Articles tagged with Europe
A 20-year study found that South Asian men have higher levels of tyrosine and several other amino acids associated with increased diabetes risk. Tyrosine was a stronger predictor of incident diabetes in South Asians, even after adjusting for obesity and insulin resistance.
The EU and GBIF are launching a €3.9 million project to enhance capacity and mobilize data from Africa, the Caribbean, and the Pacific. The BID initiative aims to improve biodiversity management in these regions and support human well-being.
The Commons Lab has released two new reports on key aspects of Citizen Science, focusing on successful projects in Europe and exploring potential legal issues surrounding intellectual property. The reports aim to support policymaking and growth of citizen science by addressing ethical, legal, and social implications.
Scientists studied the Jökulsárgljúfur canyon and found that it was formed by a series of distinct floods triggered by volcanic activity under glaciers. The floods, which occurred thousands of years apart, created the 100-metre walls and pushed three waterfalls, including Dettifoss, back upstream.
A meta-analysis of ten high-quality cohort studies found that women with a history of spontaneous preterm delivery are at increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular diseases. The association was described as 'robust' and similar in strength to classic CVD risk factors.
Researchers from the University of Leicester and Hungarian Academy of Sciences develop a way to map 'reed die-back' using satellite and aircraft monitoring systems. They found several indices related to the ecological status of reed plants, which can be mapped from specific wavelengths of radiation.
A recent study reveals biomass burners emit fine particulate emissions linked to heart problems and premature deaths. The researchers found that maintaining high burning efficiency can reduce these emissions and improve air quality.
The American leafminer species Coptodisca lucifluella has invaded Italy's walnut orchards, a new hostplant for the insect. The moth feeds on walnut leaves, making short galleries and leaving characteristic holes, while its larvae attach small shields to leaves or surfaces.
Researchers analyze ancient wooden bows found in La Draga, Spain, and conclude that bowhunting played a significant community and social role among early peasant societies. The discovery provides new evidence on the social role of hunting in the first farming societies.
Scientists at TU Dresden have presented a novel method, real-time deformability cytometry (RT-DC), to mechanically screen large populations of cells quickly and accurately. This technology enables the continuous, on-the-fly mechanical screening of hundreds of cells per second.
A large randomized trial in the US found that adding STAN to conventional intrapartum fetal heart rate monitoring did not improve perinatal outcomes or decrease operative deliveries. The study's results highlight the need for caution when extrapolating results from studies outside the US.
The discovery of a 55,000-year-old skull in Israel's Western Galilee provides direct anatomical evidence of modern human migration into Europe. The skull also suggests that modern humans interbred with Neanderthals in the Levant, contradicting previous narratives.
A fossil skull discovered in Israel's Manot Cave provides strong evidence of the first modern human migration to Europe, dating back 55,000 years. The analysis reveals a close genetic relationship between ancient Europeans and modern humans from Africa, challenging previous theories about the origins of European modern humans.
The EU's new regulation on invasive alien species aims to combat one of the greatest threats to biodiversity, with around 12,000 species currently in the EU. The legislation incorporates the findings of the DAISIE research project and will list prioritized species for transnational threats.
A recent University of Luxembourg study analyzed European Social Survey data and found no direct link between income inequality and general trust. Key factors influencing trust include beliefs about a society's intrinsic values and perceptions of socio-economic events.
A 55,000-year-old partial skull discovered in Israel provides new insights into the migration of modern humans out of Africa. The fossil, found at Manot Cave, suggests that the Manot people may be closely related to the first modern humans that colonized Europe.
Researchers found that Rapa Nui communities were abandoned due to environmental constraints, with nutrient-rich areas maintaining viable populations despite external threats.
The journal aims to publish high-quality research on cardiovascular pharmacotherapy, focusing on improving patient care and management of cardiovascular disease. The first issue will be published in 2015, with four issues planned for the year.
The 2015 Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine was awarded to Emmanuelle Charpentier and Rudolf Zechner for their pioneering work on harnessing bacterial immunity to develop genome editing technology, known as CRISPR-Cas9. The prize also recognizes Zechner's contributions to understanding lipid metabolism and its role in various diseases.
The ABC4Trust project has developed solutions to increase the trustworthiness of personal data in the Internet while offering optimal privacy protection. The project uses attribute-based credentials, which provide a type of credibility certificate from an entity trusted by the provider.
