Articles tagged with Stem Cell Research
A recent literature review discusses the underlying mechanisms of type 2 diabetes, including insulin resistance and b-cell failure. The review also explores potential therapeutic strategies, such as replenishing and regenerating b-cells, pancreas transplants, and stem cell-derived b-cells.
The USC CIRM ASCEND Center will offer organoids, single-cell analysis, and spatial transcriptomics services to the California research community. The center aims to facilitate collaboration, technology transfer, and a competent workforce in personalized medicine.
A study has unveiled that exosomes from adipose mesenchymal stem cells speed up the healing process of skin wounds in diabetic mice. This approach restores autophagy, revitalizes skin cells, and accelerates wound closure. The application of ADSC-Exos represents a promising therapeutic strategy for diabetic wound healing.
Researchers have identified a potential therapeutic target for Borjeson-Forssman-Lehman Syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by seizures and intellectual disability. The study found that PHF6 gene mutations impair Ephrin receptor regulation, leading to neural stem cell misregulation.
Researchers have identified a subset of T-cells that acts like stem cells and continuously generates effector T-cells that attack transplanted organs. Targeting the transcription factor IRF4 may lead to innovative therapies for patients with chronic infections, cancers, autoimmune diseases and transplanted organs.
Researchers have discovered a way to enhance the functionality of CD34-negative hematopoietic stem cells, which could lead to better treatments for blood-related diseases. The treated cells showed improved homing abilities and increased gene activity, suggesting they could be more effective as a treatment option.
Researchers have pioneered a novel approach to heal diabetic wounds faster and more effectively than ever before. Exosomes from hypoxic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells contain the potent molecule miR-4645-5p, which significantly boosts wound healing by targeting the MAPKAPK2 pathway.
A study published in Cell Stem Cell found that restricting iron levels in blood stem cells can reverse their decline and improve regenerative capacity. The researchers discovered that excess intracellular iron activates inflammation within HSCs, while restricted iron levels enable them to multiply and respond effectively.
A new study reveals that retinoic acid, the biologically active form of Vitamin A, is essential for stem cells to exit lineage plasticity and differentiate into hair or epidermal cells. The findings shed light on skin and hair disorders, as well as a potential path toward preventing tumor growth.
Researchers have developed a cell culture system that differentiates human pluripotent stem cells to amniotic and surface ectoderm, which are essential for human embryo development. The study found that the degree of cell crowding influences cell identity decision.
Researchers developed gene-edited lymphocytes that target HPV-specific antigens in cervical cancer cells, evading immune responses and achieving strong cytotoxicity. These 'off-the-shelf' therapies offer a promising approach to treating cervical cancer.
Children's Hospital Los Angeles will develop innovative stem cell approaches to treat children and adolescents with recurrent solid tumors using CAR T-cell therapy. The new approach targets B7H3, an immune marker on cancer cells, to identify and destroy them.
Researchers discovered a new type of stem cell that can regenerate cartilage in arthritic mice, offering potential for treating osteoarthritis. The stem cells, derived from human pluripotent stem cells, were found to efficiently generate new cartilage when transplanted into the knees of OA mice.
A new study has identified a strategy used by early-stage cancer cells to evade the immune system. By turning on the gene SOX17, these cells create an immunosuppressive environment that prevents them from being detected. This gene helps cancer cells ignore immune messages and grow in the presence of an immune system.
Scientists have identified the 'gene of prejudice' GTF2I as crucial in regulating social behavior. The gene's deletion or duplication leads to variations in personality, with individuals having either a 'cocktail party personality' or autistic traits. This research may lead to new treatments for autism and shed light on human sociality.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have identified PRMT5 as a key regulator of suppressive activity in immune cells, which can be trained to correct overzealous immune responses. This discovery may lay the foundation for drug-free, side-effect-free treatments for patients with autoimmune disorders such as aplastic anemia.
A new study reveals distinct transcriptional programs and molecular features in right-sided colon stem cells, which may help explain the differences in colon cancer development. The research also highlights the importance of CDX2 in regulating stem cell differentiation and tumor initiation.
Researchers discovered that the vitamin D/vitamin D receptor pathway protects enterocytes during aging, reducing ISC proliferation and centrosome amplification. This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying healthy aging in Drosophila.
Researchers found that e-liquids containing propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin enhance COVID-19 infection, while those with benzoic acid prevent it. Vapers are advised to quit or switch to e-liquids with acidic pH for better protection.
The University of California, Irvine has received a $4 million grant from the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine to establish a shared resources lab for stem cell research. The facility will offer essential technologies and training for novel in vitro stem cell-based modeling and regenerative medicine research.
