Teresa Mastracci, a researcher at the Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, has received a $750,000 JDRF grant to study polyamine and hypusine biosynthesis for reversing the progression of type 1 diabetes. The goal is to identify new drugs that preserve or regenerate healthy beta cells.
Researchers discovered that tumors in fruit flies always originate from specific regions of epithelial tissue, which also occurs in humans and other animals. This finding may lead to a better understanding of cancer development and the discovery of potential treatments.
A research team from Washington University has been awarded a $1.25 million grant to study the movement and mechanics of flagella in a green alga called Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, which is nearly identical to human cilia. The goal is to understand how these tiny organelles propel movements and potentially develop new discoveries in mec...
University of Alabama at Birmingham researchers are developing a way to wrap insulin-producing cell-clusters from pigs in a thin protective coating to prevent immune rejection. The goal is to transplant these cells into humans to treat Type 1 diabetes, with promising results in preclinical work.
A new study finds that global fisheries will lose an estimated $10 billion in annual revenue by 2050 if climate change continues unchecked. Developing countries, which rely heavily on fishing for food and income, will be the most vulnerable to these losses.
A new study reveals that spontaneous reports of adverse drug reactions in newborns and infants are insufficient, highlighting the need for additional reporting strategies. The UK's Yellow Card Scheme, established over 50 years ago, has improved drug safety but may not be enough to capture all instances of adverse reactions.
Researchers at the University of Southampton have developed a new method to harness the unused potential of photosynthesis by introducing an additional enzyme that captures more light energy. This innovation enables the efficient bioremediation of polluted wastewater areas, as shown in their study published in ACS Synthetic Biology.
The Leopoldina Annual Assembly brings together 400 participants from around the world to discuss international dialogue in science. Key findings include recognition of outstanding research into present-day Chinese culture, with Freiburg sinologist Lena Henningsen receiving the Leopoldina Early Career Award 2016.
In a phase 1 clinical study of 32 participants with advanced B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, immunotherapy with defined subsets of T cells showed strong antitumor activity. The therapy was found to be more effective when combined with specific ratios of CD4 and CD8 CAR-T cells and pretreatment chemotherapy regimen.
Theoretical modeling work resolves debates on dwarf galaxy formation by accurately predicting their properties. The new simulation brings theoretical predictions into better agreement with observations of dwarf galaxies surrounding the Milky Way.
Aspirin has been found to have a molecular link that explains its ability to reduce the risk of both cardiovascular disease and colon cancer. The researchers discovered a gene regulatory protein that not only influences platelet function but also suppresses tumors in the colon.
Recent perovskite research by Ames Laboratory scientist Javier Vela reveals enhanced thermal and moisture stability, as well as tunable light absorption, in mixed-halide perovskites. This breakthrough may lead to more efficient solar cells and LEDs.
Researchers developed a new way to identify aggressive prostate cancer patients by analyzing their tumor's genetic pathways. The study found three subtypes of prostate tumors, with one subtype showing high disease progression and poor clinical outcomes.
Research suggests that TV ads may influence kids' alcohol consumption, with those exposed to more ads consuming more alcohol. A study of over 1,000 13-20 year olds found that more ad exposure was linked to higher total consumption of advertised brands.
Researchers will develop new therapies to protect brain and organs from secondary damage after traumatic events. A promising class of anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective drugs called tetracyclines show promise in preventing such damage.
A study published in Health Affairs evaluated the impact of in-service training and supervision on quality of care for pregnant women and sick children in sub-Saharan Africa. The research found that while receiving recent training and supervision was associated with improved quality, it did not exceed 50% of expected performance.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine have developed a new compound by attaching glucose to triptolide, making it more effective against cancer cells. The compound, glutriptolide 2, shows promise as a potential anticancer treatment with fewer side effects.
SPRU marks 50 years by launching a new global consortium to tackle pressing issues like climate change and inequality. The Transformative Innovation Policy Consortium aims to rethink innovation policy and its contribution to sustainable development, economic growth, and social justice.
Researchers found that a protein called NOD2 plays a critical role in determining the strength of anaphylactic reactions to food allergens. A changed immune reaction leads to more Th2 helper cells and increased antibody immunoglobulin E production, triggering allergic reactions.
