A new study reveals that humans can entrain to the temporal structure of sign language, regardless of whether they are fluent or non-fluent signers. The researchers developed a novel metric to measure visual rhythms in sign language and found that brain waves locked into specific frequencies of sign language.
Astronomers using ALMA have found the complex organic molecule methyl isocyanate in the disk of a young Sun-like star, providing new insights into the formation of life. The discovery suggests that these protostars are well-suited for Earth-sized planets to form and may hold clues to understanding how life emerged on our planet.
A new study by McMaster University has found that delaying the introduction of potentially allergenic foods until after a baby's first year may increase the likelihood of a food allergy later on. Infants who avoided cow's milk products, egg, and peanut during their first year were more likely to be sensitized to these foods at age one.
Astronomers used Hubble Space Telescope to repeat a century-old test of general relativity by measuring the deflection of light from a background star. The result provides a solid estimate of the white dwarf's mass and yields insights into theories of its structure and composition.
Dog ownership has been found to encourage older adults to be more physically active, with an average of 22 minutes spent walking per day compared to non-owners. The study, published in BMC Public Health, also showed that dog owners had fewer sedentary events than non-dog owners.
A new study by University of Utah researchers suggests a causal relationship between a father's behavior and his daughter's experiences, leading to changes in social environments that impact their sexual behavior. The quality of fathering has implications for parental monitoring and peer affiliation.
Researchers at CUNY's ASRC developed a new approach to produce materials that mimic melanin's properties, providing unprecedented control over expressing specific properties of the biopolymer. This discovery could enable the development of innovative cosmetic and biomedical products.
Rice University scientists have discovered a way to selectively open gaps in blood vessel barriers, allowing large molecule drugs to reach targeted tissues. The technique uses magnets to manipulate nanoparticles and alter the endothelial cell's structure, creating temporary 'leakiness' that can be controlled.
A new clinical study found that genetic defects in mismatch repair (MMR) pathway tumors can indicate successful response to PD-1 blockade immunotherapy. The trial showed pembrolizumab controlled disease in 66 patients and caused complete tumor disappearance in 18, with no recurrence for an average of 8.3 months.
A pilot study found that patients following cesarean delivery often receive double the number of pain pills they need, leading to unused medication. Using a shared decision-making tool reduced opioid prescriptions by 50%.
Bee health expert Lynn Adler is studying the impact of sunflower pollen on honeybees and bumblebees. Her research aims to explore whether sunflower pollen can help bees fight off a common pathogen, potentially leading to new commercial products to support bee health.
A team of researchers has developed improved tin electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction, which can increase the energy efficiency of the process. The study used computational quantum chemistry modeling to predict which dopant additives can enhance the conversion rate.
Effective SEL programs focus on improving emotional environments, values, and mindsets rather than just teaching skills, according to UT Austin psychology assistant professor David Yeager. These approaches help teens find purpose in learning and communities, leading to improved academic performance and social-emotional well-being.
Researchers have developed a new surface molecule that makes immune cells more aggressive against cancer cells. The approach could enhance adoptive T-cell therapy, allowing for more effective treatments and personalized medicine.
The IASLC published a comprehensive summary of the year's key developments in thoracic oncology, covering prevention, early detection, pathology, staging, surgery, adjuvant therapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. The publication highlights significant progress in small cell lung cancer and malignant mesothelioma.
A statistical analysis of HIV/AIDS interventions in South Africa reveals significant disparities between rural and urban areas. The study found that earlier access to interventions is crucial in rural areas due to cultural factors such as stigmatization.
Researchers from KIT and EPFL demonstrated a novel method for generating frequency combs in optical microresonators, enabling data transmission rates of over 50 terabits per second. This breakthrough uses soliton frequency combs to increase the performance of wavelength division multiplexing techniques in optical communications.
The Famula project has created a system that learns to recognize everyday objects through trial and error, mimicking human learning. The robot's language capabilities are also being developed to improve its interactions with humans.
Researchers found that extinct early whales had hearing similar to terrestrial animals, contradicting previous assumptions. This discovery suggests a more complex evolutionary history for whales, with hearing specialization emerging later.
A global standard method for whole genome sequencing will facilitate real-time data sharing among public health laboratory networks, increasing efficiency in detecting and responding to foodborne illnesses. The adoption of this method is expected to save lives and reduce economic burdens.
