Articles tagged with Applied Research
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers found nursing notes can indicate ICU patient survival, outperforming traditional severity of illness scores. Positive messages in nursing notes correlated with higher survival rates, while negative messages predicted lower survival rates.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Psychology found that judo athletes who wear a white uniform have an advantage in winning, regardless of the color of their opponent's uniform. The researchers analyzed extensive data from judo competitions and found no effect of uniform color on winning.
Brain stimulation reveals that fronto-striatal circuits are essential for enjoying music. Researchers used TMS to manipulate these circuits, increasing or decreasing participants' liking of music and motivation to listen again.
A team of Lehigh University students and professors created an algorithm that optimizes inmate assignment, reducing processing time from 7 days to under 10 minutes and saving nearly $3 million. The Inmate Assignment Decision Support System has been recognized for its contribution to the correctional system.
Researchers found that preeclampsia can permanently change blood vessel function, increasing cardiovascular disease risk. Applying a drug to restore dilation response shows promise as potential treatment strategy.
A new study suggests that hydrophobic molecules like oil can be forced to dissolve in water when subjected to high pressure. Researchers applied immense pressure to methane and water, gaining insights into their interaction. This finding has implications for replacing hazardous industrial solvents and modeling planetary bodies.
A research team has secured funding to develop the first early detection system to locate invasive non-native species and harmful components of ships' ballast water. The system combines surveillance and risk-based monitoring to mitigate threats to human health and the environment.
Adults with autism tend to overestimate environmental changeability, reducing prior expectations' influence on behavior. This may contribute to sensory overload and social difficulties.
Research published in The BMJ found that a cross-government strategy reduced health inequalities in England, but current policies are potentially reversing these gains due to austerity measures.
A longitudinal study found that overweight, high blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in childhood are linked to decreased arterial distensibility in adolescence. The study suggests that primordial prevention of cardiovascular diseases should focus on children and young people.
A multicentre trial found that low childhood socioeconomic status increases the risk of higher left ventricular mass and poorer diastolic function in adulthood. The study, part of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study, followed 1,872 participants for 31 years.
Targets of workplace bullying shared common advice that often made their situation worse, including quitting or ignoring the issue. Despite this, most said they would recommend these tactics to others in similar situations due to a lack of insight into effective alternatives.
A Finnish study found that childhood exposure to high blood pressure, smoking, and elevated LDL-cholesterol is associated with poorer cognitive performance in middle age. The study suggests that regulating these risk factors through healthy lifestyle choices can promote brain health in adulthood.
A Finnish study finds that moderate cardiorespiratory fitness protects against fatty liver, a significant public health concern linked to metabolic disturbances and cardiovascular disease. Achieving cardiorespiratory fitness can help mitigate the risk of fatty liver, regardless of weight status.
Researchers at Utrecht University have uncovered the operation of the ancient biological clock in cyanobacteria, revealing a precision system comprising three protein components: KaiA, KaiB and KaiC. By slowing down time and applying cutting-edge techniques, the team identified the vital structures that govern the clock's daily rhythm.
Researchers found that using honorifics incorrectly, but with a playful tone, can help foreigners connect with locals on a personal level. This approach challenges the idea that speaking correctly is always necessary for fitting in.
Researchers found that involving interdisciplinary partners improved risk communication and public safety during earthquakes. Key recommendations include engaging with decision makers, developing clear warning messages, and minimizing negative impacts of inaccurate messages.
Researchers from the University of Turku identified new links between DNA variations and inflammation tracers, suggesting potential new treatments for diseases such as multiple sclerosis and Crohn's disease. The study used a large dataset to investigate the molecular processes underlying inflammatory diseases.
A new review of international slum research suggests that living close together can help mitigate health issues. The study's authors argue that this 'neighbourhood effect' could be a key to improving health in densely populated communities.
A group of biologists from the University of Geneva developed a novel technology to identify all transcription factors involved in any process and in response to any signal. The BC-STAR-PROM screening method enables researchers to monitor the activity of thousands of promoters simultaneously, saving time and work.
Patients registered to extended-access practices had a 26.4% relative reduction in ED visits for minor problems compared to those with routine access. This resulted in significant cost savings, but no overall reduction in ED visits.
