Researchers found that treatment for subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroxinemia did not improve cognitive outcomes in children through five years. The findings support current ACOG recommendations against universal thyroid screening during pregnancy.
A team of scientists has identified a new way that gut bacteria can break down complex sugars, revealing novel enzymes with potential applications in developing pre- and probiotic products to improve human health.
A mobile app reduced the number of in-person follow-up visits for patients after surgery, with no impact on complication rates or patient satisfaction. The study found that patients using the app attended fewer visits and sent more emails to their healthcare professionals.
Researchers at Tohoku University successfully demonstrated quadruped gait transition phenomena by changing only speed parameters. The energy-efficient profile of the robot's gait patterns matched those measured in horses.
Research by Tongchuan Li found that ants create aggregate mulches in agricultural fields, which can retain water and improve soil health. The type of ant studied, Camponotus japonicus, is widespread in China and helps increase air and organic matter in soil.
Researchers found that ocean-derived fog accounted for more than half of total fog events in the Namib Desert. Soil water and groundwater-derived fog were also unexpected sources of moisture.
A fungal biopesticide called Aprehend has been shown to be effective against bedbug populations with insecticide resistance. The study found that Aprehend achieved mortality rates of 95.5-99% in 14 days, compared to 16-40% for resistant strains exposed to pyrethroid insecticides.
Researchers at the University of Turku found that SPECT imaging does not correlate with the number of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra, a key area affected by Parkinson's disease. This discovery has significant implications for future treatment development and monitoring.
Scientists developed a new method to map molecule assembly for discovering new materials. This approach predicts material properties and optimizes molecular structures for specific applications.
Research suggests that medications that boost natural brain opioids might be more effective in reducing anxiety than traditional 'receptor-binding' opioid drugs. The study found that these natural opioids play a crucial role in regulating neural circuits involved in fear and anxiety responses.
The study found that Chilean aquacultures release large quantities of readily biodegradable compounds into rivers, altering the ecosystem and depleting oxygen levels. The waste water also contains disinfectants and antibiotics, further harming aquatic life.
NASA's Laser Communications Relay Demonstration (LCRD) aims to establish a high-speed internet in space, enabling faster data rates and smaller communication systems. The technology has the potential to revolutionize space communications for missions to the moon, Mars, and beyond.
Researchers at UC have found unique courtship behaviors in wolf spiders that contribute to their genetic isolation. The studies, conducted by graduate students Emily Pickett and Madeline Lallo, reveal varying strategies among species to woo females, including vibrations and visual signals.
A new review suggests that augmenting the function of HDL cholesterol rather than increasing its concentration is crucial for protecting against cardiovascular disease. The study highlights the importance of addressing adipose tissue-associated inflammation to support the atheroprotective role of HDL.
A large study of 309 adolescent boys and girls found that moderate to intense physical activity during growth spurt years significantly increases bone mass and strength. The study suggests a balance between physical activity and recovery time is needed to enhance bone health.
Researchers at ICFO have developed a new method to measure atomic spin angle and amplitude with unprecedented precision, evading the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. This breakthrough allows for more accurate measurements of atomic spins, opening the door to the development of far more sensitive instruments.
Researchers at the University of Utah have discovered that collagen can get unraveled at a molecular level before complete failure of connective tissues, leading to common injuries such as ligament and tendon tears. This breakthrough allows for early detection and potential treatment using the CHP probe.
The epitranscriptome, a newly discovered regulatory layer of RNA, shows promise in understanding human diseases. Recent research reveals that RNA modifications play a crucial role in controlling its stability and function.
Researchers discovered that male hormones, specifically androgens, play a crucial role in the development of female chicken ovaries. The study found disruptions in ovarian structure when androgen receptors were suppressed, potentially affecting egg-laying rates.
Researchers developed a protocol to detect high-precision how, where, and why drugs interact with DNA biomolecules. This method uses X-ray radiation and advanced simulations to rationalize drug preferences, revealing new insights into the mechanism of platinum-based drugs like Pt103.
Researchers equipped Google Street View cars with methane analyzers to track leaks in Boston, Indianapolis, and other cities. The study found that some cities release up to 25 times more methane per kilometer of road than others, highlighting the need for targeted repairs.
