Articles tagged with Animal Research
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine discovered a new anti-inflammatory adipokine, Sfrp5, that modulates metabolic dysfunction in obesity and type 2 diabetes. The study found that Sfrp5 administration improved metabolic function and reduced inflammation in obese and diabetic mice.
Researchers found 11 species of wildlife, including primates and crocodiles, in confiscated bushmeat. The study estimates that around 270 tonnes of potentially contaminated bushmeat is smuggled into Europe annually.
A diet rich in aquatic foods may have driven brain development in early humans. The discovery provides evidence that consistent amounts of fish were part of the human diet, around two million years ago.
Researchers gathered daily birding activity reports from over 1,000 ornithologists to study the spread of non-native plants. The study found that specific birds are contributing to the dispersal of certain invasive plant species through their feeding habits.
A study of banded mongooses in Uganda found that these animals pass on traditions from one generation to the next, a practice previously thought to be reserved for humans and intelligent animals. This discovery has significant implications for understanding how complex cultures can develop.
Researchers at the University of Leicester have found that CT scans can monitor progression of severe asthma and check how it responds to treatment. The study suggests that CT-derived measures of structural changes in lungs and airways may be used as a non-invasive marker for asthma.
Researchers from the University of Adelaide discovered how insects judge speed and motion in a natural setting, revealing additional brain mechanisms. Insects use visual motion analysis and adapt to different light conditions, similar to humans.
A new animal study published in Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research suggests that eating pecans daily may help protect the nervous system and delay motor neuron degeneration. The study found that vitamin E in pecans provides significant antioxidant benefits, which can fight diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
The new 'dipstick' test uses a special paper strip with antibodies to accurately determine blood type, promising to save millions of lives through successful blood transfusions. The cost-effective method could be particularly useful in veterinary medicine for typing animals' blood in the field.
A team of researchers from the University of Liverpool identified a male pheromone called darcin, which attracts females and is responsible for learned preference for specific males in mice. Darcin consistently doubled the time spent near a male's scent and was shown to stimulate female memory and attraction.
Researchers at Henry Ford Hospital successfully treated lab animals with a synthetic version of the naturally occurring peptide Thymosin beta 4, promoting the creation of new blood vessels and repairing damaged nerve cells. The study's findings hold significant promise for treating clot-induced strokes in humans.
A new study published in PLoS Biology calls for the public's help in collecting bird sighting data, which is crucial for monitoring biodiversity. The researchers highlight that current data on common species is scarce, making it difficult to establish a 'biodiversity baseline', and urge citizens to record their sightings online.
A study by British and Spanish researchers found that cooked game meat exceeded EU maximum lead levels due to ammo residue. The presence of lead in hunted animals increases the risk of exposure, particularly for vulnerable groups.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have developed a novel technique to produce genetically modified rats, offering potential for biomedical research on human diseases. The new method enables the creation of rat lines with mutations in specific genes, including those linked to cancer, diabetes, and mental illness.
Researchers tracked orchid bees using tiny radio transmitters, revealing they travel surprisingly long distances through sparse tropical forest patches. The study opens doors to future research on temperate forests and highlights the importance of preserving plant pollination.
A new study has found significant quality-control issues with genome comparison tools, which can lead to incorrect conclusions. The researchers used a large-scale dataset and found that the best-performing tool, Pecan, produced more reliable alignments than other tools.
Researchers from UC Davis Health have found E. coli O157:H7 in fecal samples of wildlife species common to California's Central Coast region, including cowbirds, coyotes, crows, mice, and feral pigs. While the presence of the bacterium is rare, it suggests there are potential sources of pathogen movement that need to be assessed.
Agricultural Research Service scientists have developed a new model to manipulate vitamin D levels in young calves, which could help establish the optimal amount needed for growth and health. The model uses vitamin D injections to control levels in the bloodstream of neonatal dairy calves.
Researchers used MRI to identify high-risk atherosclerotic plaques in an animal model, which could lead to non-invasive diagnosis and treatment of patients. The study found that MRI can accurately detect stable and unstable plaques, including those with enhanced gadolinium uptake associated with inflammation.
Parasites in invasive species can cause significant harm to local invertebrates, fish stocks, and ecosystem services. The discovery challenges previous thinking that parasites-free invaders do well in new locations.
