Articles tagged with Animal Research
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers found that role reversal was caused by an imbalance in the numbers of males relative to females. In sex-reversed species like seahorses, males take on traditional female roles, such as caring for offspring and competing with each other for mates.
Researchers at University of British Columbia have found that blood vessels in the brain can be normalized with amyloid beta immunization, reducing plaque build-up and brain capillary growth. This discovery suggests that drugs targeting blood vessels could be effective in treating Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge and Exeter discovered that bird flocks are determined by social relationships between individuals within species, not just species differences. The study found that birds prefer to fly close to members of their own species and that dominant rooks take the lead in mixed-species flocks.
Researchers have discovered two new ancient extinct alligator-like animals and an extinct hippo-like species in Central America during the Miocene period. The fossils shed light on species distribution before the formation of the Isthmus of Panama.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that weight loss benefits the heart health of young obese mice, reversing poor heart function and reducing fat deposits. However, this effect was lost in older mice with longer periods of obesity, highlighting the importance of early weight loss in preventing heart damage.
New fossil discoveries shed light on the history of animal distributions between the Americas, revealing that caimans dispersed north from South America by the early Miocene. The presence of fossils in Panama supports a recent hypothesis that Central and South America were closer together than previously thought.
Researchers successfully transmitted tactile and motor information between rat brains, enabling behavioral puzzle-solving. The brain-to-brain interface allowed for two-way communication, with the decoder rat achieving a success rate of about 70 percent.
Research published in PLOS ONE found that children with autism spectrum disorders display more social behaviors like talking and physical contact when interacting with animals than with toys. The presence of animals also increases instances of smiling and laughing, and reduces negative behaviors.
Researchers at the University of Nevada, Reno have developed a product based on their enzymes, discovered in bark beetles from trees in the Lake Tahoe area. The enzymes have potential applications in pest control and chemical production.
A specialized receptor in blood vessels senses molecules created by gut microbes, increasing blood pressure. The finding suggests a complex system involving gut bacteria and blood vessel regulation.
Researchers have discovered that saw-scaled viper venom contains both anticoagulants and coagulants, which can be used to develop new treatments for blood disorders. The venom's toxic clotting factors were found to be lethal to mice, making them a promising area of study.
The Harvard Wyss Institute's Lung-on-a-Chip has won a UK award for its potential to revolutionize drug development by reducing animal testing. The device, which mimics the complex functions of the human lung, has been used to study a life-threatening condition and identify potential new therapies.
The Brazilian Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases has moved to BioMed Central's open access publishing platform, expanding the publisher's portfolio to 250 journals. The journal will publish research on all aspects of toxins, venomous animals, and tropical diseases.
A recent study by Ohio State University researchers has identified specific small molecules in the blood that can accurately measure damage to the body after ionizing radiation exposure. The findings suggest that these microRNA markers could help doctors identify individuals at risk for acute radiation syndrome and plan personalized ra...
Researchers found that cattle temperament affects how animals respond to stressors like weaning, transportation, and vaccination. Temperamental cattle have reduced fat stores and lower marbling, impacting the final quality grade of beef.
A study by UC Riverside researchers shows that hummingbirds produce two trails of vortices, one under each wing per stroke, to hover and control flight. This bilateral vortex structure provides more maneuverability for the bird but increases energy consumption.
According to MIT researchers, human language may have originated in birdsong, combining an expression layer with a lexical layer. This combination triggered the emergence of complex communication patterns, including finite vocabularies and melodic capacity.
The US government has released two new documents to guide researchers in carrying out dual use research of concern. The new framework outlines a robust review process that takes into account scientific benefits, biosafety risks, and risk mitigation measures.
A new study reveals that omega-3 fatty acid emulsions can decrease damaged brain tissue by 50 percent or more after an ischemic stroke. The findings suggest these emulsions may be able to reduce long-term neurological and behavioral problems seen in human survivors of neonatal and adult strokes.
Researchers at the University of Montreal have found a way to diagnose and treat osteoarthritis in cats using meloxicam, an anti-inflammatory medication. The study showed that daily oral administration of meloxicam provided pain relief for four weeks, with higher doses continuing to provide relief for five weeks after treatment stopped.
Removing top predators from freshwater ecosystems leads to a significant increase in carbon dioxide emissions, highlighting the crucial role of apex animals in regulating climate change. This study suggests that predator decline is having global implications for greenhouse gases and climate.
