A study of 1,271 elderly patients found that those with a history of stroke showed a more rapid decline in memory and cognitive abilities, particularly among men. The association was stronger in individuals without the APOE4 allele, which is linked to Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers challenge widely accepted opinion on probucol's protective effect against heart disease, revealing that a different part of the molecule is responsible for its benefits. The study also found no relationship between oxidized cholesterol and heart disease severity.
Researchers have developed a nano-particle system that targets and kills cancer cells using a combination of paclitaxel and doxorubicin. This innovative approach overcomes the challenge of delivering multiple drugs to tumors efficiently.
Researchers used human fat and pig skin to test infrared laser light, finding three wavelengths that preferentially heated fat. The results provide a proof of principle for using lasers to target sebaceous glands, potentially replacing Accutane for acne treatment.
Diverse mock juries showed fewer errors and greater willingness to discuss race-related issues compared to all-White groups. White participants in diverse juries were also more willing to discuss racism and cited case facts accurately. This suggests that diversity may lead to more thorough and competent decision-making.
Researchers at VIB have made a significant breakthrough in combating African sleeping sickness by developing a nanobody that carries an ApoL-1 variant to the surface of the parasite. This treatment has shown promising results in mice, with infected animals surviving after a single treatment and the parasite being removed from their blood.
A study of 200 participants on 29 mock juries found that diverse groups performed better than all-white groups in several measures. Whites in diverse panels cited more case facts and made fewer errors in discussing evidence.
Researchers develop a technique to fabricate flexible nanomembranes with tunable strain, retaining silicon's properties while controlling conductivity. The method enables the creation of faster electronics, novel photonic crystals, and lightweight sensors, with potential applications in flexible electronic devices and biological sensing.
Scientists discovered that Hap1 protein is linked to circulating insulin and regulates GABA receptors in the hypothalamus, controlling feeding behavior in mice. The study provides insights into how abnormalities of hypothalamic function contribute to diabetes and obesity.
A £920,000 ESRC-funded research venture aims to investigate the effects of gambling on those involved and the broader community. The study will examine social contexts for problem gambling, internet gambling, brain responses, and family life, with the goal of developing policies and services to prevent problem gamblers.
A recent study by University of Virginia researcher Timothy Konold found that parents are better indicators of emotional behaviors in children, such as anxiety and sadness. In contrast, teachers are more accurate in assessing aggressive or delinquent behaviors, which may be influenced by parental behavior.
Researchers found high levels of toxic contaminants in white sturgeon from areas above Bonneville Dam, leading to reduced growth and reproductive fitness. The contamination is thought to be accumulating behind dams, posing a threat to the fish's survival and ecosystem balance.
Researchers at the University of California - Davis have detected lattice solitons in heated uranium crystals using X-ray and neutron scattering experiments. The isolated vibrations play an important role in uranium metal, shedding new light on a previously unknown property of solid materials.
A new study from UNC Health Care suggests that loss of function in the SOCS2 gene may lead to colon polyps in individuals with excessive growth hormone. The research also identifies a possible molecular marker for predicting risk, which could inform growth hormone therapy for gastrointestinal conditions.
Researchers have developed a mass spectrometry method to detect norovirus particles, a category B bioterrorism agent. This technique can identify different types and strains of viruses in complex environmental samples without prior knowledge, making it ideal for detecting emerging infectious agents.
A recent study reveals that ancient ants arose 140-168 million years ago, in concert with the emergence of flowering plants. The researchers used DNA sequencing and fossil records to reconstruct the ant family tree, pushing back the origin of modern-day ants by at least 40 million years.
Researchers have identified a potential new treatment for malignant gliomas using bortezomib, which targets the NF-kB pathway to induce cell death. This discovery builds on previous studies showing that selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) can also induce cell death in brain cancers.
The brittlestar model provides a realistic approach to studying stem cells in living organisms, shedding light on the recovery of the nervous system after regeneration. This breakthrough could lead to a better understanding and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers administered stem cells to animals with significant mobility loss after stroke, showing a 25% greater improvement in motor function compared to controls. In another model of cerebral palsy, rodent stem cells improved recovery by at least 25% within two weeks.
The American Dietetic Association's new position statement warns of common inaccuracies in media coverage of nutrition studies. Journalists should ensure research is conducted by credible institutions and qualified researchers, and that results reflect appropriate context.
