conservation, with dozens of birds arriving at rehabilitation centers with firearm-inflicted wounds. Researchers analyzed data from 2006 to 2013 and found that the spatial distribution of shot birds was concentrated around fixed hunting stands.
Chapman University associate professor Hesham El-Askary is the regional coordinator for a €3 million European Union Grant. The project, GEO-CRADLE, aims to strengthen earth observation networks in the region, addressing specific challenges affecting global understanding of climate and natural resources.
Researchers analyzed ancient human DNA to understand genetic changes during farming's introduction in Europe. They found variants associated with height, lactose digestion and immune function, supporting the idea that early farmers adapted to their new diet.
A study by the University of the Basque Country found that global cities have a greater economic significance than countries. Cities with strong economic and political leadership, as well as innovative activity, are more competitive. The top-ranking cities include London, Paris, Tokyo, Madrid, Barcelona, and Milan.
A new study found that many European hospitals fail to routinely test patients at risk of HIV infection, missing out on diagnosing nearly two-thirds of those living with the condition. In Northern Europe, this results in a significantly lower test rate compared to Eastern Europe.
The TATORT-NSTEMI trial found no significant difference in major adverse cardiac events at 12 months between thrombectomy and standard PCI in NSTEMI patients. Thrombus aspiration also did not affect quality of life or functional class.
Despite improvements in antidote availability, many UK hospitals still lack essential stocks for treating poisoned patients. The study found that only 20 out of 22 category A and B antidotes were stocked within the recommended time in over 78% of hospitals.
Researchers have linked the Irish potato famine pathogen to a fungus-like organism from South America using ancient DNA. The study suggests that early European activities in the New World led to the origin of this devastating pathogen.
Researchers sequenced ancient genomes from Late Upper Palaeolithic period, revealing a new strand of European hunter-gatherer ancestry. The discovery provides insights into the genetic history of modern populations in Europe and beyond.
A new lineage of ancient European ancestry, originating from hunter-gatherers isolated by the Ice Age, has been discovered. This 'fourth strand' is found in modern populations across Europe and beyond, with significant influence on Indian genetics.
Archaeologists have discovered evidence of beeswax use dating back to the Neolithic period in Anatolia, with finds spanning from 7000 to 4900 BCE. The study reveals that beeswax was used for various purposes, including tools, rituals, cosmetics, and medicine.
The study highlights the main pathways of alien species introduction in European lakes and rivers, including escape from aquaculture facilities and pet/aquarium trade releases. It emphasizes the need for stricter regulation and control measures to mitigate these threats and achieve the Aichi Biodiversity Target 9.
The study suggests that primitive North American mammoths emerged around 2-1.5 million years ago (MYA), originating from Asia via the Bering Strait. This new understanding challenges previous assumptions about the evolutionary timeline of North American Columbian mammoths.
A Swedish registry study found that mechanical heart valve prosthesis has superior long-term survival rates compared to biological valve prosthesis, particularly for relatively young patients. The risk of stroke was similar for both types of prostheses, but patients with biological valves were more likely to require re-operation.
Researchers detected beeswax in ancient pottery vessels from over 150 European archaeological sites, indicating a widespread association between early farmers and honeybees. This discovery pushes back the chronology of human-honeybee association to substantially earlier dates.
The project aims to shed light on EU-Turkey relations, explore Turkey's historical role, and develop scenarios for future relations, including potential partnerships and membership. The research will create a basis for policy recommendations and inform EU-Turkey relations.
Researchers have found that monitoring farmland biodiversity across Europe can be done at a modest share of the Common Agricultural Policy budget, with costs ranging from 0.01% to 2.48% of the total budget.
The new atlas uses tree rings to map severe droughts and wet periods across Europe, parts of North Africa, and the Middle East over 2,000 years. It fills a major geographic gap in climate data, helping scientists pinpoint causes of drought and extreme rainfall.
Hypersexuality correlated with sexual boredom and erectile dysfunction in a study of Croatian and German men. Therapies for hypersexual men may include sex therapy principles to enhance erectile functioning and address sexual boredom.
