A study by William D. Toff and colleagues found no significant difference in markers of coagulation activation between long-haul flights and controlled environments. The researchers tested the effects of hypobaric and hypoxia on healthy volunteers, but found that prolonged sitting did not enhance clot formation.
A new study conducted by researchers at the University of Leicester found no evidence that low air pressure and low oxygen levels during long-haul flights increase the risk of blood clots. The study, which included 73 healthy volunteers, assessed the effects of hypobaric and hypoxia on markers of blood clotting.
A study of over 156,000 post-menopausal women found that taking hydrophobic statins was associated with a 18% decreased incidence of breast cancer. However, no association was found between statin use and breast cancer risk in general. Further research is needed to confirm this finding.
The Association for Psychological Science has changed its name from American Psychological Society to better clarify its scientific mission. The new name emphasizes the organization's commitment to psychological science and human welfare, as well as its growing international presence.
In-vivo gene therapy has successfully restored immune function in three out of four dogs treated for XSCID. The treatment approach eliminates the need for ex-vivo cell manipulation and culture, potentially reducing adverse side effects and improving long-term efficacy.
A study analyzed 324 cardiovascular clinical trials published between 2000 and 2005, finding that for-profit trials were more likely to report positive findings than not-for-profit trials. The authors suggest that incentives from for-profit organizations may influence trial outcomes, leading to biased results.
Researchers will test 400,000 SNPs in 552 patients to clarify the role of genes in sporadic ALS. The study's results could strongly shape the search for a cure if it finds gene associations or suggests an environmental cause.
A recent study has identified copy number variants in chimpanzees that are comparable to those found in humans, indicating regions of the genome may be inherently unstable in both species. This research provides valuable insights into genetic diversity and adaptations in our nearest relatives.
Liu's research focuses on hydrophilic macro-ionic solutions, which form single-layer, hollow, spherical structures called 'blackberries.' These structures have unique properties and potential applications in biomedical materials.
A new study discovered that BMP4 signaling is necessary and sufficient for the proliferation of pancreas progenitor cells, leading to an increase in Id expression. The researchers also found that inhibition of BMP4 results in a decrease in proliferating duct cells and an increase in the expression of a bHLH protein-dependent factor PAX6.
Researchers discover interaction between PAI-2 and Rb family proteins, linked to cell differentiation, cancer prognosis, and inflammation on the surface of the eye. The study may provide new insights into molecular mechanisms of PAI-2 expression in human corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells.
Shapiro's theory suggests that small molecule interactions were central to the origin of life, rather than self-replication. He introduces the concept of a 'driver' reaction linked to a free energy source to convert an unorganized mixture into a self-regulated metabolic network.
The study reveals that during periods of warm weather globally, the Pacific was cold and dry. Conversely, during cold weather elsewhere, the Pacific experienced warm and stormy conditions. This ancient climate data informs modern concerns about climate change in the Pacific region.
Researchers used a mathematical model to explain the shifting of Heart Mountain. The dikes in the rock filled with hot lava created extreme fluid pressures, leading to the mountain's movement. Dr. Einat Aharonov and Dr. Mark Anders' study offers new insights into this phenomenon.
A study of 167 women in IT across four countries reveals that cultural factors, such as societal messages and family dynamics, play a significant role in shaping career choices. The research suggests that recognizing diversity may lead to more opportunities for women, and challenges traditional assumptions about work-life balance.
A recent study by researchers at the National Marine Fisheries Service has found significant amounts of Exxon Valdez oil buried in sand and silt in tidal feeding grounds of sea otters, ducks, and other wildlife. This discovery highlights the potential long-term impact of oil spills on marine ecosystems.
The Penn CEET aims to improve environmental health through research and outreach, focusing on lung disease, endocrine systems, and gene-environment interactions. The center will collaborate with local communities to address pressing environmental concerns.
Astellas Pharma US, Inc. has been recognized by the American Urological Association for its continued support of education and research initiatives in urology. The company's commitment to improving urologic care through innovative pharmaceutical products is being acknowledged by the AUA.
A study by Group Health researchers found that intimate partner violence (IPV) affects nearly half of women, with recent IPV having a particularly devastating impact on their physical and mental health. The study also revealed that IPV is an equal-opportunity problem, affecting women from all walks of life.
A study of 940,000 adults found similar lung cancer death rates for men and women, but higher rates among African-American women. Never-smoking African-Americans may have a higher risk of lung cancer mortality compared to non-smoking whites.