Researchers discovered a genetic program that promotes longevity in roundworms at cold temperatures and found it exists in humans. The study links calcium signaling to aging for the first time, suggesting exposure to cold air or stimulation of this genetic program may promote mammalian longevity.
A recent study by Dr. Dominique Autier-Dérian and colleagues found that dogs can form a visual category of dog faces and group pictures of different breeds into a single category. This ability allows dogs to recognize their own species visually, despite the large morphological variability within the dog species.
Researchers discovered that one wasp species uses a novel third ingredient in its sex pheromone, which is recognized by females only when combined with two original scents. This adaptation allows females to distinguish their own species from others, preventing costly interbreeding.
A team of scientists at Brown University has made a breakthrough in understanding the neurological signaling breakdown in Angelman syndrome, a disorder affecting thousands of children. They demonstrated how a synthesized compound called CN2097 works to restore neural functions impaired by the disease.
Duke researchers develop a brain-machine interface that enables rats to detect and track infrared light, demonstrating the first time a sense has been augmented in adult animals. The breakthrough suggests new possibilities for restoring vision or sensing in people with damaged brains.
A team of scientists from the German Cancer Research Center has discovered that silencing Dickkopf-1, a signaling molecule that promotes age-related cognitive decline, leads to increased neurogenesis in the hippocampus. This results in improved spatial orientation and memory performance in mice, even in advanced adult age.
A new study reconstructs the common ancestor of placental mammals using 'phylophenomics,' revealing they did not diversify into present-day lineages until after the K-Pg extinction event. The study combines genomic and phenomic data, visualizing a small, insect-eating animal as their common ancestor.
A team of scientists, led by University of Florida researchers, has generated the most comprehensive tree of life on placental mammals, which includes humans. The study reveals that these mammals diversified after the extinction of dinosaurs 65 million years ago.
A University of Toronto Scarborough researcher helped create a family tree of placental mammals, placing humans in the tree of life. The study used genetic and physical traits to conclude that placental mammals diversified much later than previously thought, with all major groups alive today originating after the dinosaurs' extinction.
The Hastings Center has released a special report on the evolving landscape of animal research ethics, citing examples of changes improving animal welfare and replacing animal testing. Alternative models, such as human cell-based toxicity testing, are gaining traction.
Researchers developed a predictive model of spatial epidemic spread in territorial animals, quantifying transmission events and propagation speed based on demography, animal wandering patterns, and contagiousness. This model has potential to inform targeted prevention strategies for zoonotic diseases with animal origins.
A study by Kenneth Catania at Vanderbilt University has found that common moles rely on stereo sniffing to detect odor gradients, a skill previously thought to be limited to visual and auditory perception. This discovery opens new avenues for research into the capabilities of other mammals that heavily rely on their sense of smell.
A new study finds that state and local health departments often lack involvement in addressing health concerns related to industrial food animal production sites. Community members surveyed reported taking on the role of monitoring and educating themselves due to limited health department engagement.
A new study predicts that climate change will lead to significant declines in suitable climates for many bird species, requiring enhanced protection and management of key sites. Conservation efforts will need to adapt to assist birds in moving to climatically suitable areas, with some species facing relocation in extreme cases.
Polar bears face an imminent threat from rapid Arctic ecosystem changes, which could lead to population declines of up to 50%. Governments must develop conservation plans to mitigate the effects of climate change. The authors' study suggests that a single severe ice year could erase half of a polar bear population in a single year.
A team of researchers from Hellenic Centre for Marine Research used X-ray computed tomography to create detailed 3D representations of tiny animals, facilitating the study of morphology and improving taxonomy. The method enables virtual rotation, magnification, and dissection of specimens, extracting new scientific information.
A team of scientists has described 24 new species of dipterans belonging to the Quichuana genus, doubling the number of documented species in this genus. The discovery is especially important for establishing conservation methods due to the insect's relationship with its plant development environment.
Researchers found that collective intelligence enables small groups of fish to respond effectively to complex, changing environments. As group size increases, the fish's ability to navigate and locate essential resources improves dramatically.
The star-nosed mole's star-shaped snout contains a high proportion of nerve endings sensitive to light touch, with fewer receptors that detect pain. This study highlights the importance of examining diverse species to reveal common biological mechanisms.
Researchers have identified a new source of powerful antibiotics in shipworms, which could combat antibiotic resistance. Additionally, bacteria carried by cone snails produce neuroactive chemicals with promise for pain treatment. The discovery was made through the Philippine Mollusk Symbiont International Cooperative Biodiversity Group.
