Researchers found that mixed bacterial-fungal biofilms in chronic wounds are associated with poor outcomes and longer healing times. The study identifies the most abundant fungi species, including Cladosporium herbarum and Candida albicans, which can hinder healing.
A large study from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found that individuals born by cesarean delivery were 15% more likely to become obese as children than those born vaginally, and this risk may persist through adulthood.
Scientists at NREL found that perovskites could have great potential for optoelectronic applications beyond photovoltaics, including in quantum computing. The discovery was made by accident while investigating excitons in perovskites and demonstrates the optical Stark effect's promise as an ultrafast optical switch.
A new study led by TSRI researchers found that a compound can specifically inactivate alcohol-linked neurons, reversing compulsive drinking behavior in rats. The findings suggest a potential new approach to treating alcohol dependence.
The discovery of POLD3's critical role in DNA replication reveals its necessity for both tumor and healthy cells, casting doubt on its use as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment. The study used genetic engineering to eliminate the gene in mice, showing its essential function in cell division and survival.
A recent study published in Computers in Human Behavior found that over two-thirds of rumors shared during Operation Brother's Keeper were true, and that journalists and emergency personnel played a significant role in spreading them. The research proposes specific lessons for first responders, including actively searching for rumors a...
BMJ has launched a new fully open access international journal, BMJ Open Ophthalmology, to cater for clinicians and scientists working in ophthalmology and vision science. The journal aims to publish high-quality content on basic, translational, and clinical science with a rigorous peer review process.
Researchers found misregulated imprinting at play in hybrid seeds from South American wild tomato species, affecting core gene regulation and contributing to seed failure. Genome-wide shifts occurred that favored maternal expression, suggesting a key role for epigenetic genomic imprinting in explaining differences in seed viability.
A new study from UC Berkeley finds that living in overtly racist communities can shorten the lives of both blacks and whites due to increased heart disease and circulatory issues. Blacks are most negatively impacted by racial bias, with higher rates of heart disease-related deaths in counties with high levels of racism.
Scientists found a novel mutation in modern feral Hawaiian pigs that explains their black coats, suggesting humans across the world have selected and bred black pigs independently. The study suggests Polynesians brought domestic pigs to Hawaii 800 years ago and humans later selected for black coats on at least three separate occasions.
The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends latent TB infection screening in primary care settings, but challenges remain in identifying high-risk patients. Current tools are insufficient to predict progression from latent to active disease, hindering personalized medicine for those with latent TB infection.
Patients registered to extended-access practices had a 26.4% relative reduction in ED visits for minor problems compared to those with routine access. This resulted in significant cost savings, but no overall reduction in ED visits.
Researchers analyzed over 30,000 twin pregnancies to identify the ideal delivery period, recommending 37 weeks for uncomplicated dichorionic twins and 36 weeks for monochorionic twins. The study aims to reduce stillbirth rates and neonatal complications in twin pregnancies.
Researchers created Renewables.ninja to estimate renewable energy output using 30 years of weather data. The tool predicts wind speed and sunlight at any location, allowing for more accurate estimates of energy generation. It has already been used to analyze Europe-wide solar and wind output and is being used by companies like RWE.
A new review provides a comprehensive guide for diagnosing and managing food allergies in children and adults. The study highlights the importance of clinical history, diagnostic testing, and supervised oral food challenges to accurately diagnose and treat food allergies.
Researchers have found Zika virus genetic material in human tears and live virus in mouse eyes, raising questions about transmission through bodily fluids. The study's findings have implications for corneal transplantation and potential new diagnostic methods, such as testing tear samples for viral RNA or antibodies.
Researchers used colors to identify the ages of over 130,000 stars in the Milky Way's halo, revealing a clear hierarchy with oldest stars at the center and younger ones further away. The study supports a hierarchical model of galaxy formation, suggesting that small mini-halos merged to form the Milky Way.
A group of biologists from the University of Geneva developed a novel technology to identify all transcription factors involved in any process and in response to any signal. The BC-STAR-PROM screening method enables researchers to monitor the activity of thousands of promoters simultaneously, saving time and work.
Research by Australian National University has found that diagnoses of differentiated thyroid cancer have increased three-fold in 25 years despite no change to death rates. Over-meticulous examinations are leading to unnecessary surgeries, causing substantial medical costs and complications for patients.
