Articles tagged with Education Research
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Research found that asthma negatively affects the sex lives of nearly two-thirds of patients, with psychological characteristics like depressive symptoms increasing the risk. The study suggests a potential link between asthma symptoms and sexual activity, highlighting the need for healthcare providers to address this issue.
Scientists have identified an unusual protein in anaerobic bacteria that senses oxygen and causes the bacteria to swim away from it. The protein could lead to the development of new antibiotics and provide insight into the evolution of life.
A study of retired football players found that over half had experienced concussions, leading to increased risk of neurological complaints such as memory problems and numbness in extremities. The survey suggests that repeated blows to the head may cause lasting damage, prompting calls for regular testing to monitor player health.
Research suggests that occupational lead exposure significantly increases the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, particularly among those working in jobs with high levels of lead exposure. The study found a strong correlation between lead exposure and Alzheimer's, while other metals such as aluminum and solvents were not associate...
A study by the American Academy of Neurology found that people with higher levels of non-occupational activities, such as playing a musical instrument or gardening, were less likely to develop Alzheimer's disease later in life. Researchers also discovered that it is never too late to get started with intellectual activities.
Patients with serious neurological conditions have a better chance of survival in Neurological/Neurosurgical Intensive Care Units (Neuro-ICU) compared to general ICUs. The study, presented at the American Academy of Neurology's Annual Meeting, found a 3.3-fold increase in hospital mortality among patients not in a Neuro-ICU.
A new study found that asthma patients who experience more depressive symptoms have a lower quality of life. The study also showed that household income is negatively correlated with the level of depressive symptoms among patients.
Researchers found that spices can shield bacteria from irradiation by protecting their DNA, with chili and black pepper offering the highest protection. The study suggests spice extracts could be used to protect healthy tissue in radiation therapy.
Researchers test new fragrances to bait coyotes into consuming birth control drugs, aiming to reduce attacks on livestock and wildlife. The approach aims to decrease the need for lethal methods like shooting, which have cost farmers millions in lost earnings.
A new study suggests that ginkgo extract may help protect the brain against stroke damage by reducing the extent of brain damage caused by free radicals. However, more work is needed to determine the proper dose and ensure its safety for humans at risk for stroke due to potential blood-thinning risks.
A new drug, modafinil, has been shown to effectively treat fatigue in multiple sclerosis patients, with over 85% of participants able to identify the active ingredient. The study found that modafinil improved fatigue severity and had minimal side effects, making it a promising first-line treatment for MS patients.
Two studies found that large managed behavioral health organizations deny fewer treatment services than previously thought, while also reducing costs. The private sector outperformed VA hospitals on most quality measures, but the VA treats a more troubled population and has improved over time.
Researchers found that weight resistance exercises improved strength and independence among frail elderly participants, enabling them to perform daily activities more independently. The training also led to reduced hospitalizations and deaths, with shorter average hospital stays for those who exercised.
More than 1,500 original research studies on urologic diseases will be presented at the meeting, including prostate cancer, male and female sexual dysfunction, incontinence, and kidney stone disease. Key findings include data on prostate cancer costs, PSA screening, and outcomes after radical prostatectomy.
Researchers have identified a new strain of antibiotic-resistant salmonella bacteria in the US, prompting concerns over effective treatment options. The bacteria, which is resistant to cephalosporins, has been linked to outbreaks in poultry and other foods, posing a significant threat to public health.
A recent study found that nearly 20% of smokers who attempted to quit in California used smoking cessation aids, including self-help materials, counseling, and nicotine replacement therapy. The use of these aids increased the odds of success in quitting, with 15% of those who sought assistance abstaining from cigarettes for 12 months.
A new study published in The Milbank Quarterly found that employers play a significant role in shaping workers' decisions about health plans. Sixty-six percent of employees rely on their employers for health plan information and use this information to make informed choices.
The National Reading Panel concludes that a combination of teaching phonics, word sounds, and providing feedback on oral reading is the most effective way to teach children to read. The panel's rigorous scientific review identifies systematic phonics instruction as a key component of classroom reading instruction.
Dr. Sanjay Raman is developing single IC chip technology that can integrate antennas and electronics in wireless devices, enabling smaller devices with vast applications in military, medical, and environmental fields. He also aims to create comprehensive communications curriculums at Virginia Tech.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago found a common genetic link between diverse age-related diseases, including cancer and Alzheimer's disease. The activation of the p21 gene may contribute to the development of these diseases by stopping cells from growing and dividing.