The discovery of a blue ring around Uranus reveals similarities with Saturn's E ring, both associated with small moons. Researchers attribute the blue color to gravitational forces acting on dust particles that allow smaller ones to survive while larger ones are recaptured by the moon.
A recent study found that only 11% of seniors in Western New York have dental insurance, with financial need being a major barrier to receiving dental care. The study also showed significant disparities in access to dental care between urban and rural areas.
Researchers found that mice with APC mutations are more resistant to radiation when receiving staggered doses, potentially impacting radiation treatment protocols for colon cancer patients. The study's findings could lead to adjustments in treatment timing to minimize damage and optimize repair processes.
A new method by University at Buffalo engineers calculates the expected cost of managerial neglect in processes with variability, such as supply chains. The model can help managers justify investments for improvement and save up to 50% in costs over three years.
Researchers at Oregon State University confirmed the existence of a 'dark state' in DNA molecules that makes them vulnerable to UV-induced damage. The study suggests that water played a crucial role in stabilizing these early DNA bases and allowing life to emerge from a hostile primordial soup.
Penn State's Center for Dirt and Gravel Road Studies is recycling 500,000 discarded tires into road fill, reducing sediment pollution and mosquito breeding grounds. The project uses bailed tires to fill degraded dirt roads, incorporating drainage structures to prevent water runoff.
Researchers have identified novel drug therapies, including endothelin antagonists and prostacyclin, that improve quality and quantity of life for patients with PAH. These treatments offer hope for patients who previously faced lung transplantation.
Varibel, a new Dutch invention, provides directional sensitivity and improves speech understanding for seniors with hearing impairments. The glasses use microphones to selectively intensify sounds from the front while dampening surrounding noise.
A new analysis reveals that combination vaccines significantly increased on-time immunization rates in infants. The study found that the combination group had a 42.7% on-time rate for the HEDIS Combo 2 series, compared to 34.9% in the component group.
The carp's extraordinary ability to adapt to low oxygen conditions allows it to thrive in environments where other fish would perish. Researchers have discovered that its blood has a higher affinity for oxygen than any other vertebrate, enabling the fish to maintain physical activity while oxygen supplies are limited.
Researchers found that each year of treatment reduced the risk of developing dementia by about 3 percent. Long-term hypertension can damage brain blood vessels, but this study suggests benefits for cognitive function with proper treatment.
Researchers find patterns of cracks and thin fins on Mars resembling those formed by damp sand in New Mexico. The discoveries suggest the presence of water on Mars beyond polar ice caps.
A new study published in Neuron suggests that facial recognition relies on a similar neural mechanism as other object recognition, rather than specialized processing. The researchers used computational modeling and fMRI to find that a small group of neurons in the fusiform face area is highly selective for different faces.
Honey's antibacterial quality rapidly clears existing infection, while also protecting wounds from additional infections. The sweetener stimulates the growth of granulation and epithelial tissues to speed up the healing process.
Astronomers have found a blue ring around Uranus, similar to Saturn's blue ring in Enceladus' orbit, attributed to submicron-sized material and subtle forces acting on dust particles. The discovery suggests that the two outer rings share a common explanation for their blue color.
A UK study found that saliva can be tested for signs of periodontal disease, a condition characterized by persistent inflammation and tissue breakdown. The research team identified biomarkers in saliva that could aid in diagnosing and monitoring the disease.
A study by University of Michigan researcher Raymond De Vries found that everyday problems in scientific research are most common, including struggles with data interpretation and adherence to scientific rules. The study also found that unbridled competition and organizational injustices contribute to scientific misconduct.
A new discovery in archaea DNA unwinding enzymes XPB revealed unexpected genome repair functions, which may improve some forms of chemotherapy. The study found that XPB interacts with damaged DNA and enhances its unwinding activity.
A new wireless sensor network system will be developed to monitor bridge safety and performance in real-time, providing critical information for emergency responders. This system uses advanced algorithms and data compression techniques to minimize data transfer time, ensuring that vital data is transmitted quickly and efficiently.
The MIT team used an intricate assembly process to create a functional electronic device from viruses, producing dense films of cobalt oxide and gold. The result is a nanoscale battery material with high energy density, suitable for compact energy storage applications.
