Research programs focused on child health and development. Covers pediatric research standards, infant nutrition and sleep, rare disorders, and childhood diabetes.
A study published in Pediatrics found that an average of 9,400 children under 20 receive emergency medical care each year due to lawn mower-related injuries. The majority of injuries occur when children are between 10-11 years old, with lacerations and soft tissue injuries being the leading causes.
Researchers have confirmed that infants can detect arithmetic errors, challenging the idea that executive attention systems develop later in childhood. The study used brain-monitoring technology to analyze infant responses to math problems, finding that they looked longer at screens with incorrect solutions.
A recent study found that approximately 26,000 US children under 19 years old were treated in emergency rooms for escalator-related injuries between 1990-2002. Young children, particularly those under five years old, accounted for the largest number of injuries and entrapment incidents.
A new study found that an in-store safety intervention significantly increased the use of child safety-restraints in shopping carts. The intervention, which included greeters and a cash incentive coupon, led to a 34% increase in correct restraint use.
A mother's attentiveness to her baby's distress is more important than positive feedback for secure attachment. Researcher Nancy McElwain found that sensitivity during times of distress, not nondistress, predicts attachment security at 15 months.
Research finds that reducing child-to-caregiver ratios from five to three improves emotional support, structure, and instruction in childcare settings. This leads to better behavior and well-being in children, particularly infants.
Research found that daily reading by English-speaking mothers at 14 months predicted greater language comprehension and vocabulary in toddlers. Non-English speaking families also benefited from daily reading, with significant improvements in language and cognitive development.
A recent study found that toddlers exposed to cigarette smoke in utero show higher levels of behavior problems from 12 through 24 months. The research indicates an association between prenatal exposure and specific types of disruptive behavior, particularly social aspects such as aggression and refusal to follow directions.
Research shows that children as young as 9-10 years old consider a character's race when deciding what is fair. The study found that fourth graders gave greater shares to white needy characters than black needy characters, while black productive characters received greater shares than white productive characters.
A large study has found that parents are not to blame for late talking toddlers, as environmental and neuro-developmental factors play a greater role in language emergence. Children with siblings or family history of late talkers are at higher risk, while education, income, and mental health have no impact.
Florida State University has been awarded a $6-million grant from the federal government to conduct research on learning disabilities and dyslexia in children. The center will enable FSU researchers to conduct behavioral and genetic studies involving thousands of Florida children with dyslexia.
Researchers tracked brain activity in newborns, 6-month-olds, and one-year-olds using magnetic field technology. The study found that the areas responsible for listening and speaking in the brain are linked by age, indicating that infants form connections between perception and production of speech through experience.
A 14-year study found that consumer fireworks cause an alarming number of serious preventable injuries among pediatric users and bystanders in the US. The study estimates over 85,800 pediatric fireworks-related injuries treated in emergency departments from 1990 to 2003.
A team of researchers is developing new diagnostic tools to identify biological markers that predict brain injury in children with FASD, aiming to minimize the effects on development. Simple eye movement tasks can assess brain function and will be used to develop individualized therapeutic interventions.
A new study by Vanderbilt University researchers suggests that helping children handle stress and emotions may help alleviate stuttering. The study found that children who stutter are more likely to be emotionally aroused in everyday situations, have difficulty controlling their attention, and take longer to calm down.
Researchers at the University of British Columbia have successfully prevented Huntington disease in a mouse model by blocking the cleavage of the mutant huntingtin protein. This discovery provides new hope for effective treatment and potentially a cure for the devastating disorder.
A study of 7-11 year olds reveals that celebrities, including David Beckham, have a greater impact on their interests than branded products. Children see Beckham as both a hero and villain, using his actions to understand right and wrong.
A new study by Mathematica Policy Research found that Hispanic 3-year-olds are more likely to be obese than their black and white counterparts. The research surveyed over 2,500 children born in US hospitals between 1998 and 2000, and adjusted for socioeconomic factors such as education level and access to food.
A new study from the University of Utah Health found that children are more likely to be hit by minivans and trucks than by cars while playing in driveways. The research highlights the importance of educating parents and young children about safe play and established rules.