Neural stem cells developed into nerve cells when adhering to hydrogels with high positive charge, while those on lower positively charged gels became glial cells. The ability to influence differentiation could aid in nerve and glial cell regeneration and treatment of diseases like multiple sclerosis.
Researchers at Salk Institute find a new method to interrupt sperm production using an HDAC inhibitor, which blocks fertility without affecting libido. The treatment's reversibility is attributed to its ability to modulate gene expression downstream of retinoic acid.
Researchers developed a new epigenetic clock that predicts biological age from DNA structure, distinguishing between genetic differences that slow and accelerate aging. The model, called CausAge, includes only damaging or protective changes, allowing for more accurate evaluation of anti-aging interventions.
A new study from the University of Ottawa proposes using vanoxerine, a drug initially developed for cocaine addiction, to potentially treat advanced colon cancer. Vanoxerine has been found to suppress cancer stem cell activity in colon cancer patients' tissues and tumours implanted in laboratory animals. The drug works by interfering w...
Researchers at TU Wien create artificial cartilage tissue by colonizing porous plastic spheres with cells, achieving seamless integration and uniform structure. The novel technique has potential for medical applications, including replacing injured cartilage.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki discovered a new mechanism by which nutrient adaptation influences intestinal stem cell function and ageing. Intermittent fasting has been shown to benefit intestinal stem cells by preserving their flexible regulation, which is essential for differentiation.
Researchers at Duke University have discovered how stem cells decide their fate by analyzing the activity of two key regulators, short-root and scarecrow, in real-time using light sheet microscopy. This finding has implications for understanding cell development and preventing diseases such as cancer.
Scientists created a human heart organoid system to simulate embryonic heart development under pregestational diabetes-like conditions. The organoids recapitulate hallmarks of the condition and showed that ER stress and lipid imbalance contribute to the disorders. Exposure to omega-3s ameliorated the effects.
Johns Hopkins researchers have made progress toward developing a blood test to identify disease-associated changes in the brain linked to postpartum depression and other psychiatric disorders. They identified 26 placental mRNAs present in maternal blood only during pregnancy, which reflected changes occurring inside the tissues.
A microfluidic chip can remove undifferentiated cells that could form tumors before they are implanted in a patient, improving the safety and effectiveness of cell therapy. The device can sort over 3 million cells per minute without causing damage to fully-formed progenitor cells.
A study conducted at a FAPESP-supported research center discovered a link between the protein VAPB and tumor cell proliferation in medulloblastoma, one of the most common and aggressive brain tumors in children. High expression of VAPB correlated with reduced patient survival.
Researchers have identified a link between CCHS and the ubiquitin transfer system, revealing that aberrant interaction with this system disrupts normal neural protein degradation, leading to cell death. This discovery could pave the way for significant advances in disease therapeutics.
Researchers at USC Stem Cell lab discovered nearly 40 genes associated with immune cell production, including those related to diseases like myelodysplastic syndrome. The study found that gene activity was linked to specific levels of immune cell production, offering insights for improving bone marrow transplantation strategies.
IPK researchers discovered a universal pattern of internode elongation in barley, dividing the main axis into three subzones. The study identified genetic loci affecting internode length, including the flowering time gene PHOTOPERIOD1, and found that shorter proximal internodes are associated with higher floral organ survival.
A research team at HKUMed has identified PLK4 as a novel therapeutic target for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) carrying the TP53 mutation. The study found that PLK4 inhibition induces DNA damage, cell ageing and abnormal cell division, triggering the immune system via the cGAS-STING pathway.
Researchers identified genetic variants that predict response to treatment for preterm birth, a condition affecting one in 10 infants. High levels of mutations in certain genes are associated with lower response rates, suggesting a precision framework for future drug development.
Researchers have effectively targeted three distinct groups of cholangiocarcinoma, a lethal disease caused by liver fluke parasite or herbal carcinogen exposure. Experimental models show that specific treatments targeting these pathways can slow cancer growth and improve prognosis for CCA patients
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet used DNA origami to activate the Notch receptor in a new way, revealing it can be activated 'on demand' with the help of a protein called Jag1. The study opens new avenues for understanding the Notch signalling pathway and its role in serious diseases like cancer and Alagille Syndrome.
Researchers found that bone marrow mononuclear cell infusion in children within 48 hours of severe traumatic brain injury reduced intensive care needs and preserved white matter. The treatment also enhanced connectivity in the corpus callosum, a midline structure in the brain.
Researchers used 'mini-placentas' to understand how the placenta interacts with the uterus, which is critical for fetal growth and development. The study identified key proteins involved in successful implantation and found clues on how pre-eclampsia occurs.