A study published in Physiological and Biochemical Zoology found that birds with pheomelanin-based plumage coloration had higher survival rates than those without it. The researchers suggest that the production of this pigment may help sequester excess amino acids, providing a beneficial effect under certain conditions.
A new Notre Dame study examines the dual-use aspect of nanotechnology research, exploring both its benefits and threats. The report discusses the potential for nano-sized particles to breach the blood-brain barrier and deliver targeted medicines, while also posing a serious threat in combat situations.
Researchers found that a small dose of ractopamine increased muscle mass and feed efficiency in pigs without compromising meat quality. The study confirmed previous findings that 5 mg/kg is an appropriate dose for Brazilian commercial pork production.
Despite concerns about high extinction rates, Griffith University researcher Professor Nigel Stork says the actual number is lower than feared. The study estimates around 5 million species on Earth, with conservation efforts protecting rich biodiversity in key areas.
A new study by the University of Pennsylvania has found that owl monkeys who stay with one partner produce 25% more offspring per decade than those who switch partners. This finding suggests that long-term monogamy and pair-bonding can improve reproductive fitness in certain individuals.
Researchers at University of California - San Diego discover that blocking digestive enzymes can reverse shock, reduce organ damage, and increase survival rates in animals. The study, published in Science Translational Medicine, provides novel insights into the mechanism of multiorgan failure and death.
Researchers have identified mitochondrial CYP2D6 as a potential target for mitigating Parkinson's disease. The study found that mitochondrial CYP2D6 can effectively metabolize MPTP, a compound causing brain cell damage in Parkinson's, and that inhibiting its activity reduces neuronal degeneration.
The discovery of a new fossil in Tunisia reveals that African sea cow ancestors lived in freshwater environments, predating those found in Jamaica. This finding provides crucial insights into the evolutionary origins of these marine mammals.
Researchers played the Ultimatum Game with six adult chimpanzees and 20 human children, finding that both groups responded similarly to adults. Chimpanzees split rewards equally when cooperation was required, similar to human behavior. This study provides evidence for a shared preference for fair outcomes between humans and apes.
The Sundarbans mangrove forest is disappearing at an alarming rate, resulting in loss of natural protection from tidal waves and cyclones. This will inevitably lead to species loss, including the endangered Bengal tiger.
A University of Illinois study found that global warming could lead to increased nocturnal activity in ratsnakes, making them better adapted to warmer temperatures. This shift could result in a population expansion and altered ecosystem dynamics, with potential impacts on native bird populations.
Researchers use DNA barcoding to identify frog species and prevent hybridization, increasing chances of conservation success. The technique helps scientists understand genetic diversity in captive populations, contributing to the survival of threatened amphibian species.
Researchers found that parasitic worms secrete a sugar-based molecule that reduces inflammation and alleviates symptoms of obesity-related diseases. The treatment may also work for psoriasis, organ transplants, and multiple sclerosis.
A team of researchers used cutting-edge 3D imaging techniques to study the syrinx, a unique vocal organ found in songbirds. The detailed structure reveals how birds can produce superfast trills and stabilize their sounds while moving.
A study by Michigan State University found captive hyenas excel at solving novel problems, suggesting limitations in applying captive animal results to the wild. The researchers, led by Sarah Benson-Amram, discovered that captive hyenas were more willing to tackle challenges and explored solutions.
Stable flies are a significant pest of cattle in the US, causing reduced milk production and decreased weight gain. A new study finds that cyromazine, an insect growth regulator, can reduce emerging adult stable flies by 97% with minimal cost and application time.
Researchers found that bonobos will share food with a stranger before an acquaintance in a series of experiments. In most cases, the test subject chose to release the stranger first, even when there was no social interaction afterwards. This behavior contrasts with chimpanzees and highlights the unique social dynamics of bonobos.
Researchers have provided definitive evidence that NMDAR receptors are crucial for pruning synapses in newborn mammals' brains. This discovery sheds new light on the neural basis of autism and schizophrenia. The study used a mouse model with brain cells lacking or containing NMDARs to demonstrate the receptor's direct role in synaptic ...
Researchers sequenced bat genomes to find similarities with human genes, potentially leading to disease prevention strategies. The study found novel genes in bats that help deal with toxins produced by flight, which may also influence ageing and cancer.