A study by Association for Psychological Science found that pairs can coordinate through haptic interactions, leading to improved performance and development of cooperative strategies. The researchers speculate that this capacity is a fundamental human ability used in various daily activities.
A Yale University study found that 15-30% of respondents would give up major life sacrifices to avoid being obese. Thinner individuals held stronger implicit and explicit negative attitudes towards fat people, while obese individuals only exhibited an implicit anti-fat bias.
The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) has released a guidance document on Cardiac Rhythm Management product performance. The ESC proposes a novel approach for assessing individual hazard analysis to prioritize patients in need of field safety corrective actions.
A study found that patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with TNF-blocking antibodies are at a higher risk of developing cancer and serious infections. The drugs, which were previously thought to be safe, may interfere with the body's ability to fight off infection and cancer.
A study of 403 premenopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer found that increased Pak1 expression correlates with reduced sensitivity to tamoxifen therapy, leading to decreased survival rates. Researchers suggest targeting Pak1 as a potential strategy to improve treatment response in breast cancer.
The IU Cancer Center will attract top-tier scientists and physicians with the gift, enhancing its national reputation as a leader in cancer research and patient care. The center's research and clinical programs are expanding, and partnerships are increasing to achieve goals.
A study conducted by Heiner K. Berthold and colleagues found that policosanol had no clinically relevant lipoprotein-lowering properties in white patients. The trial included 143 patients with hypercholesterolemia or combined hyperlipidemia, and none showed significant improvements in cholesterol levels.
The year-long project aims to examine the impact of changes to scheduling of elective surgeries on hospital patient census and nurse-to-patient staffing ratios. The study will shed light on how variations in patient census affect nurse workload, direct care time, and overall quality of care.
A study of over 3,400 women reveals that intimate partner violence (IPV) is highly prevalent and chronic, lasting more than 5 years in some cases. IPV was found to have significant health effects on women, including depression, physical symptoms, and social isolation.
A recent study published in Neuron found that brain areas related to self-awareness are inactive when individuals focus on external tasks, and only active when both sensory experience and self-awareness are present. This suggests a new perspective on the role of self-awareness in perception.
Researchers aim to understand the transition experience and policy responses for youth leaving foster care at 18, analyzing administrative data and conducting interviews with key stakeholders. The study seeks to inform policies and programs that improve long-term outcomes for this vulnerable population in Massachusetts.
The study highlights that self-defining memories are emotionally complex and significant to individuals. Researcher Wendy-Jo Wood found that people tend to downplay negative events while emphasizing positive ones, which contributes to a more optimistic view of their experiences.
A recent study found that acetaminophen is safe to use after a heart attack, but it does not offer any protection for the heart. The researchers tested the effects of acetaminophen on animals with induced heart attacks and found no significant impact on blood flow, heart muscle damage, or ventricular function.
A new professorship in melanoma research has been established at the Cross Cancer Institute in Edmonton, Alberta. The endowment fund, valued at $1 million, will support long-term commitment to researching key pathways in melanoma development that could lead to potential targets for prevention and therapy.
By analyzing cloud height and rainfall patterns, NASA scientists can estimate whether a hurricane's surface winds will strengthen or weaken. Rainfall from clouds extending up to 9 miles high indicates stronger winds.
The study found that hand function is directly related to brain activity and that changes in the brain well after the stroke are paralleled by changes in physical ability. Interventions like muscle vibration and mental practice can enhance motor cortical output, leading to improvements in hand use.
A study using RESPeRATE, a device-guided paced breathing system, found significant reductions in blood pressure and peripheral resistance in hypertensive patients. The treatment group showed a greater systolic BP reduction correlated with the total time spent in slow breathing.
A new study found that postmenopausal women who use statins have the same risk of invasive breast cancer as those who do not. Hydrophobic statins were associated with an 18% decreased risk of breast cancer, but individual statin associations warrant further research.
A study of 8,724 elderly women found that radiation therapy reduced breast cancer recurrence and mastectomies. Patients aged 70-79 years in good health gained the most benefit from radiation therapy.
A series of articles ranks preventive services by their cost-effectiveness and population health benefits, highlighting influenza vaccines and colorectal cancer screening as top priorities. The studies show that these services can save thousands of years of life and prevent deaths, with significant potential for improving overall healt...
