A recent study found that stopping regular blood transfusions in children with sickle cell disease who are at risk for a stroke means their stroke risk likely returns. The study, which involved 41 children, showed that within a few months of halting transfusion, 14 children resumed at-risk status and two had strokes.
Dr. Olson and Dr. Abraham Rudolph receive the Pollin Prize for their work on congenital heart disease and gene control. Their research has advanced understanding and treatment of this common birth defect.
Research suggests adult children's ability to predict their parents' wishes is influenced by family dynamics and interaction style. Children who perceive closer relationships are often better at guessing parental preferences, while autonomy and personal growth are poorly predicted decisions.
The study found that pressures at 20% of body weight measured 70 mmHg on the left shoulder and 110 mmHg on the right shoulder - skin surface pressures that are more than double and triple the threshold for reduced blood flow. The researchers hope their findings will influence future backpack design to promote safety and comfort.
Dr. Tallie Z. Baram has been awarded the Epilepsy Research Recognition Award for her pioneering research on childhood febrile seizures and their potential link to adult epilepsy. Her work aims to develop new treatments that can calm childhood seizures without harming adults.
A recent study published in the journal Sleep found that preschool-aged children are getting significantly less sleep than the recommended amount, with only 8.7 hours of sleep per night and less than 9.5 hours including naps. The research suggests that this may have serious implications for their physical and cognitive development.
A study led by Northwestern University researchers suggests that Kawasaki disease is caused by a single respiratory viral agent, entering through the lungs and infecting bronchi. The research provides new insights into the disease's cause and course, and may lead to new treatments.
New Jersey Institute of Technology researchers are developing technologies to assist children with cerebral palsy, including a robotic arm that guides human motion and interactive video games to promote motor skill improvement. The goal is to enhance the children's quality of life by reducing stiffness in their joints.
A study found that early cognitive deficits in premature infants, such as poorer attention and recognition memory, fully account for lower cognitive scores at 2- and 3-years-old. The researchers also discovered a cascade of effects where speed influenced memory, which then impacted general cognitive ability.
A study found that children aged 4-13 can remember event details well, but lack temporal context, having significant implications for child testimony in legal cases. Researchers discovered that many abilities needed to reconstruct times were present by age 6.
The study found that children who ate out more frequently had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lower levels of good cholesterol, and smaller LDL particle size. They also consumed more starch, sugar, sodium, fat, and cholesterol than their peers who ate at home.
Research at the University of Washington reveals that infants as young as 9 months old begin to follow gaze-following behavior, which is crucial for understanding emotions and learning language. By 18 months, babies who mastered this skill earlier understand nearly twice as many words.
Recent pre-K study shows significant improvements in reading, writing, and spelling abilities. Early Head Start participants exhibit enhanced family support for children's learning, social-emotional development, and health. The programs benefit disadvantaged children and Hispanic youth.
Math learning disorder (Math LD) is more prevalent than previously thought, with estimates suggesting it affects up to six percent of school-age children. Researchers found that Math LD often co-occurs with reading disability and that current strategies for identifying LD may overlook this association.
A ferret study found that restoration of binocular vision began in as little as 30 minutes and improved significantly within four hours. The researchers discovered that blocking protein synthesis did not affect recovery, suggesting preserved basic visual wiring during deprivation.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that cooling newborns to prevent death and injury from oxygen deprivation during birth may reduce infant disability and death. After 18-22 months, 44% of cooled infants developed moderate to severe disabilities or died, compared to 62% of those receiving standard care.
Researchers found that language activity in the brain becomes more evenly distributed between both hemispheres with age, allowing for potential rehabilitation. This shift may explain why young children who have had a portion of their brain removed can recover completely.
Children living closer to freeways are more likely to develop asthma, according to a new study published in the journal Epidemiology. Higher levels of nitrogen dioxide around their homes also increased the risk of developing asthma.
Researchers found that Neanderthals' tooth growth rate was comparable to that of modern humans, suggesting they may not have had a shorter childhood than us. The study used microscopic lines on teeth to estimate growth rates and found that Neanderthal enamel formation times fell within the range of three modern populations.
Researchers analyzed data from 674 families with same-sex adolescent pairs to explore the connections between environmental factors and individual traits. The study found three key factors: overall adjustment, independence, and parental monitoring, which explained the complexity of family relationships.