A new study from Ohio State University suggests that capable governments are crucial in preventing food-related violence induced by climate change. The researchers found that weak political institutions, poverty, and dependence on agriculture make countries more vulnerable to such uprisings.
Dr. Jack Edwards, a leading researcher at LA BioMed, has been recognized with the Rhoda Benham Award for his continuous outstanding contributions to medical mycology. His work focuses on understanding fungal diseases, aiming to develop new anti-fungal agents and immunotherapies to prevent life-threatening infections.
Physicists from Cracow and Zurich searched for traces of light inflatons in meson decay, but found none. The absence of a new particle challenges cosmological models relying on general relativity.
A new study published in Organization Science found that setting stretch goals can lead to lower risk-adjusted performance and higher variation in performance across organizations. The researchers discovered that about 80% of participants failed to reach their assigned stretch goals, often abandoning them for more manageable targets.
Scientists at IBS create nanostructures that function as channels for iodide transport in cell membranes, offering a new approach to diagnose and treat iodide transport disorders. The newly developed synthetic ion channels, called porphyrin boxes 1A (PB-1A), selectively allow the passage of negatively-charged ions, such as iodides.
Researchers found that leaders who change their moral minds are perceived as hypocritical and less effective, but framing the change as a result of a transformative experience can mitigate this perception. The study suggests that taking a moral stance without underlying beliefs can backfire if a leader needs to change their mind later.
A study using brain scans found that feelings of empathy involve distinct brain activity patterns, with empathic care overlapping with value and reward systems and empathic distress linked to mirroring systems. The researchers discovered consistent patterns across individuals, predicting emotions based on brain activity.
Researchers at KIT discovered how fungi grow by extending tubular cells, contrary to conventional cell division. The growth process is controlled by calcium concentration and involves the transport of construction materials on rails.
A Wayne State University research team will conduct a five-year trial to test an intervention on tablet computers that helps parents engage in effective parenting to assist their diabetic adolescents complete daily care. The study aims to improve health outcomes and metabolic control among African American youth with Type 1 diabetes.
Researchers compared visual functions in elite and intermediate footballers to healthy non-athletes, finding that elite players had better visual clarity, contrast sensitivity, and near-far quickness. Defensive players showed faster near-far quickness than offensive players, suggesting this may be an advantage for defenders.
Chinese researchers create microscale optical waveguides using lanthanide metal-organic frameworks, offering potential for low-loss light conduction and polarized emissions. The novel structures emit luminescence in different colors depending on the used lanthanide, making them suitable for color-tunable optical applications.
A Utah State University team constructed a scale model of the Oroville Dam spillway, replicating its current state and terrain conditions. The model will help engineers make better-informed decisions about repair and replacement.
NASA's Global Precipitation Measurement mission detected intense rainfall in southeastern Florida, with rates exceeding 7.5 inches per hour. The GPM core satellite captured detailed images of the storms' vertical structure, showing thunderstorm tops reaching altitudes of over 9 miles.
Scientists create a 'molecular black hole' by stripping electrons from atoms using the world's most powerful X-ray laser. The experiment uses intense pulses to study molecular behavior and could advance high-resolution imaging of viruses, bacteria, and complex materials.
Researchers from NYU Dentistry studied a sea urchin protein that forms hydrogels, capturing mineral nanoparticles and organizing them into crystalline bricks. The protein, rSpSM50, induces fracture resistance and enables the creation of tunable fracture-resistant materials.
A UK study found that regular and occasional cannabis use among teens is associated with a greater risk of other illicit drug taking in early adulthood. Cannabis use was also linked to harmful drinking and smoking habits.
Researchers are using imaging mass spectrometry to improve drug development by visualizing how drugs interact with tissues and animals. This technique has been shown to help identify potential off-target effects and inform safety guidelines for children's treatments.
Researchers used MRIs to analyze infant brain connectivity and synchronize brain regions. The study found that differences in these connections at six months could predict autism diagnoses at two years old, with the machine learning classifier correctly identifying 81% of babies who developed autism.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a new technique for 3D printing using a paste of silicone particles in water. The method uses capillary attraction to link together tiny beads, creating porous and flexible structures.
Researchers developed nanoparticles that combine two immunotherapy tactics to target and destroy tumor cells, slowing growth in mice with different cancers. The treatment showed promise in treating various tumor types without severe side effects.
Scientists at The University of Queensland discovered that dendrites in the retina's nerve cells play a critical role in decoding images. The study reveals that dendritic processing enables the retina to convert and refine visual cues into electrical signals.
