Articles tagged with Applied Research
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A University of Oklahoma research team has received a $236,000 grant to develop and commercialize IV-VI semiconductor mid-infrared detectors. The OU detector outperforms commercially available products and could gain significant market share, creating local high-tech businesses and jobs.
Classic psychological research on expectancy and observer effects reveals flaws in forensic science, including the influence of human examiners and flawed evidence. The study proposes best practice recommendations to reduce confirmation biases and improve the quality of the judicial system.
Researchers found that even with multiple individuals contributing to a common cause, group presence reduces an individual's willingness to help. Fundraising strategies can be influenced by social factors, such as emphasizing personal donations and avoiding group interactions.
Researchers have created a stand-alone molecular motor with multiple components that can move independently, opening the door to creating nanoscale devices. The motor uses thermal excitation and electron energy to rotate clockwise and counterclockwise.
Researchers at DOE/Argonne National Laboratory studied ultrafast bubble formation, finding surface wetness affects the bubble's fate. The study could improve spray coating, metal casting, and ink-jet printing, as well as fuel efficiency and engine life.
University of Illinois Chicago researcher Karen Troy has received a $1.6 million grant to investigate the effects of mechanical forces on bone strength. She will conduct two studies, one testing dose response and another examining rate-dependent effects, using quantitative computed tomography to measure changes in bone mineral density.
A new approach combines pupillography with blinking assessment to measure alertness, sidestepping subjective assessment by healthcare workers. The method has been successfully tested on two groups of volunteers and links blink, pupillary indices and subjective sleepiness.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have created a musical representation of microbial data, revealing intriguing patterns and relationships. The 'sonified' data showcases the natural structures in oceanic environments, offering a new way to visualize biological phenomena.
Researchers reviewing Cogmed's claims found limited evidence supporting improved working memory and addressing underachievement. The debate raises concerns about the program's efficacy, sparking a nuanced discussion among experts.
The U.S. Navy awarded Penn State's Applied Research Laboratory a $853 million contract over the next 10 years to support critical defense research and development. The award enables ARL to carry out research in guidance, navigation, and materials science.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory have developed a new X-ray imaging technique that enables non-destructive 3D visualization of material surfaces. This breakthrough expands the range of X-ray research possible for biology, nanotechnology, and photonics.
Researchers Thomas Elsässer and Horst Weller recognized for detailed understanding of elementary processes on the sub-nanoscale. Their work has led to applications in photovoltaics, fuel cells, and drug delivery systems.
Research at Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry found that screening people with type 2 diabetes every two years is a safe and cost-effective strategy, reducing costs by around 25%. This approach could benefit 2.8m people in the UK who have diabetes.
Researchers at Polytechnic University of Valencia analyze the use of color in modern architecture, identifying four concepts: transformation, fragmentation, movement, and innovation. Chromatic versatility transforms buildings through changing appearance and perception.
Scientists developed a new fabric coating that repels water, acids, bases, and organic solvents, outperforming existing stain-resistant technologies. The coating remained intact after multiple wash cycles, showcasing its durability.
The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) has announced its 2012 ARVO Award recipients, honoring vision researchers who have made significant contributions to the field of ophthalmology. This year's award winners include Peter Sterling, John V. Forrester, Jeffrey L. Goldberg, and Josh Wallman, who will be recogniz...
A University of Leicester study found that continuity in general practice is associated with reduced hospital admissions. Practices with higher proportions of patients aged 65 and white ethnicity had higher rates of elective hospital admissions, while those with more male patients and patient satisfaction had fewer admissions.
The Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry is part of the new NIHR School for Public Health Research, focusing on applied translational research and narrowing gaps between researchers and practitioners. The collaboration aims to improve public health services in England with a £1.6m investment over five years.
A Georgia Tech study identifies specific words and phrases that predict whether workplace emails are sent to someone higher or lower in the corporate hierarchy. Certain phrases consistently signal a power relationship between two people, with an estimated probability of chance occurring less than 1 in 1,000.
Scientists create technique for tagging objects and substances using stable isotopes, enabling detection of explosives and tracking wild fish and farm-raised trout. The method has potential applications in preventing fraud, counterfeiting, and monitoring populations.
Black women exhibit a unique response to obesity, reporting higher quality of life despite similar weight gain compared to white women. Their self-esteem scores are particularly high, suggesting that body image and social norms may play a role in this phenomenon.
