Research on teaching, learning, and how education works. Covers health-tech education, mentorship and fellowships, NIH training grants, and digital learning.
Chemist David L. Van Vranken receives Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award for his studies of protein reactivity patterns, which have led to the development of new drugs targeting cancer and other diseases. His research has also shed light on the effects of aging and environmental factors on proteins in the body.
Chemist Albert Padwa receives Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award for developing fundamental techniques to streamline drug synthesis. He aims to make potential drugs with elegance, high efficiency, and minimal steps.
Chemist Ned A. Porter of Vanderbilt University has discovered how free radicals attack molecules in the body, a process that may be critical to the development of arterial plaque and heart attacks. His work also reveals that antioxidants like vitamins C and E can affect and stop this reaction.
A recent study published in JAMA found that babies born as little as one week prematurely are at increased risk of dying, especially from asphyxia and infection. Mild prematurity was defined as 34 through 36 completed weeks' gestation, while moderate prematurity was defined as 32 through 34 completed weeks' gestation.
A new NIH-funded study will examine the likelihood and determinants of elder neglect by analyzing differences between neglect and non-neglect cases. The study aims to understand the complex dyadic relationship between older adults and their caregivers.
A new UCSF study found that women with advance provision of emergency contraception are three times more likely to use it than those who only received information. The study also found no increase in high-risk sex behavior among women using the morning-after pill.
Researchers at Virginia Tech are studying the effects of specialized exercise on bones in young women to prevent stress fractures. The study will involve 160 women between 18-26 years old and investigate the impact of isokinetic resistance exercises on bone stiffness.
Researchers report a case where cluster headache symptoms appeared without head pain, suggesting primary symptoms. The study follows a 22-year-old man who experienced nasal stuffiness and pupil contraction in his left eye daily for weeks, without pain.
Researchers have connected lesions on the dorsal pons with multiple cases of musical hallucinations, a rare disorder where patients hear music in their mind. The study describes a quick onset of hallucinations without long-term hearing loss and sheds light on the condition's causes.
A recent study has found that long-term Ecstasy use can lead to a significant decrease in serotonin levels in the brain. The research, published by the American Academy of Neurology, reveals that Ecstasy users experience a massive release and depletion of serotonin, which can contribute to behavioral problems such as depression.
The program allows educators to conduct research for the space program while enriching their teaching skills. Basil Antar, a returning fellow, is conducting microgravity research that could lead to better fiber optics, which will improve high-speed computers and digital communications.
Researchers refute earlier research suggesting high triglyceride levels increase heart disease risk in men. In a new study, triglyceride measurements were found to be no help in predicting heart disease in men, unlike women where it was a good predictor of risk of heart attack and death.
Harold McNair, a renowned chemist at Virginia Tech, has been awarded the American Chemical Society's Calvin Giddings Award for his outstanding contributions to analytical chemistry. He was recognized for his work on pesticide analysis using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.
Dr. Steven D. Douglas, a leading expert in immunology, has been recognized with the Erwin Neter Award for his groundbreaking research on innate immunity and disease. He has developed several major diagnostic tests used globally and is a leader in the Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group.
A team of neuroscientists, led by University of Chicago neurologist John Milton, partnered with LPGA professionals to investigate how the brain manages complex physical tasks. They used functional MRI to study how professional golfers prepare to swing a club and how their brains acquire new skills.
Scientists at the University of Illinois Chicago are exploring a novel approach to measuring sleepiness using pupil size, which could revolutionize the diagnosis of sleep disorders. The study aims to establish pupillometry as an objective measure of excessive daytime sleepiness and potentially improve treatment outcomes.
Gwen Lloyd has received a $438,354 NSF CAREER award to develop an integrated program of research and education on teacher learning with innovative K-12 materials. The project aims to promote meaningful changes in prospective teachers' conceptions and classroom practices through the use of reform-oriented curriculum materials.
Researchers at Brown University and the Marine Biological Laboratory have observed herpes simplex virus traveling from nerve endings to nerve cell bodies within living nerve cells. The discovery of a single transport mechanism could lead to better treatment options for potentially lethal viral infections.
The American Sociological Association will host its 95th Annual Meeting in Washington D.C., focusing on themes of oppression, domination, and liberation. The meeting will feature over 500 presentations on topics including inequality, race and racism, work/labor markets, education, and health issues.
Scientists at the University of Illinois have discovered a way to spontaneously assemble chemicals into ribbon-like tubules that resemble bacterial cell walls. These micrometer-sized tubules have potential applications in drug delivery systems and as templates for synthesizing inorganic nanostructured materials.