A cultural approach is essential in tackling obesity, with women generally basing their ideal weight on cultural criteria. Obesity is defined in positive terms by Black Americans, relating it to attractiveness, while White women define it negatively, associating it with unattractive and socially undesirable body image.
Plant biologist Jian Kang Zhu discovered that the high expression of osmotically responsive gene 1 (HOS1) acts as a biochemical gate to cut off the plant's cold protection. The HOS1 protein interacts with ICE1, kicking off a genetic cascade that provides cold protection proteins.
A study of 50 pairs of fraternal twins with hearing loss identified a specific region of DNA, DFNA18 on chromosome 3, that may contain an important locus for hearing loss in the general population. The findings suggest variation in genes within this region could lead to differences in susceptibility to hearing loss.
A study published in The Lancet found that UK armed forces personnel who took part in the 2003 Iraq War experienced slight rises in common symptoms, but not to the same extent as those who fought in the 1991 Gulf War. Fatigue was not increased after the 2003 Iraq War.
A new study offers a simpler approach to diagnosing urinary incontinence in women by asking patients three simple questions. Meanwhile, an update to the US hepatitis C profile reveals that infected individuals are entering their 40s and 50s, increasing the risk of disease consequences such as cirrhosis and liver cancer.
Researchers have created a massive 3-D map of the universe, mapping the distribution of galaxies and providing new insights into dark energy. The map uses luminous red galaxies as 'lighthouses' to measure distances, covering vast scales of up to a billion light-years across.
The Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study found that approximately 100,000 adults develop diabetes annually, with nearly 600 people progressing to obesity every day. The study also revealed a significant increase in hypertension and chronic kidney disease among the Australian population.
A team of researchers at Penn State has discovered a mathematical description of a contracting universe that existed before the Big Bang, with space-time geometry and gravity exhibiting unique properties. The findings rely on loop quantum gravity theory, which proposes a discrete 'atomic' structure to space-time.
Researchers found that females who obtained the morning-after pill from pharmacies waited significantly less time than those from family planning clinics, with a median wait of 16 hours versus 41 hours. This timely access led to a 10% reduction in unwanted pregnancies.
The center will support development of new therapies for heart, cancer, and neurological disorders through early patient clinical trials. Non-embryonic stem cell research has been exceptionally strong in Ohio, bringing together academic investigators and industry partners to accelerate moving cutting-edge research into the clinic.
A study found that exposure to The Daily Show led participants to rate candidates more negatively and view the political system as more cynical. Researchers conclude that this may deter young Americans from voting. The study's implications for political participation should be explored further.
Physicists verify Chandra Varma's microscopic theory of high-temperature superconductivity using neutron scattering experiments. The results suggest ways to fabricate room temperature superconductors and shed light on a major mystery in physics.
A collaborative study successfully applied neutrons to locate hydrogen atoms in proteins, revealing how water molecules interact with proteins and influencing their function. The research demonstrates potential for understanding hydrogen-atom transfer processes in large biological systems.
A natural experiment found that open-access articles in PNAS gained a significant citation advantage over non-OA articles, being twice as likely to be cited within 4-10 months and almost three times more likely between 10-16 months after publication. The study suggests that open access accelerates the dissemination of scientific research.
Scientists mimic worm brains and fish jaws to develop brain-inspired sensors and gain insight into human memory formation. Researchers also explore biological inspiration for legged robots, prosthetics, and tissue engineering.
A year-long treatment improved neurologic outcomes for infants and children with toxoplasmosis. Seventy-two percent of those with moderate or severe disease had normal long-term cognitive outcomes. Comprehensive screening for pregnant women and newborns is recommended to prevent this acute parasitic infection.
A cell biology study has identified distinct signaling pathways between neurokinin-1 receptors and substance P, which could be used to block HIV entry into macrophages. The findings also highlight the potential of a drug called aprepitant as an HIV treatment.
Researchers argue for alternative approach to vaccine distribution, considering individual's degree of life investment and life expectancy. Healthy people from early adolescence to middle age are prioritized for vaccination, aiming to maximize years of life.
Researchers have discovered a new compound that specifically targets FKBP38 receptor, reducing programmed cell death in neuronal cells. The compound protects neurons and promotes neural stem cell proliferation, offering potential therapeutic application for stroke and other neurodegenerative diseases.
A new study from the University of Wisconsin-Madison found that a negative energy balance, induced by exercise and lower body weight, inhibits the growth of polyps in mice. The researchers also discovered that exercising mice had fewer polyps and less body fat compared to non-exercising mice.