Researchers from the University of Sheffield discovered that female damselflies choose hot males based on their body temperature. Males that have warmed themselves in the sun are more likely to copulate and benefit females by providing access to warm territories for egg-laying.
BBSRC funded researchers found that applying Bt to young plants enhances the bacteria's ability to infect insect pests. The study also reveals that the natural abundance of Bt in the environment plays a significant role in its effectiveness.
A recent study at the University of Illinois found that some impatiens plant varieties are more attractive to Western flower thrips than others. The researchers discovered that the Dazzler White variety emits volatile compounds that attract thrips, while the Cajun Carmine variety does not.
The discovery of three new Philippine monitor lizard species and a new subspecies sheds light on the immense biodiversity of these giant reptiles in the region. The study highlights the importance of museum collections and the need for continued research to recognize and name all species, emphasizing the global taxonomy crisis.
ARS scientists have developed a biocontrol agent that uses neuropeptide mimics to kill aphids, potentially reducing pesticide use and environmental harm. The treatment was found to be highly effective in killing 90-100% of aphids within three days, comparable to insecticides on the market.
A new technique developed by UNC researchers uses light to manipulate protein behavior in cells, enabling precise control of cell movement. This discovery has significant implications for understanding embryonic development, nerve regeneration, and cancer metastasis.
Researchers have developed a new model to investigate the link between tobacco use and oral cancer, using carcinogens found in tobacco smoke. The study shows that this approach can lead to better understanding of oral cancer initiation, progression, and prevention.
A worldwide study attributes local lizard extinctions to rising temperatures, with a predictive model showing 20% of species could go extinct by 2080. Lizards' decline is linked to reduced foraging hours and energy resources during critical reproductive cycles.
An international team of biologists found an alarming pattern of population extinctions due to rising temperatures. The researchers developed a predictive model that accurately predicted specific locations where previously studied lizard populations have already gone locally extinct.
A recent study found an alarming pattern of population extinctions among lizard species due to rising temperatures. Climate change is predicted to cause 40% of local populations to go extinct, translating to around 20% of species disappearing by 2080.
Research at University of California, Riverside found that juvenile male crickets exposed to loud songs from adult males grow larger and invest more in testes. Meanwhile, those without exposure are more likely to act as 'satellites' hanging around singing males to intercept females.
Long-necked dinosaurs were able to grow extremely long necks due to their unique digestive system, which allowed them to chew and digest food more efficiently. This enabled them to browse their surroundings without having to move their large body weight.
Competition among lizards is more important than predation by birds and snakes for survival, according to a study published in Nature. The researchers found that high-density populations favor larger size and better running ability.
Researchers have developed a Mouse Grimace Scale to measure spontaneous responses in mice resembling human pain expressions. The scale accelerates the development of new analgesics for humans while eliminating unnecessary suffering in lab animals.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a vaccine that can block the immune reaction causing atherosclerosis, reducing disease by 60-70%. The vaccine targets T cells reacting to native LDL particles, reversing previous findings on antioxidants' ineffectiveness against cardiovascular disease.
Researchers have assembled the first comprehensive DNA sequence of an amphibian genome, which will aid in studying embryonic development and its implications for preventing birth defects and treating various human diseases. The Xenopus tropicalis frog genome sequencing provides a blueprint for understanding gene function and expression.
Researchers identified two 'body clock' genes that regulate hormonal changes in response to seasonal variations. These genes are found in both birds and mammals, shedding light on how animals adapt to seasonal changes.
Researchers at Heidelberg University Hospital discovered that inhibiting communication between nerve cells accelerates odor discrimination in mice. The study confirmed the function of lateral inhibition, which enables quick and reliable recognition of similar smells, using genetic manipulation and electrophysiological measurements.
Researchers have identified a gene regulating appetite and explored thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor protein to understand domestication's impact on chickens. The study provides a model for exploring the molecular basis of animal domestication.
Agricultural Research Service scientist Michael Flythe has found that hops can inhibit hyper-ammonia-producing bacteria, a key contributor to ammonia production in cattle. This reduction in ammonia production can lead to improved ruminant nutrition and reduced reliance on expensive high-protein supplements.
Researchers have discovered a new species of bacterium, Endoxenoturbella lovénii, found only in the Gullmarsfjord north of Gothenburg. The bacterium is an endosymbiotic prokaryote living in the gut of a unique marine worm called Xenoturbella.