A new study by Ruud Koopmans finds that between 40-45% of European Muslims hold fundamentalist religious ideas, while Christian fundamentalism reaches 12%. The study also shows that Islamic fundamentalism decreases with higher social and economic status, but remains a significant phenomenon in Europe.
A new study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that physical inactivity is responsible for twice as many deaths as obesity. The researchers analyzed data from over 334,000 European men and women and found that even a small increase in physical activity can have significant health benefits.
A new study reveals that dinosaurs remained diverse in European ecosystems until the end of the Cretaceous period. Fossils from Spain, France, and other countries show that meat-eating and plant-eating species were present and thriving during the final few hundred thousand years before the asteroid impact.
A new study published in The BMJ found that employees who work more than 48 hours per week are more likely to engage in risky alcohol consumption. The study analyzed data from 333,693 people across 14 countries and found a significant association between long working hours and increased risk of higher alcohol use.
Researchers found that rates of hillslope erosion before European settlement were about an inch every 2500 years, while during peak land disturbance in the late 1800s and early 1900s, rates spiked to an inch every 25 years. This indicates a 100-fold increase in soil loss due to human activities.
Researchers have discovered the oldest recorded stone tool ever found in Turkey, providing a major new insight into when and how early humans dispersed out of Africa and Asia. The discovery dates back to approximately 1.2 million years ago and was made using high-precision equipment.
Researchers at UCL have developed a technique that combines two cutting-edge technologies to read and write electrical activity in the brain. By using flashes of light, they can both observe and control brain activity in mice, opening up new possibilities for understanding neurological conditions such as autism and dementia.
A new EU project, LaWin, aims to develop functional façades and window modules that can generate electricity, heat, and algae biomass. The project, coordinated by Jena University, will create an integrated production process for these innovative materials, with the goal of achieving an unmatched readiness to market.
Researchers analyzed 160,000+ genomes to uncover subtle differences in genetic ancestry across US regions. Regional ancestry differences reflect historical events like immigration waves.
A recent study using 23andMe data reveals fine-scale differences in US genetic ancestry, reflecting African, European, and Native American influences. The research provides new insights into the complex history of the US population, shedding light on the impact of slavery, immigration, and colonization.
A study of over 4,000 non-diabetic Mexican-Americans reveals shared and distinct genetic contributions to insulin signaling and glucose response. The findings identify potential novel genetic risk factors for type 2 diabetes, highlighting the complexity of the disease.
Researchers found that left-wing individuals spend more time engaging in vigorous physical activity and walking compared to political centrists. Meanwhile, those who don't reveal their political beliefs are the most physically inactive.
Researchers explore applying additive manufacturing techniques to aero engine market, reducing environmental costs and fuel consumption. The project aims to demonstrate the potential of metal components laser-based additive manufacturing to contribute to the reduction of air transport environmental impact.
Experts recommend reducing air pollution exposure and decreasing fossil fuel use to combat cardiovascular risk. People with heart disease are urged to follow these guidelines to minimize harm from air pollution.
The University of Exeter has received a £1.1 million grant to fund pioneering research on seasonal weather forecasts across Europe. The team aims to advance current understanding of three key conditions influencing seasonal weather, including the North Atlantic upper-ocean heat content and Arctic sea-ice.
The EU Industrial R&D Investment Scoreboard shows that EU companies invested €162.4 billion in R&D in 2013, while US and Japanese companies invested more. The European Commission is calling for a boost in R&D investment to keep up with global competitors.
Historians, ethnologists, philosophers, and law historians will collaborate to shed light on global historical issues from ancient times to the present day. They aim to compare cultures and epochs to provide highly generalised findings.
This book explores how European users appropriated microcomputers and forged countercultures to challenge individual ownership and celebrate shared use. The 'ludological' element of mischief and humor played a crucial role in shaping hacker culture, offering new insights into the history of technology.
The new gear reducer uses magnetism to transform speed, eliminating wear and lubrication needs. It can work in cryogenic temperatures and has applications in outer space, robotics, and various industries where conventional reducers are used.
Researchers have discovered that the region's first people brought a rich art practice to Southeast Asia, resulting in naturalistic images of wild animals and hand stencils. The oldest paintings, dating back 35,000-40,000 years, have been found in rock shelters across several countries.