Researchers mapped dental pulp and periodontal ligament stem cells' genomes, revealing significant differences in their differentiation potential. The study identifies the genetic composition and mechanisms of differentiation, paving the way for targeted regenerative therapies.
Researchers discovered that PDS5A modifies DNA loops without affecting histone modifications, enabling the study of loop-mediated gene silencing. The loss of PDS5A disrupted genome organization, leading to aberrant gene activation and potentially driving diseases like cancer and developmental disorders.
A recent study reveals that a significant proportion of human pluripotent stem cell samples possess cancer-related mutations acquired during culture propagation. These mutations impact cell growth and differentiation, emphasizing the importance of regular evaluations in research and clinical applications.
A recent study reveals that the tethering of mitochondria to the endoplasmic reticulum plays a crucial role in muscle development, regeneration, and maintenance. The researchers propose targeting the Notch signaling pathway as a potential therapeutic option for muscle atrophy caused by mitochondrial abnormalities.
A UC Riverside research project will focus on changes in the gene network that specify early intestinal precursor cells in nematodes like Pristionchus pacificus. Gene networks describe how genes turn each other on and off, and changes in these networks can lead to diseases such as cancer.
Researchers have successfully genetically modified pluripotent stem cells to evade immune recognition, offering a viable path forward for pluripotent stem cell-based therapies. The study's findings suggest that these engineered stem cells could pave the way for new treatments for diseases such as Type 1 diabetes and macular degeneration.
Researchers have discovered how pioneer transcription factors, such as FOXA and OCT4, coordinate with epigenetic repressors to safeguard cell fate, enabling precise manipulation of cell fate in cellular programming and reprogramming. This breakthrough has important implications for scaling up organoid and tissue engineering technology.
MIT researchers have developed a new method to track cell differentiation and study long-term processes like cancer progression or embryonic development. They used noninvasive Raman spectroscopy to monitor embryonic stem cells as they differentiated into multiple cell types over several days.
A new study reveals that Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) can infect nerve cells, trigger inflammation, and cause nerve damage. RSV was previously thought to only infect the respiratory tract, but this finding suggests a potential link between the virus and neurological symptoms in children.
Researchers found that ASCOT reverses some age-related protein expression changes, enriching processes related to the complement cascade and immune system in patients with poor ovarian response. In contrast, patients with premature ovarian insufficiency showed enrichment in responses to oxygen-containing compounds and growth hormones.
Researchers found that specific microbes in the gut reduce graft versus host disease after stem cell transplantation. Patients with low microbial metabolite risk index had better survival rates, fewer graft vs. host reactions, and reduced relapses.
Researchers from Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz and their French partners receive funding for two distinctive biology projects through the ANR-DFG program. The EVOMET project investigates plant metabolism, while the NeuroDevFunc project explores how fruit flies process visual motion generated by self-movement.
Researchers studied cellular functions in medulloblastoma to understand its genetic causes and develop targeted therapies. The study identified essential microproteins that play a crucial role in the survival of cancer cells.
Scientists at the University of Bath have found that the gene Angiogenin plays an important role in the development of nerve cells. In its mutated form, it causes stem cells to persist in their original state longer than they should, resulting in neurodevelopmental defects.
A novel human brain organoid model generates all major cell types of the cerebellum, including functional Purkinje neurons. This breakthrough provides a new way to explore cerebellar development and disorders, advancing therapeutic interventions.
A new study by University of California Riverside researchers found that high-fat diets affect not only obesity and colon cancer but also the immune system, brain function, and potentially COVID-19 risk. The study, which analyzed genetic changes in mice fed different types of fat, showed that polyunsaturated fatty acids in soybean oil ...
Cancer stem cell-derived exosomes (CSC-Exos) are essential for communication between CSCs and other cells in the tumor microenvironment, contributing to cancer progression. The editorial highlights their potential as a novel clinical tool for diagnosis, prognosis, prevention of tumor recurrence, and therapeutic strategy
A drug screening system modeling cancers with lab-grown tissues called organoids helped uncover a promising target for future pancreatic cancer treatments. Researchers identified an existing heart drug, perhexiline maleate, that powerfully suppresses the growth of pancreatic tumor organoids.
Researchers at Helmholtz Munich have discovered a new relationship between DNA replication timing and cellular plasticity, allowing for the potential reprogramming of cells. The study found that the three-dimensional structure of the genome influences the flexibility of the replication timing program.
A microbial sensor, Nod1, plays a crucial role in the development of blood stem cells. The discovery could lead to the creation of patient-derived blood stem cells, eliminating the need for bone marrow transplants and improving lives of leukemia, lymphoma, and anemia patients. Researchers are continuing to study the complex interaction...