Articles tagged with Animal Research
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The Institute of Medicine's landmark 2011 report deemed most current biomedical research use of chimpanzees as not necessary. PETA is now calling for greater diligence to acknowledge this finding in scientific publications.
A team of scientists has uncovered new evidence linking extreme climate change, oxygen rise, and early animal evolution. The research team found spikes in concentrations of trace metals and sulfur isotopes, which are tracers of early oxygen levels, in mudstone collected from the Doushantuo Formation in South China.
A new article explores the link between chronic laminitis and inflammation, identifying an anti-inflammatory protein APOA-IV as a key factor. The psychology of equine performance also plays a crucial role in enhancing horse's mood, emotion, and temperament to improve performance.
Researchers have created 3D digital reconstructions of two 305-million-year-old juvenile insects using high-resolution CT scanning. The fossils provide valuable information about the biology and diet of these ancient insects, including one with sharp spines that may not exist today.
Researchers mapped the wildly divergent migration routes of two British Columbia subspecies of Swainson's thrushes using geolocators. The study reveals key feeding and rest habitats relied on by birds during their long journey, potentially informing conservation efforts.
Researchers discovered that EGFR inhibitors and synthetic compounds can reverse memory loss in fruit fly and mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests blocking EGFR signaling prevents memory loss by preventing beta-amyloid proteins from activating the receptor.
Researchers studied how naked mole-rats adapt to acidic environments, finding that they don't respond to acidification with physiological or behavioral responses. This lack of response is thought to be related to their unique nerve system, which may offer clues to alleviating pain in humans.
A team of researchers at the University of Manchester has found a novel solution to reducing inflammation by harnessing the power of hypertonic solutions. They discovered that bathing in or applying these solutions can shrink cells and deactivate the inflammatory response.
A new study using the UW tags recorded over 28,000 interactions among 34 crows, showing a surprising number of contacts between non-related crows. The technology allows researchers to study animal social interactions on an incredibly fine scale, revealing key insights into bird behavior and social networks.
Sheep and goats can be trained to avoid eating olive leaves and grapevines through conditioned taste aversion, which simulates toxic components found in plants. This method reduces the need for pesticides and farming equipment while providing a nutrient-rich agricultural resource.
A University of Alberta study estimates that Canadian homes are a kill zone for up to 22 million birds annually. The research suggests that bird fatalities from window collisions can be prevented by adjusting feeder placement distance from windows. Factors influencing collision frequency include tree age and feeder feeding habits.
Scientists have identified the genetic building blocks behind the human heart's subtle control system, which shares similarities with birds and reptiles. The study reveals that a spongy inner tissue in fetal hearts stretches out to form a fine network of conductive tissue in adult animals.
The Entomological Foundation recognizes Dr. Subramanyam for his research on stored-product insects and the Zebra Chip Research Team for their development of techniques to identify and manage the Zebra chip pathogen, leading to sustainable practices in the potato industry.
The Entomological Society of America has recognized Dr. Donald A. Rutz, Dr. Kevin Heinz, and Dr. Florence Dunkel with awards for their contributions to extension entomology, horticultural entomology, and teaching respectively. The winners will be honored at the ESA's 60th Annual Meeting in Knoxville, Tennessee.
A new research study by Durham University found that the Little Ice Age enabled arctic foxes to colonize Iceland from different Arctic regions. The genetic diversity of the Icelandic population increased due to this migration, which is attributed to the formation of sea ice during the Little Ice Age.
A study by University of Minnesota researchers found that antimicrobial growth promoters in swine alter intestinal bacteria composition, leading to accelerated growth and development. The findings suggest a possible alternative to antibiotics in animal production without compromising animal health.
Researchers found no loin quality advantages from blast chilling, but a 13-fold increase in excessively tough samples. CO2 stunning resulted in better meat quality traits, including darker lean color and greater water-holding capacity.
A study found that pregnant women exposed to high levels of common household chemicals PFCs had babies that were smaller at birth and heavier by 20 months, potentially leading to obesity later in life. The research suggests a link between prenatal exposure to PFCs and increased risk of weight gain in childhood.
A recent study by San Diego Zoo Global researchers found that giant pandas make specific choices when selecting trees for scent marking. The choice of tree is influenced by factors such as bark roughness, presence of moss on the trunk, tree diameter, and distance to trails.
