Science and research news from across Europe. Covers major discoveries, university leadership, disease burden and costs, and research policy in the region.
Researchers detected beeswax in ancient pottery vessels from over 150 European archaeological sites, indicating a widespread association between early farmers and honeybees. This discovery pushes back the chronology of human-honeybee association to substantially earlier dates.
The project aims to shed light on EU-Turkey relations, explore Turkey's historical role, and develop scenarios for future relations, including potential partnerships and membership. The research will create a basis for policy recommendations and inform EU-Turkey relations.
Researchers have found that monitoring farmland biodiversity across Europe can be done at a modest share of the Common Agricultural Policy budget, with costs ranging from 0.01% to 2.48% of the total budget.
The new atlas uses tree rings to map severe droughts and wet periods across Europe, parts of North Africa, and the Middle East over 2,000 years. It fills a major geographic gap in climate data, helping scientists pinpoint causes of drought and extreme rainfall.
Hypersexuality correlated with sexual boredom and erectile dysfunction in a study of Croatian and German men. Therapies for hypersexual men may include sex therapy principles to enhance erectile functioning and address sexual boredom.
A new €23 million initiative, EAVI2020, accelerates the search for an effective HIV vaccine by uniting leading researchers from across Europe and beyond. The project aims to develop protective and therapeutic vaccines through collaborative efforts.
The EU has allocated €3 million for a design study on a European plasma research accelerator, which aims to develop a new technology for particle acceleration. The EuPRAXIA project will produce a conceptual design report for the world's first five Giga-Electronvolts plasma-based accelerator.
A team of researchers has discovered the fungus that causes white-nose syndrome in caves where bats hibernate in northeast China. The finding greatly expands the known distribution of the fungus, which has decimated bat populations in North America since its appearance in upstate New York in 2006.
A new study reveals that internationally produced films are more likely to depict characters smoking on screen compared to those made in Hollywood. The research found that up to 97% of films worldwide showed some level of tobacco or alcohol consumption, with a higher prevalence in European and Latin American productions.
A recent study found that nearly three-quarters of stroke patients in China have hypertension, with high levels of LDL cholesterol, diabetes, and smoking also prevalent. The research emphasizes the importance of adopting a healthy lifestyle and controlling risk factors to prevent strokes and cardiovascular disease.
The discovery of an ancient Iberian lynx specimen provides new insights into the evolution and origins of this endangered feline species. The fossil remains, dated to 1.6-1.7 million years ago, reveal a larger and heavier body than the modern species.
Italian scientists discover higher blood levels of zonulin in patients with non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), suggesting a role for the protein in developing these conditions. The findings may lead to new treatment strategies for NCGS and IBS.
A new technique developed by Polish scientists uses geometric morphometry to identify the European corn borer by analyzing the arrangement of veins in its wings. The method achieved an accuracy of 97% and has the potential to be used by farmers to control the pest at optimal times.
New risk profiling approach aims to detect GI cancers, such as oesophageal adenocarcinoma, in early stages. The five-tier strategy involves lifestyle changes, non-invasive testing, and genetic analysis to tailor screening and prevention options for each individual.
Experts at UEG Week 2015 reveal compelling evidence of the link between excess body weight and colorectal cancer risk. Men who gained at least 10 cm in waist circumference over 10 years experienced a nearly 60% increased CRC risk, with obesity doubling this risk for those with Lynch Syndrome.
Recent policy changes in Europe's agricultural sector could lead to higher sugar prices, increased production of high-fructose corn syrup, and more affordable sugary foods. This may disproportionately affect lower socioeconomic groups and widen health inequalities.
EMBO has selected 23 young researchers as its latest cohort of Young Investigators, representing ten countries and covering various fields of research. The programme offers benefits such as funding, access to core facilities, and professional development opportunities to support their careers.
Researchers found nearly four in five patients with a specific mutation carried out blackouts, yet only 26% received correct diagnosis and treatment. The study highlights the need for proper medical attention if symptoms occur, as delayed diagnosis can be fatal.
Researchers discovered evidence of plague infections in humans 4,800 years ago using DNA sequencing from ancient tooth samples. The Yersinia pestis lineage is believed to have acquired key virulence genes around 3,700-3,000 years ago, allowing it to spread via fleas.
A large dataset of bird sightings across Europe shows that some species benefit from warmer winters and more productive spring times, while others decline due to changing conditions. The study suggests that climate change will favor some species over others, with the most vulnerable being those adapted to colder regions.