A rare new plant species, Stachys caroliniana, has been discovered in two locations near Charleston, S.C., with the discovery shedding light on its unique characteristics. The species was found to be different from its closest relatives, which are commonly known as hedge-nettles or woundworts.
Researchers found that CoCo bonds can worsen financial crisis situations due to a 'convert to steal' mechanism. This construction shifts losses onto bondholders in times of need, encouraging banks to further escalate their crisis.
Queen's researchers have discovered a volcanic ash cloud that traveled from Alaska to Northern Ireland and beyond, overturning previous assumptions about ash deposits. The discovery has significant implications for the aviation industry and environmental science, highlighting Queen's impact on a global scale.
Researchers successfully imaged carboxysome particles, a key component in photosynthetic bacteria's carbon fixation process, using an X-ray laser method. The technique enables single-particle imaging of objects with varying size and shape, shedding light on the structure and dynamics of life's smallest units.
Several countries have launched brain research projects with big budgets and ambitious goals, aiming to make groundbreaking discoveries and develop new treatments for diseases. The initiatives are expected to drive rapid progress in the field of neuroscience, with a focus on global collaboration and interdisciplinary approaches.
Research reveals genetic differences between catsharks in the Mediterranean and North East Atlantic, suggesting they may be more vulnerable to over-fishing. The study's findings also highlight sex-specific migration patterns among catshark populations.
The EMBO Young Investigator Programme selects 27 young researchers to build their independent teams and achieve recognition. The programme provides support for laboratory management, non-scientific skills training, and access to core facilities.
Researchers used supercomputing simulations to analyze ancient DNA from a 24,000-year-old Siberian boy, revealing that modern Europeans are a mixture of three distinct ancestral populations. The study challenges the prevailing view that only two groups mixed in Europe between 7,000 and 8,000 years ago.
A 36,000-year-old fossil skeleton's DNA reveals the early divergence of Eurasians once they left Africa and their deep shared ancestry. The study also shows that Neanderthals and early modern humans interbred around 54,000 years ago.
A new study on ancient DNA from a 36,000-year-old fossil in western Russia found that the earliest European humans' genetic ancestry survived the Last Glacial Maximum. The research also sheds light on Neanderthal interbreeding and an early contact between European hunter-gatherers and Middle Eastern farmers.
Common bird species across Europe are experiencing significant declines in population, with many providing essential services for humans such as pest control and seed dispersal. The study's findings highlight the critical importance of birds in maintaining ecosystem balance and human health.
Bird populations across Europe have experienced sharp declines, with the majority of losses from the most common species. However, some less common birds have shown increases in recent years due to conservation efforts and legal protection. The study highlights the need for greater efforts to halt these continent-wide declines.
Cyprus faced a €17 billion bailout after a 100% GDP increase and bank bail. Overconfidence led to poor choices in public finances, delays in EU assistance, and unsustainable policies.
A previously unknown fungus, Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans, discovered in the Netherlands, poses a significant threat to European salamander populations. The fungus is found in amphibians from Thailand, Vietnam, and Japan but has only been detected in Europe recently.
A deadly fungus, Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans, is threatening wild populations of fire salamanders in Europe and may reach the US through international trade. Scientists are warning that the fungus could have devastating effects on North America's salamander biodiversity.
A new genetic study reveals a link between exposure to aristolochic acid and incidence of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma, the most common form of kidney cancer. The research, conducted on 94 patients from Europe, suggests that this plant compound may be a significant risk factor for kidney cancer, particularly in Central Europe.
Astronomers have discovered a 'wheel in a wheel' of dust and gas in the GG Tau-A binary star system, revealing a sustaining lifeline between the two discs. This finding supports planet formation by providing a mechanism for material to be transferred from the outer disc to the inner disc.
Researchers favor binding national renewables targets for EU and individual member states. Studies show additional renewables targets could provide economic benefits by reducing nuclear and fossil fuel use, while minimizing added costs.
Genomic analysis of Rapanui people reveals significant contact with Native American populations between AD 1300 and AD 1500, suggesting a pre-European trans-Pacific route. The findings challenge traditional textbook versions of human colonization events.
The study reveals two distinct families of exocomets in the Beta Pictoris system: old and recent ones. The old family has weak activity with low gas production rates, while the second family is more active and likely originates from a single object's breakup.