A new study shows early infant circumcision can be safely performed by trained nurses with low rates of adverse events. The procedure resulted in high maternal satisfaction and healed wounds within four weeks.
Researchers found that 360-million-year-old Acanthostega fossils were immature individuals, indicating a possible aquatic juvenile stage. The study also revealed differences in limb ossification and size variation between individuals, suggesting potential adaptations for life on land.
A Saint Louis University researcher is studying the impact of treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on cardiovascular and metabolic health. The study aims to determine if patients who have been successfully treated for PTSD are more likely to adopt a healthier lifestyle.
Bacteria can form biofilms that break and float away, spreading infection. Researchers are studying the conditions under which these biofilms break down.
Researchers have developed a polyphenyline membrane that operates at temperatures between 176-320 degrees F, lasting three times longer than comparable commercial products. The membrane uses ammonium ion pairs to enhance stability and resist degradation, making it suitable for automotive applications.
A study published in JAMA Surgery found that implementing lean processes reduced average surgical wait times from 33 days to 12 days, while increasing operative volume and reducing no-shows. The improvements were sustained over multiple areas and seen during the implementation of new technologies.
A new study in mice finds that dopamine release from the brain's locus coeruleus region can enhance memory retention. The researchers used optogenetics to activate dopamine-carrying neurons and found a direct, long-lasting synaptic strengthening that improved learning and memory.
Researchers confirm cluster of cases in Chile, suggesting wider global distribution than previously understood. Scrub typhus kills at least 140,000 people annually and is transmitted through mite bites.
Scientists at Australian National University have developed a new spray-on material that can repel water and withstand ultraviolet radiation. The coating, made from nanoparticles, is transparent, stable, and has numerous real-world applications.
Researchers have discovered a connection between antimicrobial chemicals and antibiotic-resistance genes in indoor dust. The study, conducted by the University of Oregon, found six strong associations between triclosan levels and antibiotic-resistance genes.
Researchers have gained structural insights on a key protein from Aedes aegypti, the mosquito species most often linked to Zika. The study suggests compounds targeting this protein could kill mosquitoes and reduce cases of Zika and other illnesses.
Research suggests that mango supplementation can prevent the loss of beneficial gut bacteria often induced by a high-fat diet. This is achieved through the regulation of gut bacteria in favor of Bifidobacteria and Akkermansia, as well as enhanced short-chain fatty acid production.
A phase 3 study found that the drug everolimus significantly reduces seizure frequency in patients with treatment-resistant epilepsy and TSC. Nearly half of patients had failed previous antiepileptic drugs before participating in the study.
A recent study analyzing over 1,200 cancer caregivers in the US found that they report a significantly higher burden and spend more hours per week providing care compared to non-cancer caregivers. This highlights the need for better support systems for these individuals.
A recent study analyzing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2009-2014 found that celiac disease prevalence remained stable at 0.70%, while adherence to a gluten-free diet increased from 1.08% in 2009-2010 to 1.69% in 2013-2014.
A recent study found that many major cancer centers struggle with accessing palliative and supportive care services for patients. Only 37% of callers were told all seven supportive care services were offered, with some staff unsure about availability or unfamiliar with the term.
A new survey shows that nearly one-quarter to one-third of family caregivers experience high levels of depression and anxiety symptoms, with self-care behaviors declining as caregiving time increases. Family caregivers can spend over eight hours per day providing care, which affects their mental health if neglected.
Researchers found that messenger molecules in flatworms have alternate forms with varying tail lengths, affecting gene expression. The study provides insights into stem cell regulation and tissue regeneration.
Researchers found that changing the dosing regimen of the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine improved its efficacy to approximately 87%, compared to 63% with the current standard regimen. The new regimen was shown to delay infection longer and provide better protection against a second malaria-causing parasite exposure.
The conference will showcase the latest developments and studies on augmented and virtual reality, enabling trainees to learn on-the-job skills and enhancing the workplace of the future. Researchers will present prototypes, including a product from Virtalis that allows interactive discussion and modification of 3D constructions.
Researchers have created a flexible, wearable thermocell that harnesses body heat to generate electricity. The device uses gel-based electrolytes and combines two different redox pairs to produce a current. This innovation overcomes previous challenges in wearable energy harvesting and storage devices.