Children born between 34-36 weeks gestation are at a significantly higher risk of developing hyperactivity disorder. Low birthweight babies, especially those weighing 1500-2499g, are also at increased risk. Risk factors include single parenthood, social and economic deprivation, and young age at parenthood.
A recent study by Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute found that pregnant women who are not anemic should take iron supplements weekly, rather than daily. This approach reduces the risk of iron overload and birth complications, while still providing benefits for iron supplementation.
A recent study found 14 cases of direct adverse events associated with pediatric spinal manipulation, including serious events like hemorrhage and paraplegia. The research team is now working on developing a more effective reporting system to collect data on outcomes, including harms.
Toddlers learn more effectively from interactive videos that engage in conversation and use social cues, rather than passive videos. The study found that non-interactive videos were dismissed by toddlers due to the lack of perceived interaction.
A literature review reveals children learn about objective nonobservables like germs through matter-of-fact discussions. They also contribute to their understanding and appear more confident in scientific subjects than spiritual ones.
Researchers analyzed data from nearly 3,000 children and found small but reliable associations between child-care provider relationships and measures of attachment. Long-term stability of care was linked to secure relationships with providers.
Researchers found that toddlers prefer learning from videos with two-way interaction and social cues, such as eye contact. The study suggests using interactive video in educational television for young children, providing a more engaging and effective learning experience.
A national survey of junior tennis coaches found that over half of parents have a positive influence on their children's development, but more than a third are harmful. Coaches identified excessive focus on winning, unrealistic expectations, and criticising as common problems, scoring them highly in terms of seriousness.
Researchers found that children with childhood-onset arthritis are at higher risk of fractures, especially after age 45. The study analyzed medical records of 1,959 patients and compared them to a control group of 207,000 patients, revealing a significant association between JIA and increased fracture rates.
Researchers studied 140 infants with mild bilirubin levels and found no significant differences in IQ, behavior, or neurological diagnoses compared to control group. The study suggests proper treatment can prevent long-term neurological issues, providing reassurance for parents.
Researchers will investigate the biological processes linking exercise with disease in children, examining how exercise impacts growth, development, and immune function. The goal is to develop effective exercise programs to lower obesity rates and improve health outcomes for children with chronic diseases.
Researchers estimate 27,152 glasses-related injuries treated in US emergency departments between 2002-2003. Injuries varied by age group, with falls and sports causing most cases. Protecting eyes with safety eyewear can prevent many of these injuries.
A study published in Nature found that caspase-12 deficient mice are resistant to peritonitis and septic shock, clearing pathogenic bacteria more efficiently. The absence of caspase-12 reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine production, increasing vulnerability to bacterial infection and septic mortality.
A new study uses a salivary test to measure alpha amylase levels in children, finding that social relationships with mothers and teachers influence stress responses. The findings suggest that individual differences in alpha amylase levels can be linked to social problems, aggressive behavior, and cognitive/academic difficulties.
A group intervention program has been shown to improve the psychological and emotional well-being of young siblings with chronic illness or developmental disabilities. The program increased their knowledge of their sibling's condition, feelings of connectedness, and competence.
A recent study published in Cancer found that parent-child HRQL assessments are significantly similar, with correlations most consistent in families with cancer. However, parents tend to overestimate their child's physical function and experience greater challenges.
A study found that Japanese encephalitis is prevalent in Bali, particularly among children under 10 years old. The annual incidence rate for this age group was 8.2 per 100,000, resulting in nine deaths and 31 cases of serious neurological disability.
A new childhood-onset epilepsy disorder, cortical dysplasia-focal epilepsy syndrome (CDFE), has been identified in a group of Old Order Amish children. The disorder is caused by a genetic mutation in the CASPR2 protein, which plays a crucial role in maintaining physical contacts between neurons and neighboring glial cells.
A study found that developmentally delayed young children exhibit high levels of stability in their peer interactions, enabling early identification of those at risk for problems. Interventions focusing on promoting peer relationships during the early childhood period are suggested to address these challenges.
Researchers found that 10-month-old infants can learn two new words in a single session, pairing words with the object they find most interesting. This discovery suggests that babies are actively listening and learning language from birth, highlighting the importance of talking about their interests to aid language development.