In a population of rock sparrows, researchers found that older and more successful males sang with higher pitches and slower tempos, while younger males sang with lower pitches and faster tempos. Cuckolded males, regardless of age, sang louder in an attempt to re-establish their pair bond with an unfaithful mate.
Researchers at Princeton University used a unique simulation to study collective motion in animal groups, finding that coordinated movements can dissuade predators. The study shows that group formation itself is an evolved defense mechanism, mirroring the behaviors of real animals.
The Muscular Dystrophy Association has awarded a $308,000 grant to support the development of a new treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The therapy, which involves a highly potent protein, aims to prevent or reverse disease progression after onset.
The West Nile virus has caused 26 deaths and nearly 700 cases in the US this year, with Texas being a hotspot. The cause of the increased cases remains unclear, but experts emphasize the need for continued research and public health efforts.
Researchers developed an automated system using AI and image processing to rapidly examine large numbers of individual Caenorhabditis elegans, identifying genetic mutations that might not have been detected otherwise. The technique could change high-throughput genetic screening methods.
New studies reveal that changes in precipitation play a significant role in driving bird species out of their normal range, contradicting the conventional reliance on temperature. The research also found a sharp decrease in range for the Belding's ground squirrel, but identified areas where the species found refuge.
The human brain's unique cognitive capacity is attributed to a specific protein domain, DUF1220, which has more copies in humans than other species. The protein's dosage is linked to brain size, with higher numbers associated with macrocephaly and lower numbers with microcephaly.
Kansas State University researchers have made significant discoveries in cancer research by studying animal health. They found SCID pigs with severe combined immunodeficiency and discovered the connection between human cancer and pig diseases. This collaboration has huge potential for improving surgeries, drug development, and bone mar...
Researchers from University of Zurich detect presence of os interparietale in over 300 species using micro-CT imaging, resolving previous assumptions about its existence and evolutionary history. The discovery sheds new light on human anatomy and refutes earlier theories.
Researchers developed a targeted antisense approach to treat toxoplasmosis, reducing viable parasites by over 90% in mice. The therapy combines short nucleic acid strands with peptides to disrupt genetic signals, with potential applications in non-parasitic diseases.
Researchers found that 2,3-pentanedione, a butter flavoring in microwave popcorn, causes respiratory toxicity and alters gene expression in the brain of rats. Acute exposure has airway epithelium damage similar to diacetyl, which caused bronchiolitis obliterans in workers.
Recent research on young songbirds found that elevated glucocorticoid hormones can improve movement, feeding, and anti-predator behaviors, leading to greater survival rates. The study, published in Functional Ecology, suggests that stress is more complex than previously thought and may be beneficial for vulnerable stages of development.
Scientists are investigating the genetic components of song expression in singing mice, a species known for its melodic trills. By analyzing the FOXP2 gene, researchers aim to gain insights into the neural mechanisms underlying vocalization and potentially shed light on human language disorders.
Researchers found that the most active males interacted with females and sired the most offspring, challenging the common view that reduced performance is an evolutionarily inescapable outcome of sleep loss. Despite this deficit, successful males returned to the breeding area more often and were more likely to sire offspring in their s...
A University of Alberta-led research team found that late spring snowfalls are delaying the emergence of Columbian ground squirrels by 10 days, reducing their opportunity to eat and survive. The study shows a 20% decline in adult female survival rates due to this delay.
Researchers at Michigan State University found that hyenas that tried multiple solutions and took risks were more successful in solving a steel puzzle box. The study suggests that large brains may enable hyenas to think flexibly and come up with novel solutions.
A University of Notre Dame researcher has made significant discoveries about the evolution of jaws in mammals. The study found that animals consuming harder, tougher foods tend to have a lesser degree of jaw fusion, while those eating softer, smaller foods do not.
Researchers found that birds experiencing dramatic seasonal swings in temperature and precipitation sing more variable songs. This adaptability helps them communicate effectively across different habitats. The study analyzed over 400 male birds from 44 species, including orioles, warblers, and finches.
The Entomological Society of America has elected ten new Fellows for 2012, including Christian Borgemeister and Henry Hagedorn, recognized for their research on biological control and integrated pest management. The ESA International Branch also named Joseph Morse as a Fellow, honored for his work in entomology and systems science.
Researchers found that moths search for a spot to rest and adjust their body orientation to become nearly invisible to birds. The insects' behavior suggests they have an active choice of a resting spot that makes them visually camouflaged.
The US Army Research Laboratory is developing a system to train rats to detect improvised explosive devices and mines. Trained rats can search smaller spaces than dogs and are easier to transport, making them ideal for mine removal and homeland security tasks.