The Albert B. Sabin Heroes of Science Awards recognize individuals who have made significant contributions to biomedical research, including vaccine development and transplant surgery. This year's awardees include Dave and Lynn Frohnmayer, Maurice R. Hilleman, Francis Daniels Moore, Ruth L. Kirschstein, and John Edward Porter.
The NIH has awarded nine grants totaling $12.8 million to investigate the role of genetics in determining how medicines work in the human body and what side effects people may experience. These studies aim to develop more personalized medicine approaches through pharmacogenetics research.
A recent study by Dr. Andreas Constantinou suggests that soy protein mixes without isoflavones may be more effective in reducing mammary gland tumors in rats than previously thought. The study also found that the anti-tumor ingredient in soy works by increasing detoxification enzymes that eliminate free radicals.
The 96th Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers features presentations on various topics, including urban heat islands, research with blind pedestrians, and analysis of divorce trends. The meeting highlights innovative technologies to aid visually impaired individuals and explores population growth patterns in small ...
A new study from Toronto researchers has found a way to more accurately predict the cognitive recovery of severe head injury patients. By combining predictive methods with factors such as age and duration of unconsciousness, doctors can now make more informed decisions about patient discharge, reducing the risk of premature discharge.
Researchers are exploring alternative methods for delivering drugs, including handheld electronic inhalers, dry powder injection and implantable microchips. These innovative systems have the potential to deliver precise doses of medication in a faster and more efficient manner than traditional hypodermic needles.
Researchers are developing new compounds, including epothilones and bryostatins, derived from natural products to inhibit cancer growth. Vaccines targeting tumor-specific antigens are also being explored to prevent recurrence after conventional treatment.
The Howard Hughes Medical Institute has awarded nearly $1.6 million in grants to support research experiences for Maryland high school students and science teachers. The awards include funding for student internships at the National Institutes of Health and teacher training and curriculum development.
Graduate student Alex Kandel's outstanding research on chlorine atoms interacting with methane and ethane was recognized by the American Chemical Society, with funding support from Mallinckrodt Baker Inc. for his discovery of a new laser technique called photoloc
George Samara, a chemist from Albuquerque, NM, has been honored by the American Chemical Society for his exceptional research management skills. He was awarded the Earle B. Barnes Award for Leadership in Chemical Research Management for his contributions to advancing solar cell technology and developing unique semiconducting materials.
Chaitan Khosla, a Palo Alto-based researcher, has developed ways to genetically engineer microorganisms to produce complex natural compounds. His approach allows researchers to create new pathways in biologically friendly organisms, making it possible to harvest useful substances from slow-growing bacteria.
Alex S. Kandel, a post-doctoral chemistry student at Pennsylvania State University, has been recognized for his outstanding research on fundamental molecular behavior and reactions. He discovered that making chlorine react with methane requires energy, while the reaction of chlorine and ethane releases energy.
George B. Kauffman, a renowned chemist from Fresno, has been honored with the American Chemical Society Award for Research at an Undergraduate Institution. He is recognized for his dedication to encouraging students to be imaginative and independent in their research projects.
Gabor A. Somorjai's research has revolutionized surface science and its applications, enabling the development of smaller, more complex devices. His work demonstrates that surfaces are flexible and adjust to the chemistry as it occurs, leading to breakthroughs in various fields.
Samuel Danishefsky has developed anti-cancer vaccines that stimulate the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells. His research also explores laboratory versions of natural products with potential to combat cancer. Several vaccines are entering Phase II and III clinical trials to test their effectiveness.
Hoffman's groundbreaking work led to the discovery of primordial plutonium and seaborgium, with a focus on symmetrical mass division in spontaneous fission. Her ongoing research continues to advance our understanding of nuclear chemistry and its applications.
Chemist John D. Corbett is recognized for his pioneering work in inorganic chemistry, leading to the discovery of novel solid-state compounds with unique structures and properties. His research has enabled the development of products such as cell-phone batteries, catalytic converters, and corrosion-resistant alloys.
The TMJ Association has launched a national awareness campaign to raise awareness about jaw joint diseases, which affect over 10 million Americans, mostly women. The campaign aims to promote quality research and improved treatments for the condition, which causes debilitating pain and dysfunction.
A team of researchers has discovered that hazelnuts contain the potent anticancer agent paclitaxel, which could reduce the cost of the commercial drug Taxol. The finding may also stimulate competition among drug manufacturers, leading to cheaper prices for cancer patients.
Dr. F. Ann Walker, a researcher on the kissing bug, will present her award-winning research on heme proteins and Chagas' disease at the American Chemical Society meeting. The study highlights the intersection of entomology, inorganic biochemistry, medicine, and anthropology.
