Articles tagged with Stem Cell Research
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at the University of Houston College of Pharmacy discovered key mechanisms of skeletal muscle regeneration and growth following resistance exercise. Increasing levels of Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) or X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) in muscle stem cells may improve muscle repair and reduce disease severity.
Researchers found that autologous bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) and adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (ADSVF) have distinct cellular compositions and protein profiles. The study's findings challenge the marketing of these therapies as interchangeable and highlight the need for standardized cell therapies.
Scientists have discovered a new hormone, CCN3, that helps maintain bone density and strength in breastfeeding women. In mice, CCN3 increased bone mass and strength, even when estrogen levels were low. The hormone also accelerated bone healing in fracture models, offering hope for treating osteoporosis and other bone conditions.
The study reveals that hiPS-CMs induce a limited immune response but are rejected around 17-24 days after transplantation due to CD8+ T cells. Depletion of CD8+ T cells or treatment with tacrolimus prolongs sheet survival, highlighting the pivotal role of these immune cells.
Researchers found that regorafenib synergizes with TAS102 to inhibit cancer growth, angiogenesis, and microvessel density in preclinical models of colorectal and gastric cancers. The combination also suppresses ERK1/2 activation regardless of KRAS or BRAF mutational status.
Researchers at University of California San Diego have found that genetically modified NK-cell therapy can effectively target and treat hepatocellular carcinoma, a highly treatment-resistant form of solid tumor. The therapy works by disabling the inhibitory protein TGF-β, allowing immune cells to kill cancer more efficiently.
Dr. Sanaz Memarzadeh and her team aim to improve treatment outcomes for patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer using adoptive T-cell therapy and natural killer cells. They hope to identify new targets and biomarkers for effective treatments.
Researchers have developed a humanized mouse model with a fully functional human immune system, enabling the study of immunotherapy development, disease modeling, and vaccine development. The new model, called TruHuX, mounts specific antibody responses and can develop full-fledged systemic lupus autoimmunity.
The UK has released a pioneering Code of Practice for the use of stem cell-based embryo models in research, providing standards for rigorous ethics and maximizing benefits. The code sets out processes for decision-making in research using these models, allowing scientists to proceed confidently while maintaining public trust.
A new editorial paper discusses molecular and cytogenetic analyses used to identify distinct subtypes of acute myeloid leukemias (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Researchers found that around 15% of AML cases remain genetically unclassifiable, emphasizing the need for further research.
Researchers at UCSF have discovered a way to turn ordinary white fat cells into beige fat cells that burn calories, opening the door to developing new weight-loss drugs. The approach uses a protein called KLF-15 and may avoid side effects associated with current treatments.
Researchers at USC Keck School of Medicine discovered that a low-salt diet can stimulate kidney regeneration and repair in mice by targeting the macula densa region. This finding holds promise for developing a new therapeutic approach to treat chronic kidney disease, which affects millions worldwide.
Researchers at the University of Zurich have discovered a factor secreted by tumor cells that impeds the effectiveness of therapies. The POSTN gene plays an important role in resistant tumors and triggers resistance through its interaction with immune cells, particularly macrophages.
A study by Baylor College of Medicine reveals the molecular events leading to osteogenesis imperfecta type V, a form of brittle bone disease caused by an IFITM5 mutation. The mutation disrupts normal bone stem cell development, leading to extremely brittle bones and recurrent fractures.
Alzheimer's patients' samples exhibit altered communication between pericytes and astrocytes, mediated by VEGFA and SMAD3. Donors with higher blood SMAD3 levels had less vascular damage and better outcomes.
Researchers at Colorado State University used human stem cells to study synaptic connections in the brain, focusing on GABAergic synapses. They found that Gephyrin promotes autonomous assembly of these synapses, which can develop independently of neuronal communication. This understanding could lead to new treatments for neurological d...
Researchers discovered a breakthrough in mouse embryo development, where primitive endoderm cells can generate an embryo on their own. These cells also have the potential to improve IVF outcomes by developing into stem cell-based embryo models.
A study published in Blood reveals that hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow of genetically identical middle-aged mice aged differently. The team found that subtle changes in the bone marrow microenvironment and two growth factors, Kitl and Igf1, correlated with age-associated molecular programs in the stem cells.
Researchers found that toddlers with profound autism had larger embryonic brain cortical organoids (BCOs) compared to neurotypical controls. The BCO size was positively correlated with the child's later social symptoms, indicating that a larger brain may be the first sign of autism.