A study found that victimized children develop more negative self-perceptions and beliefs about their peers, leading to increased aggressive behavior. School programs can counteract these effects by teaching positive peer interactions and social competence.
Research found that physically abused children showed increased emotional arousal and focus on threat signs during a calm-anger-resolve conversation. They remained alert after the conflict resolved, suggesting anxiety about environmental aspects others may overlook.
A new single-dose ciprofloxacin treatment has been shown to be effective in treating childhood cholera, with 60% of cases cured within 48 hours. However, the new treatment is less effective at eradicating the cholera bacteria from stool compared to a 12-dose course of erythromycin.
Long-term Afghan refugees experience a high incidence of injuries, with falls, assaults, and road traffic accidents being common causes. The study emphasizes the importance of integrating injury-prevention research into refugee health care programs to address this critical public health issue.
A new study aims to develop models of care that address socio-economic and environmental issues threatening the health of Aboriginal children. The research will investigate successful models of care in rural and remote areas, with a goal of establishing an evidence-base for future use.
Researchers found that abstract symbols can lead 3-year-olds to choose smaller rewards over larger ones, improving their impulse control. In contrast, tangible objects like candy often tempt children towards bigger rewards.
A new study published in The Lancet found that newborn screening for childhood hearing impairment leads to increased referrals before 6 months of age, ultimately contributing to better language and speech development. Early intervention programs can also mitigate deficits in children with bilateral PCHI.
A Yale University study will examine dietary calcium insufficiency in inner city infants, highlighting the alarming trends of decreased calcium intake over the past 30 years. The research aims to establish guidelines for calcium in infants below age three and predict a 10-20% prevalence of abnormal biomarkers.
Researchers discovered that children with Nonverbal Learning Disability (NLD) struggle to recognize faces, particularly immediately after seeing them. The study's findings open up new avenues for research into this condition, which affects less than 1% of the population.
A global study found that children of diverse cultures pass a false-belief task between ages 3 and 5, indicating a universal milestone in child development. This discovery challenges the idea that Western concepts influence early mental-state reasoning.
A recent study found that individuals with obesity and extreme obesity are more likely to experience injuries compared to those with normal weight. Overexertion and falls were the most common causes of non-fatal injuries among obese participants, while underweight individuals reported the fewest injuries.
Research found that children can recognize and discount self-interested statements by age 7, yet struggle to grasp unintentional biases. By age 11, they better understand situational bias as a possible explanation for what people say.
A study by the NICHD Early Child Care Research Network found that children from families experiencing poverty at any age during early childhood did not perform as well as those who were never poor. The quality of home environments also dropped over time if families became poor after the child was 4.
Research finds that after-school program participation significantly improves reading achievement and motivates students. Highly engaged program staff also boosts motivation, highlighting the importance of engaging content and activities to foster long-term academic improvements in disadvantaged children.
A new study published in the Archives of Neurology found that using Lorenzo's Oil can prevent the onset of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) in a majority of young boys. The treatment, which involves daily oral doses of olive oil and rapeseed oil, showed a significant preventive effect in nearly three-fourths of patients.
A new study by Stanford/Packard researchers found that nitric oxide has varying effects on premature infants. Infants weighing over 1,000 grams benefited from the treatment, with a decreased likelihood of death or long-term lung damage. In contrast, those under 2 pounds experienced higher brain hemorrhage and mortality rates.
Researchers discovered that preemie brains can regrow neurons and glial cells in response to injury. The study suggests that the mammalian brain is more plastic than previously thought, allowing it to recover from serious brain injuries.
According to a new study, $5.1 billion could save the lives of 6 million children annually by implementing community-based health interventions. These interventions, which include vaccines and preventive treatments for common childhood illnesses, could reduce the current annual cost of treatment by over 60%.
Researchers are exploring the use of interactive humanoids like RUBI and QRIO in educational environments. The robots are attending a UCSD nursery school as part of a long-term study to advance the field of real-time, social robotics.
A study conducted by George Hollich and colleagues found that moderate background noise can distract infants from learning language, emphasizing the need for visual cues. The research showed that when infants could see a speaker's face while hearing them speak, they focused longer on the spoken word.