A study of 355 World War II veterans found that those who experienced intense combat were more price-sensitive and less brand loyal. This research provides insights for store owners and aid providers on what items to stock in stores after a disaster, such as practical and affordable options like off-brand variety.
A recent study by UT Southwestern Medical Center suggests that electric fans can exacerbate heat issues for seniors, increasing their heart rates and internal temperatures. The researchers found that when elderly patients used fans to cool down in a hot environment, their body temperature rose instead of falling.
Tropical Depression Namtheun is dissipating over the Sea of Japan due to limited convection and wind speeds near 28.7 mph. The storm ceased to qualify as a tropical cyclone after moving north-northeast at 10 knots.
Researchers at UTA have discovered a potential non-invasive treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using near-infrared light. The study, published in Nature's Scientific Reports, found that shining near-infrared light on the brain increases production of cytochrome-c-oxidase, a protein that stimulates blood flow.
Post-Tropical Cyclone Hermine continues to linger south of Long Island, New York, with strong winds affecting surf from the Mid-Atlantic to Cape Cod. The storm is moving westward at a slow pace, with a potential weakening trend in the next few days.
A study published in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior found that sex in later years can have contrasting effects on cardiovascular health for men and women. For older men, frequent sex increases the risk of heart attacks and other cardiovascular problems, while moderate amounts of sex may promote health among older women.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have developed a set of guidelines for assessing vascular cognitive impairment, which can help determine the likelihood that cognitive decline was caused by vascular disease. The guidelines are based on pathological criteria and can be used to streamline research into dementia.
A new $9.67 million grant will be used to investigate the connection between retrotransposable elements and aging, with the goal of developing therapeutic interventions. The researchers will work with human cells, mice, and fruit flies to study how these elements contribute to age-related diseases.
A framework has been developed to help scientists predict when forests will be resilient enough to recover from fires, and when they will be drastically altered. The framework considers factors such as ecological memory, material legacies, and the impact of changing climate conditions on forest recovery.
A landmark twin study has identified moderate to strong genetic contributions to the volume of cortical and subcortical brain structures in people over 65. The research found that specific brain regions, such as the hippocampus, have high genetic influences, while others show unique genetic determinants.
A Carnegie Mellon University and Facebook study found that personalized interactions on Facebook can significantly boost users' psychological well-being, even surpassing major life events. Sixty comments from close friends were associated with substantial increases in users' happiness and satisfaction with life.
Researchers found that a repurposed drug, pirfenidone, increased lung lesions and prevented antibiotics from targeting TB bacteria. The study suggests caution when using host-directed therapies for TB, emphasizing the need for careful vetting of new treatments.
A new study found a correlation between microscopic brain damage and impaired cognitive performance in patients with symptomatic carotid artery disease. The researchers used diffusion tensor imaging to assess white matter tract skeleton mean diffusivity, which showed the closest correlation with cognitive impairment.
Researchers found that Zika virus can infect specific regions of the eye in adult mice, resulting in inflammation and symptoms similar to those observed in human patients. The study also raised questions about whether the virus continues to replicate in the lacrimal gland after being cleared from the body.
Exposure to MRI during the first trimester was not associated with increased risk of harm to the fetus or congenital anomalies. However, gadolinium-enhanced MRI was linked to a broad set of rheumatological and inflammatory conditions in early childhood.
Researchers found that international trade shifts climate impact from consuming to producing regions in East Asia. Aerosols emitted through industrial production or fossil-fuel burning contribute to climate change, with stronger forcing in producing than consuming countries.
Researchers at Iowa State University have developed a theoretical framework to understand the relationship between capture zones and the formation of nanoclusters. The study highlights the importance of subtle spatial details in the nucleation process, which is crucial for controlling nanostructure properties.
Researchers tracked 41 boats across 28 sites in the Republic of Congo, collecting 5,500 hours of data on fishing trips. Fishers in urban areas travel far offshore with minimal safety gear, while those in rural areas make daily trips closer to shore.
Canada's high youth and indigenous suicide rates warrant a comprehensive national strategy. The World Health Organization has seen declines in countries with government-led programs, suggesting a similar approach could work here.
Researchers developed a precision-engineered gene therapy virus that selectively silences BCL11A, reducing signs of sickle cell disease and increasing fetal hemoglobin production. The approach has the potential to substantially increase the ratio of non-sickling versus sickling hemoglobin.