A team of researchers has discovered the eating habits of Diplodocus, a giant herbivorous sauropod dinosaur from the Jurassic period, using a three-dimensional model of its skull. The study found that branch stripping was the most stress-free eating behavior for the dinosaur.
University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston researchers have been awarded a $1.25 million NIH grant to develop lab-grown lung tissue models for biomedical studies. These models could provide significant advantages over animal models, including reduced costs and the ability to study human responses more accurately.
Researchers have identified a potential new treatment for stroke by demonstrating the effectiveness of Anakinra (IL-1Ra) in reducing brain damage. The drug blocks inflammation and microglia cell activation, which contribute to brain injury following a stroke.
Scientists have discovered a developmental mechanism responsible for the excessive growth of threatening horns or come-hither tail feathers in animals. The research reveals how insulin signaling pathways influence trait size, explaining why some males grow massive horns while others have minimal development.
The European Chemical Agency is accused of maladministration by failing to investigate cases where animal testing could be avoided under REACH. PETA claims that ECHA is not taking adequate action to ensure compliance with the regulation's last-resort requirement, resulting in unnecessary animal testing.
A new study suggests that the fin whale population in the Mediterranean Sea is smaller and more limited in distribution than previously estimated. The research highlights the impact of human activity on the species' survival, including collisions with merchant vessels and noise pollution.
A new study by William Laurance and co-authors finds that nearly half of tropical forest reserves are ineffective in protecting biodiversity. Well-protected reserves also show signs of decline, highlighting the need for improved conservation efforts to safeguard these critical ecosystems.
Researchers are developing small UAVs that can navigate complex environments, such as forests and urban settings, at high speeds. By studying birds' flight strategies and behavioral processes, scientists aim to create compact platforms with limited sensing that can safely move through challenging environments.
Researchers have successfully grown healthy small-diameter blood vessels using adult stem cells extracted during liposuction. These lab-grown vessels may replace the need for grafts from elsewhere in the body or artificial blood vessels, reducing risks of clotting and rejection.
Researchers are using inactive, fat rats to study childhood obesity and its complex relationship with diseases. Studies show that children who are inactive in childhood are more likely to continue this habit into adulthood and develop consequences such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
A study found that bats eavesdrop on fly sex sounds to earn two flies for one, increasing the risk of being attacked and eaten. This demonstrates that increased conspicuousness during mating is a significant cost.
Researchers found that bats are more likely to attack fly pairs during mating due to the noisy wing movements, which can be detected by echolocation. This study provides experimental evidence that the sound of copulating flies can make them detectable for bats.
Two new species of ancient South American rodents have been discovered in the Chilean Andes, providing evidence for the earliest known grasslands. The fossils, dated to around 32.5 million years ago, show high-crowned teeth that indicate an open and dry environment.
University of Alberta researchers have identified a new class of compounds that can clear prions from infected cells. These compounds demonstrate promise in treating prion-induced brain disorders, such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
The first cross-disciplinary conference on Public Participation in Scientific Research will bring together experts from various fields to share ideas and form new communities. Citizen science projects have recruited non-specialists to contribute to real scientific questions, multiplying data collection by orders of magnitude. The confe...
Researchers find that hippocampal NMDA receptors are crucial for detecting conflicts in spatial orientation problems. The study used genetically modified mice to demonstrate that the receptors are necessary for resolving conflicts, contradicting a central tenet of neuroscience.
A new study reveals that the western corn rootworm's resistance to crop rotation is linked to increased levels of protein-degrading enzymes in its gut. The insects can survive longer on soybeans and cause more damage than their non-resistant counterparts, allowing them to lay eggs in bean fields.
Research found that wild boars with more reddish hair have higher levels of oxidative stress due to the consumption of glutathione by pheomelanin production. However, surprisingly, gray-haired boars showed signs of good condition and lower oxidative damage. This study suggests that different levels of melanin may have physiological con...
New analysis suggests that lab mice and rats' round-the-clock access to food may lead to abnormally high blood fat levels, high cholesterol, nerve damage, cancer, and other disorders. This could affect the outcome of experiments testing toxicity and cancer-causing effects of new drugs and substances.
Scientists found that agoutis, common rodents in tropical lowlands, buried seeds at a scale previously unknown. This behavior likely prevented large-seeded plants from becoming extinct when their primary dispersers disappeared over 10,000 years ago.