Dyslexia researchers propose that the condition stems from difficulty in filtering out visual noise, affecting pattern recognition and language comprehension. The study suggests that programs helping children form sharper perceptual categories could supplement existing interventions.
The lack of effective cancer therapy access in developing countries is a pressing issue, with over 60% of children lacking treatment options. Experts propose twinning partnerships between institutions to improve pediatric cancer care through education and training.
Children as young as kindergarten begin to question self-interest statements, but only start endorsing biases equally plausible for incorrect statements in sixth grade. Most elementary school age children are harsher judges of others than adults and older children.
A Queen's University study found that judges correctly identify child liars at only slightly above chance levels and perform better than law students. The research also shows that defence lawyers often ask inappropriate questions to children, leaving them at a disadvantage.
A study found that attempts to change anti-vaccine attitudes can lead to increased opposition, damaging physician-patient relationships. Researchers discovered that after presenting evidence-based information or hearing from a polio survivor, some participants became more opposed to vaccination.
A study found that 63% of children of incarcerated mothers had insecure relationships with their mothers and caregivers. Children's reactions to separation from their mothers typically included sadness, worry, confusion, anger, loneliness, fear, sleep problems, and developmental regressions.
Children who face obstacles in resolving conflicts exhibit significant changes to their goals, prioritizing retaliation over relationship-oriented objectives. Poorly adjusted children may need social skills interventions focusing on maintaining adaptive goal combinations during challenging interactions.
The frontal cortex, a brain region controlling multi-tasking, continues to develop until age 17. The ability to remember single pieces of spatial information develops by age 11-12, while strategic self-organized thinking takes longer to mature.
A study found that when children are part of a group that excludes others and is threatened by outsiders, they reveal the most prejudice. However, race affects willingness to change groups, with same-race membership being preferred.
The study investigates individual differences in language development among 4.5-year-old twins, finding that genetic and environmental influences shape both average and low-ability language skills. The results suggest a shared role of genetics and environment in shaping language abilities in boys and girls.
A survey of 2,100 parents found that age plays a significant role in choosing discipline methods. Parents who were raised with spanks and time-outs more likely to use these methods on their own children. Only 60% of parents feel their discipline strategies are effective, prompting pediatricians to offer guidance.
A recent study has found Botox to be highly effective in treating severe drooling in children with neurologic conditions. The procedure was successful in approximately 70% of the tested patients, resulting in significant improvement without any serious side effects.
Infants at medical risk, such as premature babies or those exposed to lead or drugs, exhibit distinct cry patterns that may indicate neurological problems. Cry analysis, supported by previous studies, can help identify undetected damage in high-risk infants.
SourceLifespan·JournalMental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews·DateMay 16, 2005
Teen athletes may have an advantage when traveling across time zones, as they can wake up later and feel more alert. Chronic sleep deprivation from irregular schedules, part-time jobs, and social activities can severely impair morning performance.
A recent study by Cardiff University suggests that frequent and poorly resolved conflicts between parents can have a negative impact on children's emotional, behavioural, and academic development. The study found that children living in such family environments are at greater risk for deficits in academic achievement.
Research finds that prenatal cocaine exposure is associated with smaller head circumference at birth and less optimal home environments, leading to mild effects on developmental outcomes. These effects persist into childhood, particularly as children face increased demands in the formal school years.
Researchers have identified behaviors in infants as young as six months that can predict autism. The Autism Observation Scale for Infants (AOSI) maps the development of infants against 16 risk markers for autism, including passivity and social interaction difficulties.
A new study published in JAMA found that low-birthweight infants have elevated levels of apolipoprotein C-1, a biomarker associated with an increased risk of heart disease. Infants born at 28 weeks or earlier and weighing less than 3.4 pounds were more likely to have high apo C-1 levels.
A review of treatments for pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) in children reveals an acute need for more research into diagnosing the condition. The study found that only four per cent of blood clots in children presented without any risk factors, highlighting the importance of recognizing symptoms.
A Hopkins study found that treating older children with amblyopia can be effective in improving vision. The research challenged traditional age-based treatment guidelines, showing success in teenagers as young as 13. While some visual impairment remains, the treatment offers hope for improved sight.