Researchers at IDIBELL discovered that tumor microenvironment triggers processes to protect tumor cells from conventional chemotherapy. The presence of certain molecules slows down cell cycle and activates proteins minimizing treatment effectiveness.
A study published in JAMA Pediatrics suggests that children born by cesarean delivery are at a higher risk of becoming obese compared to those born via vaginal birth. The research found a 15% increase in the risk of obesity in children after cesarean birth, with siblings born vaginally being 64% more likely to be obese.
A new dental school will be established in Texas with a significant impact on oral health care in the region. The school will address a severe shortage of dentists in El Paso County, where there is only one dentist for every 5,000 residents.
A study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that an intervention pairing caregivers with navigators to address family social needs decreased reported needs and improved child health status. Caregivers assigned to the intervention group reported fewer social needs and better overall child health compared to those in a control group.
Researchers have identified a potential new way to treat high blood pressure by targeting aberrant nerve signals in the carotid bodies. By blocking these signals, they were able to significantly reduce blood pressure in preclinical models, suggesting a novel approach to controlling cardiovascular disease.
Researchers found that mobile apps, barcodes, and automated monitoring systems can increase transparency and accountability in healthcare services. Digital technologies also enable people to report discrimination or bribery through social media.
Researchers have determined the detailed structure of Mitochondrial Complex I, the first and largest complex in the respiratory chain. This breakthrough allows for a deeper understanding of its intricate arrangements and interactions, enabling insights into disease-causing mutations and affected enzyme activity.
Researchers found rapid tree growth in eastern Tibetan forests due to increased soil nutrients and water from thawing permafrost. The study's results suggest that under specific conditions, forests can respond positively to human-induced climate changes.
The European Society of Cardiology has published new standards to prevent repeat heart attacks, highlighting the importance of a healthy lifestyle, regular physical activity, and prescribed medication. The guidelines also emphasize the need for patients to take responsibility for their own health after a first heart attack.
Operation IceBridge is studying the effect of summer melt on Greenland's largest and fastest-melting glacier, Helheim Glacier. The team is observing changes in ice elevation between spring and late summer to understand the cumulative response to melting.
Researchers from North Carolina State University and Intel Corporation developed a new chip design that accelerates core-to-core communication using built-in hardware. The core-to-core communication acceleration framework (CAF) improves communication performance by two to 12 times, reducing execution times from start to finish.
A SickKids-led project explores the effects of severe malnutrition on children's livers, finding that dysfunctional mitochondria and peroxisomes contribute to impaired nutrient utilization. The study identifies a key gene, PEX2, involved in peroxisome loss during starvation.
A large international study found that delivery at 37 weeks minimizes stillbirths and newborn deaths in twins. The researchers analyzed data from 32 studies on uncomplicated twin pregnancies and concluded that delivery before 36 weeks may not be necessary for monochorionic pregnancies.
Researchers argue that lowering the speed limit would reduce fatalities and serious injuries for pedestrians and cyclists. A study found that a 10km/h difference can lead to significant safety gains, with slower speeds allowing for longer reaction times and greater braking distance.
The discovery of the human aichi virus atomic structure is crucial for understanding its entry into host cells and evolution. The research reveals unique structural features, including a polyproline helix that acts as a recognition motif for binding to the enteric receptor.
Researchers developed an assay to identify chemotherapy-resistant cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) tumors. The least sensitive cells can predict a patient's response to chemotherapy, improving therapeutic outcomes.
The Canadian Cardiovascular Society has released updated guidelines for managing atrial fibrillation, prioritizing the use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) over warfarin. The new recommendations aim to improve patient outcomes and reduce stroke risk.
Researchers identified molecules controlling cell repulsion through endocytosis, a process by which cells engulf neighboring protein complexes. This discovery provides insight into development and neuronal networks, as well as cancer growth and metastasis.
Research from University of Manchester shows link between extended GP hours and fewer A&E visits, but cost savings may not outweigh benefits.
A rare fossil site in Belgium reveals that ancient placoderms, extinct armored fish, used a common nursery for juvenile development. The site's immature fossils show slow-moving and shallow water conditions ideal for young fish growth.