The Jefferson Sciences Associates (JSA) Initiatives Fund has awarded over $380,000 of the $450,000 to support education and outreach programs at the Jefferson Lab. The fund also supports postdoc career development, user initiatives, and several topical science meetings.
Researchers found a connection between conscientiousness and good credit scores, as well as a negative correlation between agreeableness and credit scores. However, poor credit scores were not linked to employee theft or deviant work behaviors, contradicting common employer assumptions.
A balanced amount of spare time is crucial for happiness in a consumer society. Materialistic teenagers with compulsive buying issues need just the right amount of leisure time to feel happier. Moderate time affluence alleviates negative side effects of material values and compulsive buying on adolescent happiness.
Piglets exposed to anise flavor before and after birth exhibit improved behavior and reduced cortisol levels upon weaning. Smelling the familiar flavor alone is sufficient to elicit a favorable response, suggesting a positive effect on stress and adaptation.
Researchers discovered that cardiotrophin 1 accelerates fat elimination from adipose tissue, increases muscle fat burning, and improves glucose uptake in cells. Treatment of obese mice with cardiotrophin 1 also reduces food intake and corrects obesity and diabetes.
Developed by Ohio State University researchers, the software improves GPS vertical accuracy in hazardous regions and can be used to measure glacier melting. Initial tests showed accurate positioning within centimeters of accuracy, with a success rate of up to 97%.
A Harvard expert investigates brown spots on King Tut's tomb walls, discovering they are not living organisms but rather dead microbes. The analysis of the spots reveals that the tomb was buried in an unusual hurry, with moisture and food providing a bountiful environment for microbial growth.
The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) honored its 2011 Award recipients, including Robert E. Anderson, Paulus de Jong, James T. Rosenbaum, Andrew J. Fischer, and Gullapalli N. Rao, for their groundbreaking research on photoreceptors, retinal diseases, intraocular inflammation, myopia, and vision-guided ocular ...
A Tel Aviv University researcher has developed a 3D tool that generates anatomically accurate before-and-after images in cosmetic surgery, helping patients avoid unexpected results and surgeons achieve more favorable outcomes. The tool uses real clinical data and machine learning algorithms to predict deformations of non-rigid objects.
Researchers at Arizona State University have discovered a core with an iron-rich center, resembling Earth's core, using array processing techniques on Apollo seismic data. The discovery sheds light on the lunar interior's composition and structure, providing insights into the Moon's ancient origins.
A study by Shannon Rogers and her team found that living in a walkable neighborhood is associated with increased civic involvement, trust, and social connections. Residents in more walkable areas reported better health, happiness, and community involvement.
Physicist Franz Pfeiffer's research on X-ray phase-contrast imaging has immense potential for applications in medicine and industry. His approach enables improved image contrast with lower doses of radiation, leading to better diagnostic success in tumor detection.
A study by University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee researchers found that teleworkers experience fewer work-life conflicts and less job stress compared to their office-based colleagues. These benefits lead to higher job satisfaction for telecommuters.
A study of retracted papers found US scientists were responsible for a third of all retractions, with one in three cases linked to data fabrication or falsification. Researchers from Asian nations also contributed significantly to the problem.
A team of researchers led by Boris Igiâ31 and Emma Goldberg found that long-term evolutionary survival favors plants that avoid self-fertilization. This leads to greater genetic diversity among nightshade species. By avoiding self-fertilization, plants can more easily keep beneficial mutations and protect against harmful ones.
New research from UC Berkeley found that magnetic pulses disrupt neurons governing motor skills, increasing left hand use in right-handed volunteers. The study challenges previous assumptions about decision-making and may pave the way for clinical advances in brain injury rehabilitation.
Researchers from <i>Applied Cognitive Psychology</i> found that listening to music can impair cognitive performance during tasks, even when participants enjoy the music. The study suggests that the acoustical variation in musical environments affects recall and mental arithmetic.
Pillemer receives the prestigious award for his groundbreaking work on human development over the life course and prevention of elder abuse. His research has played a crucial role in contemporary legislative efforts, leading to practical applications that improve the lives of older adults.
Chemical biologist Dr. Carolyn Bertozzi has made groundbreaking contributions to biotechnology, including bioorthogonal chemical reactions and genetically-encoded aldehyde tag technology. Her work has the potential to facilitate early cancer detection and develop novel protein drugs.
Art Frankel led a team to update national seismic hazard maps, vastly improving public policy and building codes across the US. The new maps were used directly in building codes, enhancing earthquake safety nationwide.