A recent study found that the UK spends at least £1.1 billion on asthma care each year, resulting in approximately 1000 deaths and 270 hospital admissions daily due to severe attacks. The majority of these fatalities are preventable with proper basic care.
New research reveals that Android apps can automatically transmit sensitive information, such as routes traveled, through phone sensors, bypassing user consent. The study found a 50% chance that the actual path taken was one of the five most likely paths generated by the algorithm.
A new study using Bayesian inference models shows that humans anticipate future events based on past experiences, but the accuracy of their responses differs from reality when stimuli are accelerated or delayed. This suggests that our brain continuously updates probability of encountering future stimuli.
Male beetles have evolved to keep their penis tips soft for faster sex, exploiting the female's duct for efficient breeding. Researchers found that a softer tip is better for penetrating the female duct due to its narrow tube, which slows down penetration.
Researchers studied six years of bull runs to identify risks affecting runners and bulls, finding that the primary risk comes from bulls themselves, with minimal impact from route conditions or runner fitness.
Researchers developed a 'blocking' layer of porous carbon from loofah sponges to stabilize cathodes and improve lithium-sulfur, selenium, and iodine batteries. The new material helped prevent cathode dissolution over 500 to 5,000 cycles.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory discovered a new way to control oxygen vacancies, dramatically changing the conductivity of thin oxide films. The technique uses a small electric current to introduce oxygen voids, which can be reversed without affecting other material properties.
Retailers can boost profits by 7-10% by using higher prices with occasional sales for fashionable goods, according to a new study. The approach works because high-value customers are willing to pay more to avoid regret over not buying now, while lower-priced items attract price-conscious customers.
A new tool helps guide resource allocation for Zika virus interventions by analyzing health impact and costs. The tool suggests that proposed funds to combat Zika in the US and other countries would be cost-effective, particularly for measures reducing Zika infections.
Researchers have discovered a carbon coating that can prolong the life of wind turbine components, reducing micropitting and associated failures. The 'diamond-like' coating, named N3FC, has proven its worth through over 100 million testing cycles with no appreciable wear.
A study by the University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management found that having a first-class cabin increases air rage incidents nearly four times more than a nine-hour flight delay. Economy passengers who pass through first class are also more likely to exhibit bad behavior.
Researchers used network theory to depict dinosaur movement worldwide, finding some regions, like Europe, had extensive fossil records. The study also showed that all connections between Europe and other continents during the Early Cretaceous period were out-going.
Researchers developed a web-based platform using artificial neural networks to answer crossword clues more accurately than existing products. The system can understand words, phrases, and sentences by leveraging definitions in dictionaries and Wikipedia.
A UK project will provide an estimated size of the lesbian, gay and bisexual community in England, enabling Public Health England to address their health needs. The research team will develop a robust method to measure the LGB population size on an ongoing basis.
Researchers from Spain and Italy have identified the source of ancient Roman marble using microscopic and geochemical techniques. The study found that the marble came from quarries in Turkey and Greece, with variations in crystal size, manganese content, and isotopes providing key clues.
A new study finds that restructuring in organisations has a mainly negative effect on the welfare of employees, with or without job losses. The review of 39 studies highlights the importance of designing and implementing effective interventions related to restructuring.
Scientists have discovered a new phenomenon where fluctuations in high-temperature plasma grow abruptly, accompanied by large oscillation amplitude. The research provides insight into the mechanism of this phenomenon, known as subcritical instability, and its potential impact on nuclear fusion.
A new study suggests that many Europeans experience despondent and stressed feelings during the pre-Christmas period, but Christians, particularly those with high religious affiliation, tend to be more positive and content. Higher education levels and family presence also help individuals cope with the holiday stress.
CRISPR-Cas systems recognize and cut genetic elements from invaders, protecting bacteria. They hold potential for treating bacterial infections, developing probiotics, and designing microbial factories.
A new measurement method using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) estimates the distribution of aquatic animals in water by quantifying target DNA copies. This technique offers higher accuracy than existing methods, especially at low environmental DNA concentrations.