Scientists uncover European roller's migratory routes, resting areas and wintering grounds, revealing key areas of conservation importance. The study highlights the species' fragile state of conservation and the impact of human activities on its migration patterns.
A new study suggests that companies don't always learn from their experiences, but instead self-select successful activities to repeat. This is particularly true for infrequent and complex business activities like new product introductions, where learning may be negligible.
A new study finds that the US, EU, and China's pledges to reduce emissions leave little room for other nations, requiring them to adopt drastic reductions. The researchers argue that even if the top emitters fulfill their pledges, global temperatures will rise by around 3C, posing a significant threat to the planet.
Researchers found that people tend to choose mates with similar genomic ancestries, leading to stronger assortative mating patterns. This phenomenon may have implications for genetic disease perpetuation and health benefits.
A new study suggests that carbon sequestration in European cropland could store between 9-38 megatons of CO2 per year, but its effectiveness is limited due to potential emissions leakage. The research highlights the need for additional mitigation efforts to achieve global climate goals
Scientists have identified a new bacterium, Dehalogenimonas, that can transform toxic organochlorine compounds into harmless products. The discovery opens the door to bioaugmentation, a low-cost technique for eliminating contaminants from contaminated aquifers.
A study found that pacemaker checks can identify asymptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF), allowing for early initiation of anticoagulation to prevent strokes. The research involved 223 patients who received a pacemaker and showed that nearly all with undiagnosed AF needed anticoagulation to reduce stroke risk.
Researchers studied sleeping patterns among Hadza of Tanzania, San of Namibia, and Tsimane of Bolivia, finding that these groups slept an average of six hours and 25 minutes per night, similar to what humans evolved to have. No evidence suggests a negative impact on health.
The 2015 European Resuscitation Council guidelines provide detailed advice on treating cardiac arrest and continue treatment after the heart is restarted. The guidelines emphasize the importance of bystander CPR and recommend specific chest compression rates.
A study found that low physical activity was responsible for 17% of cardiovascular deaths in Argentina, with effects greater in women. Engaging in at least 30 minutes of brisk walking 5 days a week may reduce cardiovascular mortality, especially in women and those younger than 70 years old.
A survey of 440 female inmates and 133 prison staff found specific needs, including low self-esteem, lack of education, and past abuse. FEFI project recommendations focus on holistic reintegration through education and training programs.
A study by the University of Melbourne found a significant disparity in bowel cancer deaths between European men and women. Lifestyle factors such as diet, smoking, and alcohol consumption are linked to higher rates of bowel cancer in men. The researchers suggest that countries with high levels of screening have seen substantial reduct...
A team of biologists from OIST and University of Hong Kong analyzed a database of modern and fossil ants to determine their geographical distribution. The study reveals that ancient European ants were more similar to South East Asian modern ants than European counterparts.
A study found that European health regulations led to a significant change in the Galician wolf's diet, with a decrease in carrion consumption and an increase in the consumption of wild ungulates like roe deer and wild boars. The wolves' dietary shift has implications for their conservation and coexistence with humans.
A new capsule form of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been shown to be well-tolerated and effective in resolving diarrhoea in patients with difficult-to-treat C difficile infection. The study found a 90% rate of symptom resolution, suggesting that FMT could potentially supersede antibiotics as a treatment option.
A study published in The BMJ reveals significant disparities in bowel cancer mortality rates across Europe, with notable variations between men and women and different regions. Colorectal cancer mortality has decreased in many European countries over the past two decades, but important differences remain.
The October issue of Health Affairs explores global health experiences to inform US policy, particularly on addressing risk selection and premium rates. Studies examine strategies used by European countries to reduce high costs, such as quality skimping and flexible premium rates.
A new study describes three new species of fruit flies, including A. minor, A. summissus, and A. unicus, which are potential biological control agents and pests of economically important crop plants. The research also provides a revision of the genus Acanthiophilus and sheds light on its phylogeny.
The new guidelines promise to improve the detection of life-threatening tumors and reduce unnecessary biopsies, with the potential to save lives. The standards for acquiring and reporting MRI scans will be widely adopted, making it easier for doctors to identify significant cancers.
Opioid misuse is a major burden on the European drug treatment system, with a decline in new heroin treatment clients since 2007. Drug injection remains a key driver of HIV transmission and overdose deaths, particularly among older users. New psychoactive substances are increasingly reported, posing a growing concern for public health.
A team of scientists has created the most extensive catalogue of structural variations in human genomes, revealing over 200 missing genes and demonstrating that these changes are common risk factors for disease. The study's findings will help guide future research on genetics, evolution, and disease diagnosis.