A UCLA study has identified a small cluster of brain cells that malfunction in Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Tourette syndrome. These support cells play a crucial role in encoding Pavlovian response and may hold the key to diagnosing and treating these disorders.
Scientists have found evidence of severe droughts in the Mideast during past warm periods, with rainfall plummeting to a fifth of modern levels. The findings suggest that the region is already experiencing dire drought and may become even drier as climate warms.
Scientists have identified three new species of ground snakes in Ecuador, including the Critically Endangered Cerberus Groundsnake. The study highlights the importance of genetic analysis in resolving problematic species delimitation and conservation efforts.
Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory have made breakthrough discoveries on quantum dot materials using ultrafast electro-optical spectroscopy. The study reveals the cause of a significant voltage drop in quantum dots, allowing for potential improvements in device efficiency.
Wealthier individuals with a belief in social inequality are more likely to donate to charity, while less wealthy individuals who endorse greater equality make more donations. Charitable organizations can enhance their marketing efforts by understanding the relationship between power distance belief and charitable giving.
A new smartphone-based device can analyze sperm concentration and motility with high accuracy, making it a game-changer for fertility care. The device has been tested with 350 clinical semen specimens and shows promise in detecting abnormal semen samples.
Researchers at Kyoto University have developed a novel imaging technique using gamma-ray spectroscopy to visualize and quantify ground-level radiation. This method enables the detection of previously unknown contamination hotspots around the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, allowing for more effective decontamination efforts.
A new study from the University of Cambridge and Natural History Museum proposes a major overhaul of the traditional dinosaur classification system. The researchers conclude that Ornithischia and Theropoda should be grouped together under the name Ornithoscelida, with dinosaurs potentially originating in the northern hemisphere.
A Baylor University study found that people who fear technology, known as technophobes, are three times more likely to fear unemployment and nearly three times more likely to worry about financial instability. The study suggests that these fears may be a legitimate social concern, rather than simply a subset of fearful individuals.
A new study led by Massachusetts Eye and Ear researchers found that the brains of blind individuals make new connections to compensate for visual information, enhancing abilities like hearing, smell, touch, memory, and language. The findings could lead to more effective rehabilitation efforts for blind individuals.
A new study found that the proportion of women without a history of cancer who underwent BRCA testing rose sharply from 2004 to 2014. However, many high-risk patients remain unidentified, highlighting the need for effective testing strategies to maximize detection of mutation carriers.
Researchers at Imperial College London found that a weak star's light can cause significant material loss from a protoplanetary disc. The study of the IM Lup system revealed that the disc will lose about 3,300 Earth's worth of material over its lifetime.
Researchers found that intron sequences promote heterochromatin structure formation, leading to improved chromosome segregation during cell division. This discovery has significant implications for understanding diseases caused by chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down syndrome.
Researchers at Portland State University have found that only half of a virus's genes are necessary for infection, highlighting the resilience of these pathogens. The study's findings also shed light on the molecular basis of survivability under extreme conditions and potential origins of life.
A new study from The George Institute found that pregabalin treatment did not relieve pain but caused side effects like dizziness. Despite this, many patients reported being satisfied with the treatment, highlighting the need for alternative management options for sciatica.
Research at The Mount Sinai Hospital found excessive histone acetylation in heroin users, leading to increased gene expression and addiction behavior. Treatment with JQ1 reduced heroin self-administration and drug-seeking behavior, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits.
A new study by Monell Center researchers found that older U.S. women with poor olfactory function tend to have fewer social connections and a poorer social life score. The study suggests that maintaining a vital social life can help improve mental and physical health in older adults.
Recent clinical trials show biologics like infliximab and adalimumab promote 28-33% mucosal healing in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Researchers aim to develop new treatments targeting inflammation differently.
A Phase I clinical trial demonstrates the safety of transplanting autologous Schwann cells into a spinal cord lesion, showing no negative effects after 1 year. The study successfully determined safety and feasibility for performing peripheral nerve harvests within 5-30 days followed by intra-spinal transplantation within 4-7 weeks.