A systematic review found that structured forms and checklists can help healthcare professionals record child protection issues more effectively. Certain types of training also improved knowledge and attitudes towards child protection, boosting the speed of response to concerns.
Researchers argue that environmental pollution disproportionately affects minority groups, particularly African-American children in low-income families. The authors propose the creation and strict enforcement of effective public policies to address lead exposure and pesticide prevention.
A study of over 4500 women reveals that nearly 10% of repeat cesarean deliveries have no documented reason, emphasizing the importance of accurate physician-recorded indications. Future research should focus on clinicians' and women's decision-making processes about childbirth after a prior cesarean delivery.
The journal will focus on empirical research and theory related to women and girls in the criminal justice system, including research on female offenders and victims. It aims to demonstrate the gendered nature of crime and responses to crime, highlighting the need for a more nuanced understanding of female criminality.
A study found that older teens who participated in adventure therapy based on Outward Bound lost more weight and maintained it longer than those in an aerobics program. The authors suggest that peer support is a key factor in the success of adventure therapy.
A study found that higher levels of self-esteem and problem-solving beliefs in urban, school-aged children with asthma helped counteract the negative effects of asthma and urban living. These factors were associated with fewer school absences, more participation in activities, and less missed sleep.
A study found that over half of Russian 'Baby Home' residents have features consistent with prenatal alcohol exposure, highlighting the need for screening and interventions. The research aimed to provide supporting information for developmental stimulation and support programs.
A new study by the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign found that girls outperform boys in math grades due to their learning-oriented approach. However, when it comes to math achievement tests, the gap disappears, suggesting that confidence plays a crucial role.
A protein called MEF2 has been found to regulate the growth and development of synapses in neurons. The study reveals that MEF2 can promote or inhibit synapse formation depending on neuronal activity, with implications for understanding neurodegenerative diseases such as autism.
Laptop computers combining toy features with innovative tech are accelerating learning and communication ability in disabled children, according to Penn State researchers. The technology has shown a significant improvement in communication skills and vocabulary for early readers among 2-3 year olds.
Researchers have developed virtual peers that can interact with children, helping them develop language and literacy skills. The virtual playmates engage in collaborative storytelling and are capable of adapting to individual children's needs.
A new study by UF researchers reveals that children living in the South are up to three times more likely to experience poor health outcomes, including obesity, teen pregnancy, and death. The study attributes these risks to complex social, economic, and public policies in the region.
Researchers studied 223 six-year-old children and their parents for a year to explore the effects of parental conflict on child distress. They found that witnessing different forms of destructive conflict, such as hostility or disengagement, can have long-term negative impacts on children's functioning.
Researchers found that destructive marital conflict can lead to emotional insecurity and maladjustment in children, including depression, anxiety, and behavior problems. Constructive conflict, however, may increase children's security when parents express affection, engage in problem-solving, or exhibit positive feelings.
Researchers found that higher conflict homes had children sleeping less and poorly, despite similar bedtime schedules. Children in these homes reported feeling sleepier during the day and experienced disrupted sleep patterns.
A study conducted by researchers at the NIH found a strong association between H2 blocker treatment and necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants. Infants treated with H2 blockers were 1.71 times more likely to develop the condition, which can be life-threatening.
A study by Dr. Elizabeth Vandewater and colleagues found that increased TV time negatively affects children's interaction with parents, siblings, and creative play. Children under two should not watch TV, while older kids should limit daily viewing to two hours.
A study of 100 children with chronic daily headache and 100 children with episodic headache found that sleep disturbance was a common issue in both groups. The researchers suggest that addressing sleep problems may help alleviate headaches and prevent the progression from episodic to chronic daily headache.
A new book by Arizona State University professor Gary Ladd explores the impact of children's peer relationships on their social competence, health, and development. The book reveals that many children face challenges in forming friendships and navigating peer groups, which can lead to feelings of loneliness, anxiety, and depression.
A new study from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and State Farm Insurance Companies reveals that SUVs do not provide superior protection for child occupants in rollover crashes. In fact, children involved in these crashes are three times more likely to be injured than those in non-rollovers.
Researchers analyzed data from over 5,000 premature births and found that black baby girls were twice as likely to survive compared to white baby boys. Baby girls also had a significant survival advantage when born weighing less than 1,000 grams.