A new €23 million initiative, EAVI2020, accelerates the search for an effective HIV vaccine by uniting leading researchers from across Europe and beyond. The project aims to develop protective and therapeutic vaccines through collaborative efforts.
The EU has allocated €3 million for a design study on a European plasma research accelerator, which aims to develop a new technology for particle acceleration. The EuPRAXIA project will produce a conceptual design report for the world's first five Giga-Electronvolts plasma-based accelerator.
A team of researchers has discovered the fungus that causes white-nose syndrome in caves where bats hibernate in northeast China. The finding greatly expands the known distribution of the fungus, which has decimated bat populations in North America since its appearance in upstate New York in 2006.
A new study reveals that internationally produced films are more likely to depict characters smoking on screen compared to those made in Hollywood. The research found that up to 97% of films worldwide showed some level of tobacco or alcohol consumption, with a higher prevalence in European and Latin American productions.
A recent study found that nearly three-quarters of stroke patients in China have hypertension, with high levels of LDL cholesterol, diabetes, and smoking also prevalent. The research emphasizes the importance of adopting a healthy lifestyle and controlling risk factors to prevent strokes and cardiovascular disease.
The discovery of an ancient Iberian lynx specimen provides new insights into the evolution and origins of this endangered feline species. The fossil remains, dated to 1.6-1.7 million years ago, reveal a larger and heavier body than the modern species.
Italian scientists discover higher blood levels of zonulin in patients with non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), suggesting a role for the protein in developing these conditions. The findings may lead to new treatment strategies for NCGS and IBS.
A new technique developed by Polish scientists uses geometric morphometry to identify the European corn borer by analyzing the arrangement of veins in its wings. The method achieved an accuracy of 97% and has the potential to be used by farmers to control the pest at optimal times.
New risk profiling approach aims to detect GI cancers, such as oesophageal adenocarcinoma, in early stages. The five-tier strategy involves lifestyle changes, non-invasive testing, and genetic analysis to tailor screening and prevention options for each individual.
Experts at UEG Week 2015 reveal compelling evidence of the link between excess body weight and colorectal cancer risk. Men who gained at least 10 cm in waist circumference over 10 years experienced a nearly 60% increased CRC risk, with obesity doubling this risk for those with Lynch Syndrome.
Recent policy changes in Europe's agricultural sector could lead to higher sugar prices, increased production of high-fructose corn syrup, and more affordable sugary foods. This may disproportionately affect lower socioeconomic groups and widen health inequalities.
EMBO has selected 23 young researchers as its latest cohort of Young Investigators, representing ten countries and covering various fields of research. The programme offers benefits such as funding, access to core facilities, and professional development opportunities to support their careers.
Researchers found nearly four in five patients with a specific mutation carried out blackouts, yet only 26% received correct diagnosis and treatment. The study highlights the need for proper medical attention if symptoms occur, as delayed diagnosis can be fatal.
Researchers discovered evidence of plague infections in humans 4,800 years ago using DNA sequencing from ancient tooth samples. The Yersinia pestis lineage is believed to have acquired key virulence genes around 3,700-3,000 years ago, allowing it to spread via fleas.
A large dataset of bird sightings across Europe shows that some species benefit from warmer winters and more productive spring times, while others decline due to changing conditions. The study suggests that climate change will favor some species over others, with the most vulnerable being those adapted to colder regions.
Scientists uncover European roller's migratory routes, resting areas and wintering grounds, revealing key areas of conservation importance. The study highlights the species' fragile state of conservation and the impact of human activities on its migration patterns.
A new study suggests that companies don't always learn from their experiences, but instead self-select successful activities to repeat. This is particularly true for infrequent and complex business activities like new product introductions, where learning may be negligible.
A new study finds that the US, EU, and China's pledges to reduce emissions leave little room for other nations, requiring them to adopt drastic reductions. The researchers argue that even if the top emitters fulfill their pledges, global temperatures will rise by around 3C, posing a significant threat to the planet.