Articles tagged with Clinical Research
Researchers at UVA Health System found that a hyperactive nervous system response can worsen C. difficile infections, leading to severe diarrhea, nausea, and colitis. Targeting the alpha 2 adrenergic receptor may provide a new therapeutic target for treating these deadly infections.
Researchers propose utilizing human 3D skin models to assess drug binding properties across different skin types. Genetic variations among minority groups can lead to starkly different drug responses across races and ethnicities.
A study found that speakers smiled more when listeners smiled more, especially in same-sex conversations. Smile synchronization is essential in creating social bonds and fostering positive feelings.
Researchers identified three genetic regions strongly associated with increased prostate incidence in a diverse group of African men. The study, the largest of its kind in Africa, may lead to new treatment possibilities and refined screening methods.
Biomedical engineer Jeff Saucerman has received a $3.1 million NIH grant to study low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 and its impact on heart failure and treatment outcomes after a heart attack.
The study marked a significant milestone in lipidomics, establishing reference values for ceramides and plasma lipids involved in cardiovascular disease risk prediction. The global network of laboratories achieved better-than-anticipated comparability in results using different methods and instrumentations.
Cardiovascular diseases like heart failure and atrial fibrillation are linked to cognitive impairment and increased risk of dementia. Adopting a healthy lifestyle and identifying vascular risk factors early may help preserve brain function and reduce the burden of Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers evaluated the efficacy and safety of using Zika virus for treating CNS tumors, finding that it reduces cell viability, inhibits growth, and decreases Bcl2 expression, potentially enhancing chemotherapy and radiotherapy effects. This ultimately led to significant tumor remission and improved long-term survival through an enh...
Researchers at Mass General Brigham discovered that combining two therapeutic agents can selectively kill tumor cells in triple negative breast cancer, differentiating them and triggering a process similar to involution. The study provides support for clinical trials testing this new approach.
Researchers designed custom-fit PAP masks using computational modelling to reduce air leakage and increase comfort. The masks were tested against commercially available ones, showing promising results.
A Japanese study found that children with outdoor play habits at age 2.5 had a 15% lower risk of being overweight or obese by age 7. The study suggests encouraging outdoor play in young children may help prevent obesity later in life.
A clinical trial of 32 patients with cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy found that six years after treatment, most remained free of major disabilities. However, the study also highlighted safety concerns about blood cancers post-treatment, including myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine discovered that antiviral enzymes and chemotherapy can cause early mutations in bladder cancer, leading to resistance to treatment. Complex circular DNA structures also play a key role in driving the progression of urothelial carcinoma, a common type of bladder cancer.
Researchers validate a new blood test platform that can measure multiple biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease, potentially improving early diagnostics and treatment. The platform captures changes in proteins related to neurodegenerative diseases and may help track disease progression over time.
A recent Canadian study reveals that transgender populations in Canada experience a significantly higher prevalence of serious mental disorders and suicidality compared to cisgender peers. The study, published in JAMA, is based on data from nearly 10,000 Canadians aged 15 or older.
A new supplement celebrating the 100th volume of the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease presents insights into the state of art in AD research. Recent advancements in geroscience have led to the development of preventive medical strategies targeting aging, holding promise for reducing disease risk.
A new study found that COVID-19 infection increased the risk of heart attack and stroke for up to three years after infection. The risk was higher among people with A, B or AB blood types compared to type O, according to researchers analyzing data in the UK Biobank.
A new study from UCSF has found that ChatGPT overprescribes in emergency care situations, providing unnecessary x-rays and antibiotics. The AI model was less accurate than resident physicians, with a tendency to err on the side of caution. Researchers emphasize the need for better frameworks to evaluate clinical information before AI c...
A study of 668 infants found a small decrease in birth weight for gestational age with every 1°C increase in average daily heat stress during the first trimester. Infants up to two years old exposed to high heat may have lower weights and heights for their age.
A new image processing strategy for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging identifies areas responsible for complex ventricular tachycardias, enabling preoperative planning and reducing procedure times and complications. The systematic approach eliminates operator bias and increases sensitivity for detecting these regions.
Researchers have developed a novel gene therapy approach that targets and breaks down faulty ribonucleic acids in the KCNA2 gene, which is associated with recurring seizures. The therapy has shown promise in reducing excessive neuron activity linked to epilepsy.