A national survey of 2,326 physicians found HMO physicians are less satisfied with their jobs compared to those in group practices or solo private practices. Time pressure is a major source of dissatisfaction among all physicians, with HMO physicians wanting additional time with patients.
HIV patients who see empathetic physicians report higher satisfaction rates, with continuity of care and medication adherence being critical factors. Patients who feel less empathetic or uninformed about the disease are more likely to be dissatisfied.
A computer simulation, known as a cyberkid, was used to study how children's problem-solving behavior changes across ages. The study found that 7-year-olds' thinking improves in strategy selection as they grow towards adulthood.
The National Science Foundation has awarded a $1.1 million research grant to the University of Alaska Museum to create the Arctic Archival Observatory, the first NSF-funded observatory of its kind in the U.S. The grant will enhance hands-on opportunities for graduate students and improve access to museum holdings.
Researchers have designed a molecule that selectively inhibits gelatinase enzymes, which help tumors grow and spread. This discovery may lead to new treatments for breast and prostate cancers, as well as other types of cancer and inflammations.
A study by American Academy of Neurology found that 80% of people with cluster headaches also have signs of obstructive sleep apnea, a condition that can trigger the attacks. Treatment of sleep apnea may reduce or eliminate headaches and other related problems.
The American Academy of Neurology has issued guidelines to help determine whether people with Alzheimer's disease should continue driving. Drivers with Alzheimer's have a substantially increased rate of accidents and driving performance errors, posing a significant traffic safety risk.
A community program in rural Maine associated with a significant decrease in heart disease death rates, thanks to its comprehensive approach to tracking patient risk factors and providing lifestyle education. The study suggests that such programs can be an effective way to blunt the worldwide cardiovascular disease epidemic.
The National Cancer Institute has awarded a grant to UCSF researcher Eliseo J. Pérez-Stable to raise awareness about cancer issues in Latinos, promote more research on the subject and train more Latino investigators. The goal is to address unequal burden of cancer in Latino populations through research, training and public awareness.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have developed a new low-fat cheddar formulation that delivers several taste-enhancing compounds. The blend of three bacterial starter cultures reduces bitterness and adds clean, buttery notes, making it an attractive option for health-conscious cheese fanciers.
A study suggests that physician recognition of mental health problems, such as depression, is affected by a patient's race and gender. Physicians were less likely to detect mental health issues in African Americans and Hispanics compared to whites, and also less likely to diagnose in men than women.
Researchers found that genetically modified Bt corn pollen had no adverse effect on black swallowtail caterpillars in field tests. The study's results contradict previous findings for monarch caterpillars, suggesting a safer genetic modification option for non-target species.
Research finds African Americans and others with lower education and income levels have delayed access to HAART, highlighting the need for improved healthcare services. Traditional vulnerable groups, including injection drug users and minority populations, are less likely to receive timely treatment.
A novel treatment for dyslexia significantly improves reading skills in children and shows brain changes as they learn. The study's findings suggest that with the right instruction, dyslexic brains can become more efficient at processing language, leading to improved reading abilities.
Matthew Warman, an assistant professor of genetics and pediatrics at CWRU, has been selected as a Hughes assistant investigator by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He will receive funding for his research on rare and common human genetic diseases, aiming to improve human health.
Scientists at the University of Michigan School of Dentistry have developed a method to create bones from skin and gum tissue cells, which can be used to replace missing bone in living rats. The engineered cells not only deliver bone-forming proteins but also participate directly in bone formation.
A new study reveals that older Latina women are at a higher risk of having low birth weight infants, contradicting previous assumptions. The research, which analyzed data from over 220,000 Mexican-origin Latina women, found that maternal age was a significant factor in determining infant birth weights.
A recent study found that a half-day safety program for kindergarten students showed minimal improvement in basic safety skills. The research compared two groups of children, one that participated in the program and another that did not, but found no significant difference in their scores. This suggests that many safety programs, like ...
A study published in The New England Journal of Medicine found that a high-fiber diet can lower blood glucose levels and decrease insulin levels in patients with type II diabetes. Patients who consumed 50 grams of fiber per day showed a 10% reduction in glucose levels, compared to the recommended 24 grams of fiber per day.
Research found that asthma negatively affects the sex lives of nearly two-thirds of patients, with psychological characteristics like depressive symptoms increasing the risk. The study suggests a potential link between asthma symptoms and sexual activity, highlighting the need for healthcare providers to address this issue.