A Yale-led study found that donated kidneys with acute injury are associated with delayed graft function but not poor long-term transplant outcomes. The research suggests that injured kidneys could be used for transplants, potentially increasing the number of available organs and improving survival rates for patients on dialysis.
Dr. Smylie will focus on improving access to effective treatments for illnesses disproportionately affecting Indigenous peoples, such as diabetes and tuberculosis. Her research prioritizes community partnerships and integrates Indigenous approaches to health and well-being.
A study published in Current Biology found that the brain's response to disgusting images can reliably predict a person's political affiliation. The researchers used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to analyze brain activity while participants viewed neutral, pleasant, and disgusting images.
Researchers have devised equations to identify physical laws governing nail growth, shedding light on common nail problems like ingrown toenails. Daily poor trimming can tip the balance of nails, causing residual stress that leads to shape changes and potential serious conditions.
A new exercise referral scheme is being tested with the addition of web-based coaching to see if it can increase patient engagement and achieve public health targets. The study aims to investigate the cost-effectiveness and effectiveness of this approach in improving physical activity and overall health.
Despite significant increases in R&D expenditure as a percentage of GDP, China has seen a decline in funding for applied research, with basic research funding plummeting from 5.2% to 4.7%. The authors argue that further reforms are needed to bring transparency and coordination to the country's R&D spending.
A team at the University of Leeds used a standard TENS machine to apply electrical pulses to the tragus, reducing nervous signals that can drive failing hearts too hard. The stimulation changed the influence of the nervous system on the heart by increasing heart rate variability and suppressing sympathetic nervous system activity.
Gitlin, a renowned gerontologist, has made significant contributions to nonpharmacologic approaches in dementia care and aging in place. Her work aims to improve the lives of chronically disabled older adults and their family caregivers.
Researchers have successfully used kisspeptin to stimulate ovulation in women undergoing IVF treatment, reducing the risk of OHSS. Twelve babies were born after their mothers received the hormone injection, with 12 becoming pregnant and nine having healthy embryos transferred.
A study found that owning luxury products leads to higher satisfaction with life, whereas using them has a detrimental effect. Participants who kept luxury versions of durable items or consumable goods were more satisfied than those who only used them.
A UT Dallas study found that serious youth offenders who lack hope for the future are more likely to offend at high rates and commit serious offenses. The study suggests that youths who believe they will die earlier tend to focus on short-term gains, leading to impulsive behavior.
Researchers found that regular churchgoers, married people, and those with harmonious social ties are most satisfied with their love lives. The study also revealed that education does not impact love life satisfaction but religious involvement does, with believers having positive attitudes towards their relationships.
A smart home system, developed by Tecnalia, monitors a person's habits and activities to detect early symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. The system records data from various sensors and identifies changes in behavior, allowing for early diagnosis and improved patient care.
Researchers found that globalization has increased development in more countries, with education experiencing a 64% reduction in disparities. However, poorer countries struggle to catch up due to the 'poverty trap' and limited access to global markets.
A new method called Chabada analyzes app store descriptions to detect suspicious behavior, identifying 56% of existing spy apps. The approach clusters apps by related topics and detects unusual data access patterns, serving as a potential gatekeeper for app stores.
The study found that DNA barcoding increases the accuracy of monitoring marine mammal biodiversity, allowing for earlier detection of impacts from climate change and human activities. By using DNA barcoding in conjunction with a stranding network, researchers can better track species distribution and abundance.
A study by Hyun-Woo Lee and colleagues found that skiing and snowboarding experiences enhance happiness and satisfaction. Flow, or losing oneself in the activity, had the greatest direct impact on satisfaction, followed by involvement. The research supports positive psychology's benefits of physical activity in enhancing well-being.
A Baylor University study found that people with higher levels of religious certainty and those affiliated with high-tension congregations tend to give more. The research suggests that social exchange theory can explain why voluntary giving is a dominant aspect of America's philanthropy.
A study published in Springer's journal Applied Research in Quality of Life found that effective management of free time has a far greater impact on a retiree's quality of life than the amount of time available. By planning and scheduling their free time, retirees can improve their overall well-being and happiness.