Shuhai Xiao, a professor of geobiology at Virginia Tech, has been awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship to support his research on ancient life and climate. He will use geochemical and paleobiological data to understand the co-evolution of environments and early animals 600 million years ago.
Scientists have discovered lingering oil from the 1989 Exxon Valdez spill is still being ingested by wildlife in Prince William Sound. The study used biomarkers to reveal long-term exposure to oil in harlequin ducks, demonstrating that consequences of oil spills can last for decades.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have created lab-grown tissues from fat, skin, bone, and muscle cells, reducing the need for animal trials in pharmaceutical and medical research. This breakthrough technology has the potential to spare hundreds of animal lives and improve scientific efficiency.
A Princeton University-led team tracked fever and sickness behaviors in song sparrows using radio transmitters, discovering that different populations respond differently to infection. The study's findings may aid in forecasting where diseases will take hold, including West Nile virus.
Researchers have discovered that targeting the blood-brain barrier can slow the accumulation of a protein associated with Alzheimer's disease. The study shows that activating a certain receptor in the brain can increase the expression of a blood-brain barrier protein that transports beta-amyloid out of the brain.
A study published in BMC Biology found that male fallow deer vocalizations contain accurate information about their competitive abilities, which change dynamically with age. The researchers also discovered that the deer's vocal identity changes substantially from one year to the next.
Submarine canyons off the coast of Hawaiian Islands are hotspots for biodiversity and biomass, supporting unique megafauna communities. The study revealed that canyons provide an ideal habitat for mobile species to feed on accumulated organic matter, resulting in elevated abundance and diversity.
A new study reveals that birds, bats, and lizards play a crucial role in maintaining forest health by controlling insect populations. By eating herbivores and their insect predators, these animals reduce plant damage by 40%, leading to a 14% increase in plant biomass.
A new study reveals that deep-sea scavengers outcompete smaller animals for food in ocean canyons, leading to reduced biodiversity. Larger animals sense the presence of food and converge on the canyon floor, devouring all available nutrients and leaving little for other animals.
Researchers found that toad populations in Italy shifted their behavior from breeding to evacuation mode five days before a significant earthquake. The ionosphere disruptions detected pre-seismic cues like radon gas releases and charged particles, allowing the toads to detect earthquakes earlier.
Researchers found that variations in the giggles' pitch and timbre can encode information about a hyena's age, dominance status, and individual signature. This allows hyenas to establish feeding rights and organize their food-gathering activities.
A PLOS Medicine article highlights controversies surrounding animal experiments and their translation to human clinical trials. The study suggests that selective reporting in medical journals may create a false impression of treatment efficacy, leading to overstatement of benefits.
Researchers from the University of Extremadura have discovered a new species of Cloudina, a small animal with an external skeleton, in Spain. The fossils show evidence of asexual reproduction, a rare phenomenon previously only described in Chinese specimens.
Researchers at the University of Rhode Island have found that migratory birds prefer certain fruits rich in antioxidants and pigments. This study may provide insights into how humans can prevent disease through diet. The discovery highlights a potential partnership between plants and birds, where berries are eaten and seeds are dispersed.
Researchers found that domestic guinea pigs excelled in a water maze test due to their improved ability to decipher guidance symbols, while wild cavies were stronger swimmers. The study suggests an adaptation in domesticated animals for efficient problem-solving in human-made environments.
A team of researchers has created a new implantable device that measures the heart's electrical output with greater resolution than current devices. The device uses flexible silicon technology to bring electronic circuits right to the tissue, enabling high-density maps of electrical activity.
Researchers analyzed 15 female loggerheads' shells to discover their surprising dietary and travel habits. The findings suggest the turtles are surprisingly different in their range, diet, or both, with individualistic patterns revealed over a span of 12 years.
Scientists from Queen's University Belfast have successfully boosted the endangered freshwater mussel population through a 12-year cultivation project, releasing over 300 mussels into the wild. The conservation team can track the mussels using Passive Integrated Transponders, allowing for relocation and monitoring of the animals.
A study found that walnuts reduced the size and growth rate of prostate cancer in test animals by 50% and 30% respectively. The scientists attributed this effect to walnuts' ability to lower levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 and endothelin, a substance linked to inflammation.