Industry-sponsored trials have grown while federally funded enrollment remains flat, jeopardizing research in cancer prevention, screening, and health disparities. Diversified funding and strong advocacy are needed to ensure all patient populations benefit from research advancements.
Researchers argue that stigma can play a huge role in health outcomes, leading to disengagement from care, coerced sterilization, and lack of informed choices. Addressing stigma through evidence-based approaches, such as staff training and relationship building, can improve healthcare services.
A new study found that 5-fluorouracil kills cells by interfering with RNA synthesis, not DNA damage. The findings suggest that combining 5-FU with drugs affecting RNA synthesis could make it more effective in patients with gastrointestinal cancers.
A team of scientists from NTU Singapore and HKU found that electro-acupuncture can reverse the effects of obesity in obese individuals and mice on a high fat diet. The treatment targets osteoprotegerin, a protein linked to fat cell formation and obesity development.
Researchers found that patients had the same success rate when treated for 24 hours compared to 72 hours, with no difference in need for transfusion, ventilation, or vasopressors. This suggests that shorter octreotide therapy may be sufficient and could help reduce hospital stays and costs.
Researchers found that lap support overestimated systolic pressure by nearly 4 mmHg and an unsupported arm hanging at the side overestimated systolic pressure by nearly 7 mmHg. The study emphasizes the importance of adhering to clinical guidelines for accurate blood pressure measurement.
Researchers have used AI to analyze digital images of pathology slides and identified risk factors for aggressive brain tumors that differ between men and women. These findings could lead to more individualized care and improved treatment outcomes for glioblastoma patients.
A study by Ohio State University researchers found that combining pimozide with CB-839 can effectively suppress glioblastoma growth by blocking lipid production and starvation of tumor cells. This innovative combination may also hold promise for treating other cancers relying on glutamine and lipids.
A study by UC San Francisco found that more screen time is associated with severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, inattention, and aggression in 9-10 year olds. The effects were small but consistent, with activities like video chatting and playing video games strongly linked to depressive symptoms.
A non-invasive blood test measuring circulating tumor cells can predict treatment response, disease progression, and overall survival in men with metastatic prostate cancer. Patients with more CTCs had shorter median survival lengths and a greater risk of death.
A recent study found that tau protein buildup disrupts the salience network, a crucial communication network in the brain, leading to behavioral changes. The study used advanced medical imaging to analyze the brains of 128 people with early-stage dementia and showed a strong association between tau disruption and behavioral symptoms.
Recent clinical trials of neoadjuvant therapy before radical prostatectomy, such as the ACDC-RP trial, have struggled to show significant survival benefits. Researchers recommend maximal androgen blockade with an androgen receptor pathway inhibitor as the 'backbone' of neoadjuvant therapy trials.
A new CAR-T cell therapy targeting CD7 on leukaemia cells has shown promising results in treating T-ALL patients who have exhausted all standard treatment options. The therapy achieved complete remission in 16 out of 17 patients, with some remaining in remission for over five years.
Virginia Tech researchers publish real-time data to better understand what happens when people lose their balance. The study uses wrist-worn voice recorders to capture immediate, self-reported data from participants, providing a more reliable understanding of the circumstances surrounding balance loss among older adults.
Researchers have developed a molecule called LaKe that can mimic the metabolic response to regular exercise and fasting by increasing lactate and ketone levels in the blood. This molecule has the potential to alleviate concentration difficulties, treat brain trauma, Parkinson's, and dementia, and improve overall health.
Researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine will investigate factors that facilitate or hinder conversations between physicians and patients about medical misinformation. The study aims to develop a toolkit to increase health literacy and counter misinformation among older adults, who are disproportionately affected by hea...
Researchers have developed a peptide inhibitor called RI-AG03 that effectively prevents Tau protein aggregation in lab and fruit fly studies. The breakthrough targets both major aggregation-promoting 'hotspots' of the Tau protein, potentially paving the way for more effective treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers have successfully transplanted human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal organoid sheets into monkeys with macular holes, resulting in graft survival and maturation of light-detecting cells. The study suggests that this method could become a practical treatment option for difficult macular hole cases.
Researchers review UBA1 loss of function in VEXAS Syndrome, a hematoinflammatory disorder characterized by severe inflammation, cytopenias, and oncogenicity. They explore therapeutic options, including clone-targeting drugs, to combat this challenging disease.
A study found that doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (doxy-PEP) did not significantly alter the overall composition of gut bacteria in individuals who took it for six months. However, the researchers noted signs of resistance building against tetracycline, a class of antibiotics to which doxycycline belongs.