A study published by Pamela Hinton at the University of Missouri-Columbia found that weight-bearing exercises decrease sclerostin, a protein made in the bone, and increase IGF-1, a hormone associated with bone growth, promoting bone formation and increasing bone density.
Researchers identified secretogranin III as a potential therapeutic target for preventing diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity. Inhibiting this protein may reduce vision loss in both conditions.
Researchers develop low-cost fabrication process using low-power laser etching to create polymer waveguides, enabling integration of optical sensing onto lab-on-a-chip devices. The new technique also shows promise for other applications requiring precision microstructuring.
Researchers have developed a machine learning model that can predict the outcome of cellular interactions and design new cancer treatments. The Stampede supercomputer enabled the team to run billions of simulations, allowing them to identify patterns in the data and create a system capable of predicting laboratory results.
A new study found that early environmental experiences and temperament shape children's problem-solving skills. Children with hawk traits developed enhanced problem-solving for rewards by age 4, but performed worse on standardized tasks.
Researchers from University of Cambridge find that ordinary people left homesteads to become nomadic herdsmen or took up arms with tribes. Meanwhile, some Huns adopted settled agriculture, enjoying a more stable lifestyle.
Researchers propose a new approach to treating Parkinson's disease by identifying specific symptoms and molecular features of individual patients. By developing biomarkers and tailoring therapies to distinct patient subtypes, scientists aim to improve treatment outcomes and potentially slow or cure the disease.
Researchers have identified a protein in urine samples as a potential biomarker for ALS, allowing for monitoring disease progression and assessing therapy effectiveness. Studies found patients with higher levels of the protein survived longer, suggesting it could be used to predict disease outcome.
Researchers developed a framework to help retailers assess shopper-facing technology, considering factors like intrusiveness, value, and satisfaction. The study found that retailers should prioritize shopper perceptions before measuring potential cost savings and profit enhancements.
A new project led by UTIA faculty will recruit 14 undergraduate Research and Extension Fellows to explore agro-ecological farming in western Belize. The team will work with local partners to empower forest and wildlife stewardship while increasing the students' skills to become leaders in agricultural and conservation efforts globally.
A new study in the Journal of Consumer Research found that consumers are more likely to buy practical products, such as cooking ingredients and household cleaners, when they feel a loss of control. This purchase behavior is driven by a desire to exert control over their lives through functional items.
A global study found that only 9% of MPAs have adequate staff and funding, hindering their ability to recover fish populations. Despite this, MPAs with sufficient personnel and budget show nearly three times greater increases in fish populations.
Researchers developed a disposable glove with built-in electrochemical sensors to detect organophosphate nerve agents and pesticides. The sensor can be worn on the fingers, providing fast and accurate detection of deadly toxins.
A new low-cost rotavirus vaccine has been found to be 66.7% effective in preventing severe gastroenteritis caused by the virus. The vaccine is heat-stable and adapted for African settings, offering a solution for vulnerable children in sub-Saharan Africa.
A study from the University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management found that giving structure to information can hinder creativity and cognitive flexibility. Participants in organized information groups displayed less creativity and spent less time on tasks compared to those working with unorganized information.
Researchers have confirmed that resveratrol metabolites can be detected in ocular tissues, including the conjunctiva and aqueous fluid. This finding opens up new avenues for exploring the therapeutic potential of resveratrol in human eye health.
A new study reveals that both medical terminology and prior experience can impact surrogates' feelings after making life-prolonging treatment decisions. Surrogates who received 'Allow Natural Death' terminology perceived their decision as good and were more likely to sign the document.
A survey of over 17,000 parents of hospitalized children found variability in quality of care across US children's hospitals. The study highlights opportunities for improvement in communication, family engagement, and patient safety.
Researchers found that mouse lungs produce over half of the body's platelets and contain a pool of stem cells capable of restoring blood production. This discovery suggests the lungs may also play a key role in human blood formation, with implications for treating diseases like thrombocytopenia.
A new species of hard coral, Cyphastrea salae, has been discovered on Lord Howe Island, Australia, using modern genetic techniques. The discovery highlights the unique fauna of this isolated location in the Tasman Sea and increases the conservation significance of Lord Howe Island.