Researchers from Texas A&M University show that group brainstorming exercises can lead to fixation on only one idea or possibility, blocking out other ideas and possibilities. Taking a break after brainstorming can help prevent this phenomenon and encourage problem solving.
A new article by Dr. Robert A. Baron and Rebecca A. Henry demonstrates that sustained intense practice can improve cognitive thinking levels and lead to true excellence. Entrepreneurs can acquire capacities that aid in starting or running a venture through principles like preparation, repetition, and self-reflection.
Researchers at UAB Center for Research in Applied Gerontology are testing InSight software to enhance reflexes and reaction time among senior adult drivers, aiming to reduce car crashes. The study involves training exercises on a computer screen and has the potential to help older adults maintain their cognitive function and mobility.
The alpine marmot's expansion into the Catalan Pyrenees is a result of its adaptability to warmer temperatures. The species can occupy abandoned fields at lower altitudes, influencing local biodiversity and potentially threatening native species such as ptarmigan.
A new study by Jeroen Nawijn found that vacationers are happier before and during their trip, but not after. The study of 1,530 Dutch adults suggests that the effect of a vacation on happiness is short-lived and can be negated by returning to daily routines.
A study published in Applied Cognitive Psychology found that people using cell phones were most prone to oblivious behavior, missing the presence of a unicycling clown. Meanwhile, walkers not on cell phones noticed the clown over 50% of the time, highlighting difficulties with simple tasks like walking while distracted.
Dr. Hans-Werner Wahl is recognized for his significant contribution in gerontology, which led to innovation in treatment and practice. His work focuses on environmental gerontology, adaptation to low vision, and independence and autonomy issues in old age.
A study by Juan Miguel Fernández Campoy found that young inmates in reformatories see academic and professional education as a key to finding employment and escaping delinquent behavior. The researcher suggests improving the facilities' locations, labor market training, and staff relationships to support reintegration.
Researchers found that poverty alone does not define an individual's overall well-being and that many qualities and attributes need to be considered when designing social programs. Only 24% of people classified as 'poor' reported low life satisfaction, while 18% of those not considered 'poor' also experienced low life satisfaction.
A pilot study published in Physical Therapy found that restraining patients' unaffected upper limbs during the subacute phase after a stroke did not improve motor impairment and capacity compared to standard rehabilitation. Researchers applied constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) with a restraining device, but the results were no...
Scientists in Japan have created a universal QProbe system, a new PCR method that amplifies DNA traces more efficiently and accurately. This breakthrough technology has the potential to expand use of PCR in medicine, law enforcement, and other fields, making it faster, less expensive, and more specific.
Researchers from the University of Queensland studied semi-professional players and found that skill components are crucial to football performance. The study suggests that unambiguous metrics can help identify new talent and streamline selection criteria.
This year's Proctor Medal recipient, Joe G. Hollyfield, is recognized for his research on drusen and age-related macular degeneration. Samuel Wu receives the Friedenwald Award for pioneering retinal signaling process systems.
A new analysis of 22 years of research shows that teams tend to discuss information they already know, and that 'talkier' teams are less effective. However, teams perform better when sharing new information and engaging in tasks where they come up with a correct answer rather than a consensual solution.
A study published in Personnel Psychology reveals that executives' underwater stock option portfolios are more likely to lead to voluntary turnover. Increasing the value of these portfolios can reduce the odds of turnover by substantially, suggesting that firms may need to consider alternative retention strategies.
Argonne's Leadership Computing Facility won the High Performance Computing Challenge Award for its outstanding energy efficiency and computational power. The ALCF achieved scores of 103 GUPS and 5080 Gflops in two categories, showcasing its ability to deliver stellar results while using a fraction of the power needed for supercomputers.
Leading scientists Dr. Phaedon Avouris and Professor Tony Heinz were honored for their work on nanoscale carbon materials, showing promise for integrating electronics and optics. The research could enable faster calculations and solve electronics problems, with potential applications in photovoltaics, sensors, and medicine.
Researchers developed a method using laser beams and fluorescence to measure airflow rates in wind tunnels, satellite engines, and object wakes. This technique surpasses traditional particle methods in accuracy.
Dr. Philip Preshaw is being recognized for his groundbreaking research on the effects of quitting smoking on periodontal treatment outcomes. He has co-authored over 50 peer-reviewed publications and holds multiple prestigious awards, including the UK National Clinician Scientist award.