Hurricane Newton is expected to bring strong winds and heavy rains to Baja California Sur, Mexico, with total rain accumulations of 8-12 inches. The storm's trajectory suggests it will pass over the Gulf of California late this afternoon or evening.
Scientists have discovered a new species of butterflyfish in the deep reefs of Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument. The discovery highlights the importance of protecting and exploring poorly explored marine ecosystems.
A study found that using an electric fan increased heart rate and core temperature in elderly adults, suggesting that fans may not be effective in mitigating cardiovascular strain. The researchers also discovered that the elderly's impaired sweating capacity limits the effectiveness of electric fans.
Researchers created an ultrasensitive optical microfiber coupler sensor that detects small concentrations of molecules on or near the fiber's surface. The sensor boasts a sensitivity 20 times higher than conventional sensors, making it ideal for trace analyte and small molecule detection.
Researchers discovered the cause of vastly different thermal conductivities in superatomic structural analogues, directly related to rotational disorder within those structures. This finding enables the creation of materials with potential applications in sustainable energy generation, energy storage, and nanoelectronics.
The practice of female genital mutilation/cutting affects millions worldwide, causing physical and psychological harm. Alternative rites of passage, such as education and community celebrations, hold promise in eliminating this harmful tradition.
A single HIV mutation was found to induce two different outcomes in T cell adaptation, revealing a complex co-evolution between the virus and human immune cells. This finding has significant implications for the development of T cell-mediated AIDS vaccines.
Researchers have identified a factor in umbilical cord blood that can counteract harmful inflammation and sepsis, with tripled survival rates in mice. The newly discovered factor, nNIF, is present for just two weeks after birth and may offer insights into controlling the inflammatory response.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that high utility bills lead to mental health disorders like anxiety and depression among low-income families. Inefficient infrastructure and limited options for assistance also contribute to the problem, highlighting the need for comprehensive policy measures.
A recent study from the University of California, Davis, found that coastal development and precipitation increase the risk of disease-causing organisms flowing to the ocean. The study tracked the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, which can shed infective egg-like structures in soil, freshwater, and seawater.
Eating red meat increases significant risks for diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and certain cancers. The production of red meat also creates an environmental burden with impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and water use.
Researchers identified a unique oscillating pattern of a key cancer gene that may contribute to disease progression and treatment resistance. The study found that simultaneous treatment with chemotherapy and targeted drugs can suppress tumor cell growth in both ER+/HER2- and HER2+ subpopulations.
Researchers find using heat-tolerant sorghum varieties can increase crop yield under higher temperatures, but late sowing and collecting rainfall show minimal benefits. The study suggests a novel framework to assess the effectiveness of different adaptation options for West African farmers.
A new metric called the Relative Citation Ratio (RCR) allows researchers to evaluate article influence regardless of publication or field. RCR is benchmarked to a peer comparison group, providing a more accurate measure of an article's impact.
A total of 820 Hip surgeries were performed, with the overall VTE incidence being 12.2%. The incidence was lower for PAO compared to SHF and THA/Revision THA. Chemoprophylaxis therapy showed effectiveness in reducing VTE incidence.
The researchers created a device called a quantum enigma machine that can transmit an unbreakable encrypted message using a key significantly shorter than the message, advancing the field of quantum data locking. The team successfully demonstrated six bits of classical information being securely locked in with only one bit of encryptio...
A new discovery at RUDN University allows for substantially increased production of high-quality planting material using artificial winter in the fridge. This method uses micro cloning to grow plants from small buds, with potential benefits including increased plant height, reduced virus attacks, and improved plant health.
Researchers successfully created conditions for a fusion yield five times higher than current record using the OMEGA laser. The direct-drive approach, used by LLE scientists, is promising for achieving fusion as an energy source.
The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening for latent tuberculosis infection in people at increased risk due to their birthplace or living history. Treatment of LTBI with CDC-recommended regimens provides a moderate health benefit in preventing disease progression.
A review of studies on the 2008 European recession found an association with adverse health outcomes, particularly for suicides and mental health problems. The evidence is strongest for these outcomes, but the quality of the research varies greatly.
Researchers have created a more realistic picture of wind energy output in Europe, correcting for biases in existing data. The updated simulations show that the current European average capacity factor is 24.2%, but could increase to over 31% with improved grid interconnection and technology advancements.