Researchers have developed a model to enrich sub-populations of cancer cells with high basal levels of mitophagy, promoting CSC features such as self-renewal, proliferation, and drug-resistance. This study highlights the importance of BNIP3/BNIP3L in maintaining cancer stem cell properties.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine identified a potentially new biological target involving Aplp1, which drives the spread of Parkinson's disease-causing alpha-synuclein. The findings suggest targeting this interaction with drugs could slow Parkinson's disease progression and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers explore Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (Erk5) and its unique structures regulating autophosphorylation and transcription. Erk5 is involved in angiogenesis, neurogenesis, energy metabolism, tumor growth, and metastasis, making it a potential target for cancer treatment.
Scientists designed ring-shaped proteins targeting growth factor receptors to control human stem cell development. The resulting vascular networks formed tubes, healed, and absorbed nutrients, offering a new approach to repairing damaged hearts and kidneys.
Researchers developed a nine-week, phone-delivered positive psychology program called PATH to improve psychological well-being in blood cancer patients. The intervention had promising effects on patient-reported outcomes, with high participation and completion rates.
A new study by a global consortium provides insight into how tumors evolve, shedding light on the intricate processes underlying cancer evolution. The findings define optimal algorithms to analyze tumor evolution, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning.
Researchers have successfully grown 'mini-guts' in the lab to better understand Crohn's disease. The organoids show that epigenetic changes play an important role in the disease and its severity, enabling potential personalized treatments. This breakthrough could lead to more precise and effective treatments for patients.
Two independent studies by Columbia scientists challenge long-held assumptions about gut stem cells, revealing they are descendants of true stem cells producing different proteins and responding to distinct signals. The discovery could revitalize regenerative medicine by targeting the correct stem cell populations.
Researchers at Duke University created an ultrathin silk membrane that helps cells grow into functional tissues used for research, enabling the development of kidney disease models. The new membrane improves communication and growth between cells, mimicking natural human organ structures.
Scientists discover that multiciliated cells use cell division to control hair-like projections called cilia. This adaptation breaks the cancer-preventing rule of making only four centrioles per cell, producing hundreds instead.
Researchers at UCLA have identified a key protein MYCT1 that enables blood stem cells to sense and interpret signals from their environment. The study's findings could lead to the development of methods to expand blood stem cells in a lab dish, making life-saving transplants more available.
Research reveals that clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) drives inflammatory bone loss diseases like periodontitis and arthritis. Rapamycin shows promise as a potential treatment for CHIP-driven inflammation.
Researchers discovered that PMP22 duplication disrupts lipid metabolism and plasma membrane organization in developing Schwann cells, leading to myelin degradation and nerve damage. Targeting dysregulated lipid pathways may reverse some detrimental effects of CMT1A.
A new study using stem cell-based models has revealed how early embryo cells decide between contributing to the foetus or to the supporting yolk sac. Understanding this decision is crucial for infertility treatment using in vitro fertilized (IVF) embryos, as producing the right number of yolk sac forming cells may be critical.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have discovered a new technique for tissue regeneration using mineral-based nanomaterials inspired by ancient medical practices. The approach aims to induce natural bone formation, reducing the need for invasive procedures and long-term medication, and promoting improved quality of life.
A breakthrough discovery by Nara Institute of Science and Technology researchers identifies EPHA2 as a critical surface protein for preserving stem cell potency. This finding holds promise for safer regenerative medicine by reducing the risk of tumorigenesis, paving the way for organ repair and treatment of degenerative conditions.
A new surgical platform using mass spectrometry identifies key gene mutations in brain cancer, including IDH mutations, during surgery. This allows for rapid diagnosis, prognosis, and tumor resection to improve patient outcomes.
Research led by Weill Cornell Medicine found that most colorectal cancers begin with the loss of intestinal stem cells, even before cancer-causing genetic alterations appear. This new understanding suggests a unified model for colorectal cancer initiation where damage to intestinal crypts causes a decrease in aPKC protein expression.
Researchers explore nanoparticle-based therapies to specifically target lymphatic metastasis in breast cancer, providing a promising solution for patient treatment. Nanoparticles deliver drugs directly to tumors, targeting cancer cells to destroy them or slow their growth, while also enhancing the immune response.
A new study reveals that heart failure leaves a 'stress memory' in hematopoietic stem cells, which can lead to recurrent heart failure and other health issues. The researchers propose improving TGF-β levels as a new avenue for treating recurrent heart failure.
Researchers have identified genetic changes that can leave children born with little to no immune defense against infection. The study links mutations in the NUDCD3 gene to Severe Combined Immunodeficiency and Omenn syndrome, rare and life-threatening immunodeficiency disorders.