A study of over 1,329 adults and 1,907 caregivers found that two-thirds of adults with food allergies and three-quarters of adult caregivers reported psychological distress related to food allergy. The biggest barrier to access to psychological help was cost, highlighting the need for free or low-cost support.
The new funding supports the first-of-its-kind single-cell mass spectrometer in Maine and one of the first in the country. Researchers can now analyze proteins and metabolites from individual cells, providing unprecedented detail into disease mechanisms.
A new study explores a promising combined therapy for multiple sclerosis, using tolerogenic dendritic cells modified with myelin antigens. Researchers found that these cells from patients have a persistent pro-inflammatory signature, making them less effective compared to those derived from healthy individuals.
A new study aims to increase follow-up care for patients who receive abnormal stool-based fecal immunochemical tests, focusing on improving coordination between primary and specialty clinics. The goal is to improve colorectal cancer screening processes in underserved populations, increasing survival and reducing mortality.
A multicenter study found that specific KRAS mutations in pancreatic cancer can affect patient outcomes, with some variants associated with better overall survival. The research suggests revising clinical guidelines to recommend routine molecular testing in all patients with pancreatic cancer.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health will use visible-light OCT technology to detect biomarkers of neurodegenerative disease, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. The study aims to identify retinal layers and monitor the effects of therapies.
A study suggests that online insomnia treatment, SHUTi, can provide meaningful relief for caregivers struggling with sleep difficulties. The program showed promising results in improving sleep quality and reducing stress among high-intensity caregivers, those shouldering the greatest responsibilities in caring for their loved ones.
Researchers from Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered how a brain cell surface molecule shapes neuron behavior, finding that it suppresses selectivity in neurons. The study's findings may help scientists better understand causes of autism, schizophrenia, and epilepsy.
The latest APA journal issues explore schizophrenia spectrum disorders, PTSD treatment, and college mental health. Research highlights include new approaches to psychosis treatment and findings on mental health in higher education.
Researchers discovered TERT gene activation as a key factor in determining the clinical course of pulmonary carcinoid tumours, with aggressive growth linked to telomerase activation. The study aims to improve treatment planning and targeted therapeutic strategies for cancer types.
Two UCF cancer researchers, Alicja Copik and Debbie Altomare, have received $100,000 grants from the Florida Breast Cancer Foundation to develop new treatments for breast cancer. They focus on enhancing natural killer cells to fight cancer and harnessing the body's immune system to create new therapies.
Researchers developed a new combined therapy for multiple sclerosis, combining tolerogenic dendritic cells with Dimethyl Fumarate to restore immune balance. The treatment showed promise in preclinical studies, reducing symptoms in mice and potentially offering hope for patients worldwide.
Pragmatic clinical trials compare treatments in everyday clinical settings, but adoption of trial findings has been inconsistent. To address this, the authors propose adaptive trial designs to align trial goals with healthcare system needs. By doing so, they aim to generate evidence that truly improves patient care.
Brendan G. Carr, MD, MS, receives the Colin C. Rorrie Award for Excellence in Health Policy, recognized for his work on building regional systems for emergency care and advocating for increased collaboration between public and private sectors. Ugo Ezenkwele, MD, MPH, receives the Leon L. Haley Jr. Award for Excellence in Diversity, Inc...
SEARCH aims to accelerate healthcare innovation by generating FAIRified synthetic data for use in AI/ML models, enabling large-scale data collaborations while preserving privacy and compliance. The hub will deliver reliable methodologies for synthetic data generation, significantly increasing the availability of interoperable datasets.
Researchers have developed a lab-grown spine model that can test the effects of valproic acid on fetal development. The study found that co-treatment with Rapamycin can prevent the negative effects of valproic acid, enabling women to take life-saving medication while having healthy children.
A new American Thoracic Society report provides practical frameworks to address systemic racism in asthma care. The report highlights the need to engage affected communities and critically evaluate funding mechanisms to promote antiracism practices in research.
The expert panel discussion sheds light on the best practices for injecting hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers in the infraorbital hollows. Top surgeons share their preferred fillers and techniques, providing valuable insights for treating undereye dark circles.
The American College of Chest Physicians has released a new clinical guideline on endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) specimen processing and handling to standardize the process. The guidelines aim to improve diagnostic yield and specimen preservation for downstream ancillary testing.