Scientists have identified an unusual protein in anaerobic bacteria that senses oxygen and causes the bacteria to swim away from it. The protein could lead to the development of new antibiotics and provide insight into the evolution of life.
A study of retired football players found that over half had experienced concussions, leading to increased risk of neurological complaints such as memory problems and numbness in extremities. The survey suggests that repeated blows to the head may cause lasting damage, prompting calls for regular testing to monitor player health.
Research suggests that occupational lead exposure significantly increases the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, particularly among those working in jobs with high levels of lead exposure. The study found a strong correlation between lead exposure and Alzheimer's, while other metals such as aluminum and solvents were not associate...
A study by the American Academy of Neurology found that people with higher levels of non-occupational activities, such as playing a musical instrument or gardening, were less likely to develop Alzheimer's disease later in life. Researchers also discovered that it is never too late to get started with intellectual activities.
Patients with serious neurological conditions have a better chance of survival in Neurological/Neurosurgical Intensive Care Units (Neuro-ICU) compared to general ICUs. The study, presented at the American Academy of Neurology's Annual Meeting, found a 3.3-fold increase in hospital mortality among patients not in a Neuro-ICU.
A new study found that asthma patients who experience more depressive symptoms have a lower quality of life. The study also showed that household income is negatively correlated with the level of depressive symptoms among patients.
Researchers found that spices can shield bacteria from irradiation by protecting their DNA, with chili and black pepper offering the highest protection. The study suggests spice extracts could be used to protect healthy tissue in radiation therapy.
Researchers test new fragrances to bait coyotes into consuming birth control drugs, aiming to reduce attacks on livestock and wildlife. The approach aims to decrease the need for lethal methods like shooting, which have cost farmers millions in lost earnings.
A new study suggests that ginkgo extract may help protect the brain against stroke damage by reducing the extent of brain damage caused by free radicals. However, more work is needed to determine the proper dose and ensure its safety for humans at risk for stroke due to potential blood-thinning risks.
A new drug, modafinil, has been shown to effectively treat fatigue in multiple sclerosis patients, with over 85% of participants able to identify the active ingredient. The study found that modafinil improved fatigue severity and had minimal side effects, making it a promising first-line treatment for MS patients.
Two studies found that large managed behavioral health organizations deny fewer treatment services than previously thought, while also reducing costs. The private sector outperformed VA hospitals on most quality measures, but the VA treats a more troubled population and has improved over time.
Researchers found that weight resistance exercises improved strength and independence among frail elderly participants, enabling them to perform daily activities more independently. The training also led to reduced hospitalizations and deaths, with shorter average hospital stays for those who exercised.
More than 1,500 original research studies on urologic diseases will be presented at the meeting, including prostate cancer, male and female sexual dysfunction, incontinence, and kidney stone disease. Key findings include data on prostate cancer costs, PSA screening, and outcomes after radical prostatectomy.
Researchers have identified a new strain of antibiotic-resistant salmonella bacteria in the US, prompting concerns over effective treatment options. The bacteria, which is resistant to cephalosporins, has been linked to outbreaks in poultry and other foods, posing a significant threat to public health.
A recent study found that nearly 20% of smokers who attempted to quit in California used smoking cessation aids, including self-help materials, counseling, and nicotine replacement therapy. The use of these aids increased the odds of success in quitting, with 15% of those who sought assistance abstaining from cigarettes for 12 months.
A new study published in The Milbank Quarterly found that employers play a significant role in shaping workers' decisions about health plans. Sixty-six percent of employees rely on their employers for health plan information and use this information to make informed choices.
The National Reading Panel concludes that a combination of teaching phonics, word sounds, and providing feedback on oral reading is the most effective way to teach children to read. The panel's rigorous scientific review identifies systematic phonics instruction as a key component of classroom reading instruction.
Dr. Sanjay Raman is developing single IC chip technology that can integrate antennas and electronics in wireless devices, enabling smaller devices with vast applications in military, medical, and environmental fields. He also aims to create comprehensive communications curriculums at Virginia Tech.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago found a common genetic link between diverse age-related diseases, including cancer and Alzheimer's disease. The activation of the p21 gene may contribute to the development of these diseases by stopping cells from growing and dividing.
The Albert B. Sabin Heroes of Science Awards recognize individuals who have made significant contributions to biomedical research, including vaccine development and transplant surgery. This year's awardees include Dave and Lynn Frohnmayer, Maurice R. Hilleman, Francis Daniels Moore, Ruth L. Kirschstein, and John Edward Porter.