A study found that volunteers' community activities, such as bingo nights and promotions, significantly increased mammography use among rural residents. The approach also led to increases in mammography among uninsured women and those without female physicians.
Three Cedars-Sinai physicians are leading a fight against women's cancers through innovative research, clinical care, and genetic screenings. Beth Karlan focuses on curing and preventing ovarian cancer, while Maren Scheuner develops personalized prevention plans for breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers.
Participation in breast cancer support groups can help women cope and function better when their spouses are not supportive. However, for those with adequate support at home, peer-discussion groups may worsen daily functioning. The study suggests that exposure to weekly discussions may re-evaluate relationships or spur conflict at home.
Researchers at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia have demonstrated that computer crash simulation software can successfully predict the likelihood and severity of injuries to children from airbag activation. The study found that airbags pose a significant risk to restrained children, particularly in high-severity crashes.
A new University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill study confirms that Thoroughbred horse racing is also a sport of serious injuries. Researchers found 6,545 injuries among 2,700 licensed jockeys over a four-year period, with most head injuries resulting from being thrown or struck by the horse's head.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that longer-term methadone maintenance therapy significantly surpasses short-term detoxification and psychosocial counseling. The study revealed higher treatment retention rates and lower heroin use rates among participants in the MMT group compared to those...
Researchers from the University of Illinois at Chicago and the University of Stellenbosch isolated six chemical compounds with antimicrobial activity in chewing sticks used in Namibia, demonstrating their effectiveness in removing plaque and massaging gums.
A survey of family physicians found that those with a prior history of depression or somatic complaints were less likely to consider the possibility of serious illnesses and order testing. Cognitive shortcuts can be helpful but also lead to false generalizations, highlighting the need for awareness among physicians.
A recent study of outpatients taking prescription drugs found that drug complications may be long lasting and have additional negative consequences, including patient dissatisfaction with care. The most common side effects were gastrointestinal ailments, sleep disruptions, mood changes, and tiredness.
A new study by the University of Toronto found that children who had a daily activity program in Grades 1 to 6 showed no advantages in aerobic fitness 20 years later. The study highlights the importance of developing lasting skills and attitudes in physical education programs.
Researchers developed Diffraction Enhanced Imaging (DEI), a new X-ray imaging method that produces significantly better pictures of breast tissue than conventional X-rays. The technology has shown superior tumor visibility in six out of seven specimens, and further work aims to make it clinically portable.
A Cornell psychologist has challenged the idea of universal music experiences across cultures by finding a Western bias in the explanation. Research suggests that expectations play a crucial role in our emotional response to music, and that this may be specific to Western musical backgrounds. The study's findings have implications for ...
A study by University of Chicago researchers found that doctors predict their terminally ill patients will live 5.3 times longer than they actually do, leading to unsatisfactory end-of-life care. The study suggests that some improvements may be made by having disinterested doctors provide predictive second opinions.
Dr. John Craig Venter and Professor Edward Wilson were awarded the Science prize for their work in biology, while Dr. Cynthia Kenyon won the Medicine prize for her research on aging. Their discoveries have led to significant advancements in understanding human genomes and developing hormone-based treatments.
A recent study found that heavy drinking during adolescence can cause significant damage to thinking abilities, particularly information recall. The researchers also discovered a link between withdrawal experiences and poorer neuropsychological functioning in adolescents.
Two studies found that nearly 40% of rural East Texas stroke patients arrived too late to receive tissue plasminogen activator (TPA), a treatment that can reverse stroke effects. The delay was often due to lack of knowledge about calling 911 or in-hospital delays.
A recent study found that nearly one-third of patients with suspected stroke symptoms were not properly diagnosed or treated by their primary care physicians. The researchers emphasize the need for urgent evaluation and prevention measures to reduce stroke risk, as these early symptoms can predict future events.
The National Research Council will assemble a committee of experts to consider how undergraduates can gain knowledge and skills needed for research careers in the rapidly changing biomedical sciences. The committee will produce a report with recommendations, along with case studies and a review of best practices.
A study using fMRI scans found that sleep-deprived subjects displayed increased activity in the prefrontal cortex, while verbal learning tasks activated the parietal lobes, which showed better memory performance. The brain's compensation for sleep deprivation varies depending on the cognitive task.
The American Liver Foundation will honor Dr. John M. Vierling for his significant advances in understanding autoimmune and alloimmune liver diseases, as well as Dr. Andrew J. Conrad for his impact on chronic viral infections diagnosis and management. The foundation's recognition dinner will take place on February 11.