The Pan-European Species-directories Infrastructure (PESI) project provides a harmonized taxonomic reference system and high-quality data sets to efficiently handle big taxonomic data. It integrates five pillars, including knowledge, consensus, standards, data, and dissemination, to standardize taxonomic information across platforms.
A phase I trial of rovalpituzumab tesirine has shown promising results in treating small cell lung cancer, with 34% of patients experiencing a partial response and 31% experiencing disease stabilisation. The drug targets DLL3, a protein highly expressed in SCLCs.
Researchers have defined three distinct types of severe asthma using biological data, enabling the development of tailored drugs and improved treatment. The study's findings aim to provide personalized medicine for severe asthma sufferers.
Researchers found that lung transplant patients living on or near busy roads with high levels of air pollution are more likely to die or experience chronic organ rejection compared to those in less polluted areas. Taking macrolides, a class of antibiotics, may protect against the devastating effects of air pollution.
A study found that fingerprint characteristics can identify an individual's ancestral background, with significant differences between European American and African American ancestry. Researchers analyzed right index-finger fingerprints of 243 individuals from diverse backgrounds to determine if patterns were specific to sex or ancestry.
A combination of dabrafenib and trametinib significantly prolongs median overall survival time for advanced melanoma patients to over two years, with 51% remaining alive after two years. The treatment also improves disease-free progression and quality of life compared to vemurafenib alone.
A phase III trial has shown that 177Lu-DOTATATE significantly improves progression-free survival in patients with mid-gut neuroendocrine tumours, a rare and hard-to-treat disease. The treatment outperforms standard care in terms of time without disease progression.
Researchers have shown that the mTOR inhibitor everolimus can delay tumour growth among both gastrointestinal and lung NETs, particularly for patients with lung tumours. The trial included 302 patients and found a 52% reduction in progression or death risk and a clinically meaningful improvement in median progression-free survival.
A large prospective post-commercialization study in patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS) in Europe confirms the long-term anticancer activity of YONDELIS® (trabectedin). The median progression-free survival was 5.5 months, and durable responses were observed in 18 patients still on treatment.
A new report highlights progress in treating childhood cancers, but notes that many survivors face long-term treatment-related side effects. The European Society for Paediatric Oncology proposes solutions to tackle these issues, including improving access to new drugs and enhancing collaboration with adult oncology.
Research highlights significant disparities in cancer care among migrants and refugees, with lower rates of early diagnosis and treatment. The European Society for Medical Oncology calls for policy changes to address these disparities and improve access to quality cancer care.
The study found substantial differences in surgery, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy use among European countries for elderly breast cancer patients. Treatment approaches varied depending on the stage of the disease, with some countries omitting surgery or using more chemotherapy than others.
The EUROCARE 5 study shows significant geographical variations in survival from blood cancers in Europe, with the highest five-year relative survival rate for Hodgkin lymphoma at 81% in Northern European countries. In contrast, chronic myeloid leukemia had a significantly lower survival rate of 53%, particularly in Eastern Europe.
A recent study found that an Icelandic volcanic eruption released three times more sulphur dioxide gas than all of Europe's industrial emissions combined. The eruption caused significant air pollution and acid rain, with the lava flow covering an area equivalent to Manhattan.
The EU BON project uses the European Biodiversity Observation Network to develop an integrated biodiversity information framework. This framework collects and standardizes existing data sources to show trends and prognoses useful to policy and society. The aim is to make biodiversity data discoverable, accessible, and digestible.
European minks face significant reproductive challenges due to habitat destruction and competition with American minks. Scientists have successfully developed a non-invasive method to analyze faecal samples, revealing that mating can occur more frequently than previously thought.
A study found that higher concentrations of naturally occurring trans fatty acids were associated with a lower risk of sudden cardiac death and fewer deaths from any cause. Researchers also discovered that low levels of industrially produced trans fatty acids did not pose a health risk, contradicting previous warnings.
The EORTC 1320 trial, coordinated by the EORTC Brain Tumor Group, aims to assess the efficacy and safety of YONDELIS (trabectedin) compared to standard care in patients with recurrent grade II or III meningioma. The study plans to accrue 86 patients across 47 sites in ten countries.
The European Commission Joint Research Centre has found that the uncertainty in solar photovoltaic power measurements can be reduced by more than half, allowing for tighter margins and increased accuracy. This breakthrough could lead to cheaper and faster calibration of secondary reference devices, benefiting both industry and research.