A recent study has cataloged gene-isoform variation in the developing human brain, providing crucial insights into neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. The research found thousands of isoform switches that occur during brain development, implicating previously uncharacterized RNA-binding proteins.
Researchers at Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center have developed a new treatment approach that enables more patients with high-risk blood cancers to receive stem cell transplants from unrelated, partially matched donors. The study found an overall survival rate of 79% and impressive metrics in high-risk patients.
A team of researchers developed a hybrid nanotube stamp system for intracellular protein delivery, achieving high efficiency and cell viability rates in cancer treatment. The system successfully delivered therapeutic proteins into target cells with precision, showing promising efficacy and safety.
Researchers have created the world's first human mini-brain that incorporates a fully functional blood-brain barrier, mimicking human neurovascular development. This breakthrough model promises to accelerate understanding and treatment of brain disorders like stroke, cerebral vascular disorders, and Parkinson's disease.
Researchers review cell-based therapies for comprehensive sepsis management, highlighting the potential of mesenchymal stem cells and innate immune cells like macrophages. The review also emphasizes the need for further studies on optimal dosage, administration routes, and storage methods to maximize efficacy and safety.
A recent study reveals that a protein secreted by blood vessels plays a crucial role in maintaining cancer stem cells and tumor growth. The research found that targeting this protein could lead to effective therapies for drug-resistant cancer.
A KAUST team developed a simple approach to tackle CRISPR's deletion issue by targeting error-prone DNA repair pathways. By modulating specific genes, they reduced large deletions while enhancing homology-directed repair efficiency.
Researchers at UC Santa Cruz discovered a secondary population of platelets that appears with aging, exhibiting hyperreactive behavior and unique molecular properties. This 'shortcut' pathway bypasses normal differentiation processes, producing problematic cells that can cause blood clotting diseases.
A University of Saskatchewan researcher is building tiny pseudo-organs from stem cells to help diagnose and treat Alzheimer's disease. These 'mini-brains' more accurately reflect a fully-fledged adult human brain, allowing for closer examination of neurological conditions.
Scientists have discovered 17 new genes involved in clonal haematopoiesis, a process associated with ageing linked to increased risks of blood cancers. The findings highlight the clinical significance of these genes in driving mutant blood cell clones, offering new avenues for studying disease development and promoting healthier ageing.
Researchers identified ERR-gamma as a key gene regulating the development of parietal cells, which produce hydrochloric acid in the stomach. The study's findings have implications for understanding conditions like indigestion, heartburn, and gastric cancer.
Researchers have successfully grown functional human liver cells in a different species, offering a potential solution to the shortage of donor organs for liver transplants. The breakthrough uses interspecies blastocyst complementation to produce transplantable human liver cells, which can effectively mitigate chronic liver fibrosis.
Researchers have uncovered a novel regulator governing how cells respond to mechanical cues, finding that ETV4 bridges cell density dynamics to stem cell differentiation. This discovery has significant implications for controlling cancer cells through mechanical cues.
Researchers analyzed epigenetic modifications in motor neurons from nearly 400 ALS patients, identifying 30 locations with modifications linked to disease progression. The findings may help develop targeted treatments for specific types of ALS.
Researchers at UMSOM identified a modified sugar molecule that enhances human neural stem cells' proliferation and transition into neurons, improving brain function and reducing anxiety and depression. The study provides a promising proof of concept for regenerative medicine in patients with cardiac-arrest induced brain injuries.
The study, published in Cell Stem Cell, improves the growth of nephron progenitor cells (NPCs) using a chemical cocktail, enabling sustained growth in a simple 2-dimensional format. The breakthrough has potential for advancing kidney research and discovering new treatments.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have found a way to better control the preclinical generation of key neurons depleted in Parkinson's disease. They developed an efficient method for stimulating stem cell differentiation to produce neural cells in the midbrain, which closely resemble dopaminergic neurons of natural origin.
Brain stem cells express genes for both maintaining their identity and differentiating into neurons without conflicts. Researchers found that messenger RNAs of stem cell genes are retained in the nucleus, preventing translation and allowing cells to maintain their status as stem cells.
A Japanese research team from Shinshu University has successfully tested a novel approach to regenerative heart therapy using human induced pluripotent stem cells. The strategy involves injecting cardiac spheroids into damaged hearts, resulting in improved blood pumping capability and minimal arrhythmias in primate models.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center have created mice with hybrid brains, allowing them to use rat neurons to sense odors accurately. The study's findings suggest that adding replacement neurons isn't plug-and-play, highlighting the need to remove dysfunctional neurons for functional replacement in neurodegenerativ...