Florida researchers have identified a small protein from the Wolbachia bacterium that can silence viral material in Asian citrus psyllids, potentially helping trees fight off bacterial invasion. The protein could serve as a target for spray treatments to protect trees against the disease.
Researchers have discovered intrinsic magnetism in isolated 2-D materials, a breakthrough that could lead to the development of more efficient and compact magnetic devices. The discovery was made using Scotch tape to exfoliate monolayers from larger crystals, revealing unique properties not seen in their 3-D forms.
Researchers at the Weizmann Institute of Science have developed a method to overcome the fundamental limit on particle density in atomic and molecular-beam experiments. By cooling skimmers to lower temperatures, they significantly reduced shockwaves and increased beam density, enabling more interesting chemical reactions.
Researchers developed a computer model to spot social media users who make up information about themselves, estimating age and gender with high accuracy. The study found that nearly 40% of adult website users lie about their age and one-quarter lie about their gender.
University of Guelph researchers discover Ruby Ring onion variety has highest levels of quercetin and anthocyanin, compounds known for their anti-cancer properties. The study reveals red onions can activate pathways that encourage cancer cell death and disrupt communication between cells.
A study of 97 youth football players aged 9-13 found they experienced a total of 40,538 head impacts during four seasons. The number of impacts differed significantly depending on the player's age/weight level, suggesting all athletes should not be evaluated as one group when assessing head impact exposure and injury risk.
Researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder found that offshore wind turbines may not withstand Category 5 hurricane gusts, which could pose a risk in hurricane-prone areas. The study highlights the limitations of current turbine design and suggests that manufacturers and engineers need to improve hurricane-resilient turbines.
Fatty acid esters disrupt insulin synthesis and lead to beta cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. High-resolution mass spectrometry imaging reveals an imbalance in insulin production and secretion, affecting the function of pancreatic islets.
Researchers from Tomsk Polytechnic University have developed a technology to obtain liquid fuel from coal wastes for thermal power stations, reducing anthropogenic emissions and disposing of waste efficiently. The new fuel composition shows lower sulfur and nitrogen oxide emissions when burned compared to traditional coals.
Early menstruation is linked to earlier age of sexual initiation, pregnancy and marriage in low- and middle-income countries. Girls who menstruate before age 14 are more likely to engage in sexual intercourse and get married at a younger age.
Researchers have solved a long-standing riddle in the analysis of meteorites from Moon and Mars using high-pressure experiments at DESY's X-ray light source PETRA III. The study reveals that cristobalite can transform into seifertite under non-hydrostatic conditions, challenging previous assessments of meteorite formation conditions.
Researchers used functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) to scan 59 high-risk, 6-month-old infants, finding that brain patterns preceded behavioral symptoms of autism. The technique accurately predicted diagnoses in 82% of cases, with 93% accuracy in smaller groups.
Researchers developed a parametric genetic algorithm to assess complementary options for large-scale wind-solar coupling in the electrical grid. The approach successfully optimized power generation and dispatch decisions, showing promise for managing intermittent renewable energy sources.
FSU researchers found that viewing plus-size models improves women's psychological health by reducing social comparisons and increasing body satisfaction. Women paid more attention, remembered more, and reported higher levels of satisfaction when exposed to average and plus-size models compared to thin models.
Yi Xie receives the fourth Tsinghua University Press-Springer Nano Research Award for her groundbreaking research on inorganic functional solids. Her work has contributed significantly to the field of inorganic solid state chemistry at the nanoscale, with promising applications in energy conversion.
Researchers at University of Illinois find ancient fungal specimen with gills under cap, revealing insights into fungal evolution and adaptation to terrestrial environments. The oldest known fungus fossil, Gondwanagaricites magnificus, pushes the timeline for fungi's existence by millions of years.
Researchers found that pathologists outside of academic centers were more likely to misdiagnose appendix tumors as invasive cancer. A significant number of patients had their diagnoses changed after a second evaluation, emphasizing the importance of expertise in appendix cancer diagnosis.
Researchers found that emancipative values, including freedom, autonomy and self-expression, are linked to prosocial behavior. Studies showed that people with these values are more likely to engage in charity work, volunteer and defend others' rights.
Researchers found that using holistic ecosystem management increases the value of stored natural capital in the Baltic Sea fishery ecosystem over five decades. The study highlights the critical role of interactions between commercially important species and how these interactions impact the overall system's wealth.