Scientists at the University of Illinois have discovered significant structure in the current-voltage characteristics of a transistor laser, allowing them to study the elusive electronic structure. The research enables the development of transistor lasers that can operate at different speeds for various commercial applications.
A study found that individuals prioritize groups with punishment options over those without, leading to increased cooperation and financial rewards. This discovery may contribute to a general theory of human cooperation and inform strategies for addressing global issues like climate change.
Researchers found that administering losartan to rats with insensate third-degree burns reversed the insulin resistance caused by the burn injury, returning glucose levels to normal. The study suggests that blocking the renin-angiotensin system may be a key to preventing this condition in severe burn patients.
Astronomers discover that Uranus' blue ring is predominantly made of submicron-sized material, unlike most other rings which appear red. The similarity between the outer rings suggests an in-kind explanation for their blue color.
Scientists at the University of Oregon discovered that complexity evolved piecemeal through Molecular Exploitation. They found that old genes were recruited to participate in new interactions and functions, consistent with Darwinian evolution.
Scientists propose a new theory on genetic conflict that drives evolutionary changes in ZW species. Maternal-effect genes are found to be a key area of conflict, leading to an evolutionary arms race.
A study found that Japanese encephalitis is prevalent in Bali, particularly among children under 10 years old. The annual incidence rate for this age group was 8.2 per 100,000, resulting in nine deaths and 31 cases of serious neurological disability.
A study published in Science has found that losartan can prevent the development of aortic aneurysms and potentially reverse damage in mice with Marfan syndrome. This breakthrough discovery increases the likelihood of losartan serving as an effective treatment for humans, offering new hope for those affected by the genetic condition.
Researchers discovered a novel RNA-based sensor in Salmonella that responds to magnesium ions, allowing cells to assess and react to their environment. The discovery expands the types of molecules that can be detected by riboswitches.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in understanding the cell respiration mechanism, led by Academy Professor Mårten Wikström. The study reveals the coupling between the proton pump and oxygen reduction, shedding light on how energy is transduced from foodstuffs to cells.
Researchers found that cystamine and a related drug increase levels of protective protein HSJ1b, which helps neurons survive in Huntington disease. This may lead to potential treatments for the neurodegenerative disorder.
The American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine has awarded a New Investigator Award to Dr. Elisa Konofagou for her groundbreaking work on treating neurodegenerative diseases using ultrasound-induced blood-brain barrier opening. Seven nominees presented their research, showcasing the diverse applications of ultrasound technology.
The new nanopore method has the potential to sequence human genomes in a matter of hours at a potentially low cost, reducing the time and expense associated with current methods. The approach uses mathematical calculations and computer modeling to distinguish between DNA bases, enabling faster and more accurate sequencing.
The new model integrates data from various studies to describe transcription termination as a complex process involving multiple regulatory factors. Key findings include the identification of essential genes and regulatory elements involved in controlling transcription termination.
Researchers monitored RS Oph's unprecedented detail using space- and ground-based telescopes, estimating gas expelled at 10 million km/h and a size larger than our solar system. The study sheds new light on super stellar explosions and helps predict the red giant's lifespan before becoming a white dwarf.
Research reveals a significant gap in publications between US and non-US groups, with the US trailing behind in human embryonic stem cell research. The study suggests that federal policies may be contributing to this disparity, which could impact competitiveness in the biotechnology industry.
Researchers at VBI will utilize the database to identify key genes involved in tomato metabolism and apply RNA interference technology. The project aims to enhance tomato cultivation and expand its application in biotechnology research programs.
Women who consumed up to two drinks per day scored higher on the Mini Mental State Exam compared to non-drinkers or occasional drinkers. The study suggests moderate drinking is protective for women's cognition, contradicting previous research on large vessel atherosclerosis as a mediating factor.
Researchers at Tulane University discovered that blocking the effects of carbon monoxide can limit bleeding in cases of soft tissue trauma. The study found that inhibiting CO helped control blood pressure and prevent massive bleeding by constricting damaged blood vessels, while maintaining circulation to other parts of the body.
The BCG vaccine is highly cost-effective in preventing severe childhood tuberculosis, with an estimated cost of US$200 per year of healthy life gained. The largest impact was found in southeast Asia, Africa, and the western Pacific region, where TB infection rates and BCG coverage are highest.